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THE 



% Utottk Journal btfroftb to % literature anti ^Poso^n of % Craft. 

Published by the Authority of the Sovereign Sanctuary of the Antient and Primitive Rite of Masonry Irr 

and for Great Britain and Ireland. 

Edited by the GRAND INSPECTOR-GENERAL. 


Vol. III. No. 6. 


JUNE, 1883. 


( s ° b “nnSC P ' r ) 2s. [Monthly. 


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THE 







KHEPH 


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% HJasorat |ournaI tofooieb tu % literature anfr ^jjiloso^Ijg of % Craft. 

Published by the Authority of the Sovereign Sanctuary of the Antient and Primitive Rite of Masonry in 

and for Great Britain and Ireland. 

Edited by the GRAND INSPECTOR-GENERAL. 


Vol. III. No. 6. 


JUNE, 1883. 


( su ?ira°uV*-) [Monthly. 


THE BIBLE AND THE MYSTERIES. 

( Continued from Page 84-) 

Again, in the orgies there was a doctrine of union, or 
identification with the Great Father. After various 
transmigrating revolutions, the perfected were to be 
absorbed into the person of the God, thence again to 
reissue into other worlds in new bodies, and St. Paul 
evidently seizes on this doctrine to enforce the doctrine 
of the autonomy of the elect with God, “ That He might 
gather together in one all things in Christ, both which 
are in Heaven, and which are on earth, even in Him.” 

At this period the germ of hidden truth which might be 
latent in the mysteries, had been so buried under the accumu- 
lation of ages of corrup t teaching, and tainted with licentious 
practices, that the attempt to purify them by engrafting 
upon them the pure doctrines of the new revelation, met 
with stern opposition from the Apostles, for although the 
doctrines of Jesus were in the main identical with the 
primeval truths concealed under the ancient mysteries, 
and were indeed a full revelation of the esoteric teaching 
of the priests of On, yet to such a depth of degradation 
^ had the mysteries fallen, and more especially those prac- 
tised by the Greeks, that St. Paul in referring to the 
abominable obscenities of the worship of Diana (the Isis 
of the Egyptians), is moved to say “It is a shame even 
to speak of those things, which they do in secret.!’ The 
Ephesians who embraced Christianity, doubtless desired 
not so much an entire change of their religious belief, 
as they desired a further manifestation of the truths con- 
cealed under the mysteries, and thus many attempts 
were made to engraft Christianity on the rotten stock of 
paganism; for great was Diana of the Ephesians, and a 
Christianity that allied itself with the Great Father and 
Diana would have been readily received by the novelty 
loving Ephesians. Paul surely alludes to such attempts 
in the very opening of his Epistle to Timothy, “ Charge 
them that they teach no other-doctrine, neither give heed to 
fables (mythological tales), and endless genealogies (of 
the gods), and he also warns them to “ refrain from vain 
babblings.” But the internal evidence is strong t ] 
out both Epistles, of reference to the mysterie^^v^'.^ 
In the second Epistle, in allusion to the 
of Hymenaeus and Philetus, the Apostle excj 
is a faithful saying (logos)” — not a vain my 



fabled resurrection — “ if xve be dead with Him, we shall 
also live with Him.” These men had “ erred concerning 
the truth,” saying the “Resurrection was past already.” 
The doctrine taught in the mysteries being that the 
Great Father had already become incarnate, several times, 
had been slain, and been raised from the dead at each of 
his manifestations to other worlds. 

We now come to a most important passage, in which * 
St. Paul speaks of the mysteries of godliness. 

In the course of his charge to Timothy the apostle 
mentions “ The House of God,” and in the Epistle to the 
Galations, Paul speaks of the Church as the Mother of 
us all. How the Goddess who was adored in the mys- 
teries, was celebrated as the Great Mother, both of mor- 
tals and immortals, and she was also denominated the 
“ House of God,” and the pillar and firm foundation of 
the immortal world. 

St. Paul appropriates all these attributes of the 
Heathen goddess to illustrate the position of the Church 
of the living God, the pillar and firm foundation of the 
truth, and we shall readily recognize the strict application 
of the phrase immediately following — “for without 
controversy great is the mystery of godliness.” 

