Iraq, a country study
  • Foreword
  • Acknowledgments
  • Preface
  • Country Profile
  • Introduction
  • Chapter 1. Historical Setting
  • *Ancient Mesopotamia
  • **Iranian and Greek Intrusions
  • *The Arab Conquest and the Coming of Islam
  • **The Sunni-Shia Controversy
  • **The Abbasid Caliphate, 750-1258
  • **The Mongol Invasion
  • * The Ottoman Period, 1534-1918
  • *World War I and the British Mandate
  • *Iraq as an Independent Monarchy
  • *Republican Iraq
  • *Coups, Coup Attempts, and Foreign Policy
  • *The Emergence of Saddam Husayn, 1968-79
  • *The Iran-Iraq Conflict
  • Chapter 2. The Society and Its Environment
  • *Geography and Population
  • **Boundaries
  • **Major Geographical Features
  • **Settlement Patterns
  • **Climate
  • **Population
  • **The People
  • **Kurds
  • **Other Minorities
  • *Religious Life
  • **Islam
  • **Sunnis
  • **Shias
  • **Sunni-Shia Relations in Iraq
  • *Social Systems
  • **Rural Society
  • **Impact of Agrarian Reform
  • **Urban Society
  • **Stratification and Social Classes
  • *Family and Society
  • *Education and Welfare
  • **Health
  • **Welfare
  • Chapter 3. The Economy
  • *Growth and Structure of the Economy
  • *The Role of Government
  • *Banking and Finance
  • *The Oil Sector
  • **Developments Through World War II
  • **Post-World War II Through the 1970s
  • **Oil in the 1980s
  • *Industrialization
  • *AGRICULTURE
  • **Water Resources
  • **Land Tenure and Agrarian Reform
  • **Cropping and Livestock
  • *Transportation
  • **Roads
  • **Railroads
  • **Ports
  • **Airports
  • *Telecommunications
  • *Electricity
  • *Foreign Trade
  • Chapter 4. Government and Politics
  • *Constitutional Framework
  • *Government
  • **The Revolutionary Command Council
  • **The National Assembly
  • **The President and the Council of Ministers
  • **The Judiciary
  • **Local Government
  • **Kurdish Autonomy
  • *POLITICS
  • **The Baath Party
  • **The Politics of Alliance: The Progressive National Front
  • **Political Opposition
  • *Mass Media
  • *Foreign Policy
  • **The Soviet Union
  • **The West
  • **The Persian Gulf Countries
  • **Iraq and Other Arab Countries
  • **Relations with Other Countries
  • **Participation in International Organizations
  • Chapter 5. National Security
  • *The Regular Armed Forces
  • **Size, Equipment, and Organization
  • **Manpower and Training
  • **Conditions of Service and Morale
  • **Military Justice System
  • **Uniforms and Rank Insignia
  • *Paramilitary Forces
  • *Foreign Military Ties
  • **Military Ties Prior to the Iran-Iraq War
  • **The Iran-Iraq War and the Quest for New Sources of Arms
  • **Arms from the Soviet Union
  • **Arms from France
  • **The Search for Nuclear Technology
  • *The Iran-Iraq War
  • **Iraqi Offensives, 1980-82
  • **Iraqi Retreats, 1982-84
  • **The War of Attrition, 1984-87
  • **The Tanker War, 1984-87
  • *Armed Forces and Society
  • **Status in National Life
  • **The Sociology of the Military
  • **The Defense Burden
  • **The Impact of Casualties on the Armed Forces
  • **Treatment of Veterans and Widows
  • *Internal Security
  • **The Kurdish Problem
  • **The Iraqi Communists and Baathist Iraq
  • **Impact of the Iranian Revolution on Iraqi Shias
  • **Internal Security in the 1980s
  • **Incidence of Crime
  • **Criminal Justice System
  • **********************
  • Bibliography
  • Glossary
  • Iraq Appendix A. Tables

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