*We pass now to another subject, the mystery of ini- 
quity, drawn, it would appear, by way of contrast to the 
mystery of Godliness. The opening Chapter of the book 
of Revelations shews us the mystery which we have just 
been considering under another aspect, symbolized by 
stars and candlesticks ; while the latter chapters of the 
same apocalyptic book announced the mystery of iniquity 
as the harlot Babylon. We are able thus the better to 
recognize the same intended contrast elsewhere, and 
nowhere more clearly than in the passage which refers to 
the great Apostacy of the Man of Sin. In considering 
the prophecy of this in the second Epistle to the Thessa- 
lonians, the process of the initiation to the mysteries 
should be borne in mind. Lying phantoms and porten- 
tous apparitions flitted before the eyes of the aspirant ; 
their forms were strangely monstrous ; thunder and 
lightning marked their appearance ; loud bowlings of 
;asts -were heard. - At length when the aspirant attained 
Elysium, the God himself, illuminated with the most 
brilliant light was revealed, sitting in the very adytum 
y ^the temple. 


THE KNEPH. 


4 2 


The phraseology of Paul’s prophecy is borrowed from 
the orgies, “ That that day (the day of the Lord) shall not 
come except there first come an Apostacy, and that Man 
of Sin be revealed, the son of perdition ; who opposeth 
and exalteth himself above all that is called God, or that 
is worshipped so that he as God sitteth in the temple of 
God, showing himself that he is God.” 

Let the reader now glance his eye along the dark cen- 
turies of Papal power, and note the pageant of the ado- 
ration of the Pope by the Cardinals.* Quem creant odorant . 

When all is duly prepared, according to the gorgeous 
ceremonial of a Papal inauguration — when the imagi- 
nation of the spectators has been fired with the brilliant 
lights, with fumes of incense, with voluptuous music, a 
curtain is withdrawn, and behold the God ! the Pope 
sitting in the very adytum of the Temple, making the 
Lord’s table his footstool. Here he receives the adoration 
of the Cardinals, as God ! Quem creant odorant — “Whom 
they create they adore.” The good Shepherd, the Lion 
of Judah — the one who has the keys of Heaven and Hell 
— the Vicar of Christ, the Viceroy of God on earth — 
Our Lord God the Pope. Awful blasphemy both in 
word and deed, and stereotyped on the very medals 
struck on the coronation of Martin V, and from whence 
these titles are taken. 

Type and anti-type the same. The God of a perverted 
“ Solar myth corresponds exactly with the God of papal 
Apostacy, the Man of Sin indeed sits in the very adytum 
of the Temple. 

Pass we now to the Revelation — that Divine legacy to 
the Church — where the predicted return of paganism is 
more fully shown forth, and where the imagery employed 
is studiously borrowed from -an initiation into the old 
mysteries. 

In the prologue of this divinely drawn drama, the very 
language of the orgies meets our eye, for the wonderful 
apparition, personating an ancient Hierophant, claims to 
himself the keys of Hades, and of death, speaks of a 
mystery of seven stars, alludes to the opening and sliut- 
ing of a sacred door, and is exhibited as the first begotten 
of the dead. At the close of the prologue, when the 
drama itself begins (in the fourth chapter), a door is opened 
in heaven and a characteristic invitation given to come 
and hear. 

Passing over the various pageants unfolded to the 
Apostles under the opening of the seals — we come to the 
sealing of the saints, who had been perfected or initiated 
into the mysteries of the gospel. Here again, the allu- 
sion is manifest to the custom of sealing the foreheads of 
the initiated with a peculiar mark of the God to whose 
services they had devoted themselves. 

The silence in Heaven had its counterpart in the mys- 
teries. The book which is delivered to John, after the 
angel has fixed a time for the perfecting of God’s mystery, 
and which tastes like honey, recalls the medicated pre- 
paration of honey, which the Hierophant presented to the 
initiate ; but it is to the more terrific visions that we 
must now direct our attention. 

It has been noticed that the ordeal of the mysteries, 
involved a passage through darkness, lightened only by 
ghostly bestial apparitions — animals of horrid shape 
seemed to rise out of the earth, and with yells to 


spring upon the aspirant, and impede liis progress. The 
chief of these phantoms was a form of the deity Hades 
himself. This Great Father was indeed said to be the 
child of the sea, and to have floated on dry land ; he was 
likewise said to have been slain, to have lain dead for a 
certain space, and then to have been restored to life. 
To have been, to have ceased to be, and yet again be. 
Another figure of the Great Father was the serpent, some- 
times with a bull’s head, sometimes with seven heads. 
He was also designated by a number deduced from the 
arithmetical letters of which his name was composed 
(thus, Thouth — 1218). 

The Great Mother was commonly depicted as riding 
upon a bull, a lion, or a tiger, and was also celebrated as 
the Goddess of the sea. The attributes and rites of her 
worship were precisely such as might rightly indicate to 
her the title of Grand Harlot. In connexion with the 
infernal regions she was as Hecate, the offspring of Hell 
and Tartarus. Who then with the Eey of Mystery can fail 
to trace the imagery of Revelation ! Who will not admit a 
constantly intensifying contrast between truth and false- 
hood, between godliness and iniquity, between the mys- 
tery of the Bride of Christ and the mystery of the 
Harlot of Babylon. The whole picture of the apocalyptic 
Harlot on the beast has been taken from the mysteries, 
and accordingly the very name of mystery was written on 
her forehead. 

The fabled lake of Tartarus is not forgotten by the 
inspired writer. Still denominating it (as in the mysteries) 
the lake of hell, he exhibits it as a terrific lake of fire, 
into which (after the manner of the heathen rites, when 
the images of the Great Father and Mother were plunged 
into the lake) the wild beast, the false prophet, and at 
length the serpent, are cast for ever. The Apocalyptic 
Hierophant, still faithful to his illustration, finally exhibits 
the new heaven, and the new earth as the counterpart of 
the fabled Elysium, into which the aspirant stepped after 
his doleful struggle through the infernal regions. No 
longer the gate shut, but twelve gates always open ; not 
the Oriental Amrita mock water of immortality, but a 
river of water of life ; not the heathen Hierophant, ad- 
dressing the initiated, but the Alpha and Omega himself, 
pronouncing blessing upon those who enter in through the 
gates into the City, and passing judgment upon dogs and 
sorcerers, and the profane who remain without for ever. 

Coux ompa , in the Eleusinian mysteries, were the closing 
words of dismissal, and the meaning is nearly similar to 
those employed in the Revelation, “ Amen, even so come.” 
So that in the conclusion as well as in the prologue of 
this divine drama, the contrast with the mysteries is 
strictly continued. 

The moral we would deduce from this short series of 
papers on the mysteries, is simply this — 

It has been often objected (and that by learned Breth- 
ren who ought to have known better) that the study of 
high grade philosophy has no practical use ; that the three 
symbolic grades of craft masoury contain all that a 
mason requires to know, and much more to the like effect. 
Well, be it so. We admit that craft masonry may con- 
tain latent within it much of the philosophy afterwards 
more effectually brought out in the high grades; but of the 
few writers on masonic science that we have had for a 


' > . <*<*.< jr.'r' J-iii. i fc 


THE KNEPH. 


43 


hundred years, how many, or rather how few have lifted 
the veil from the beautiful allegories and sublime symbols 
it is said to conceal. To the craft mason they remain 
veiled allegories still, and it is the special design of the 
antient and primitive rite to examine, analyse, and ex- 
pound this veiled allegory, and to trace its origin step by 
step backward to the fountain-head of all masonry and 
symbolic teaching — to Egypt, the cradle of science — the 
birth place of the arts. 

But beyond this, as an .aid to Biblical research, we 
attach the very highest importance to the vast collection 
of ancient dogmas and religious symbols, treated on 
throughout the various sections of the rite. 

How far these antient teachings agree with the myste- 
ries we have been describing, the members of that Bite 
holding its Council degrees can determine for themselves. 
It is sufficient here to remark that, whereas in the 
Eleusinian mysteries, as before described, we see them in 
a debased and most corrupt form, we have, by means of 
the Antienj; and Primitive Bite the privilege of contrast- 
ing them with the pure morality and elevated philosophy 
taught in the temples of Thebes and Memphis, when 
Moses lisped his childish lessons before the priests of On. 

If the present paper will induce the reader to examine 
more curiously the mine of unexplored wealth lying in 
our Council degrees ever ready to his hand, and armed 
with this key to search again for himself the Book of all 
books, he will find, we promise him, an ever increasing 
interest in the sublime imagery of the inspired writings, 
and he will no longer be open to the implied censure in 
the question put by Philip to the Eunuch, “ Under- 
standest thou what thou readest V’ 

Christian Rost 

* 


DESCBIPTION OF UNIVEBSAL HIEBOGLYPH. 

( Continued from page 84). 

Note 1. 

Osiris is slain by Typhon, who seizes him from an ambush ; 
Adonis through a sanguinarj' jealousy ; Elion by ferocious beasts ; 
Sommona Codon by a hog. Ormuzd is vanquished by Ahriman ; 
Nehemiah by Armilius, and he by the second Messiah. Abel is 
assassinated by Cain ; Balder by Hoder the Blind. Allyrotius is 
slain by Mars; Bacchus is tom to pieces by the giants. The 
Assyrians weep the death ofTammuz; the Scythians, the Phoeni- 
cians, that of Acmon ; all nature that of the great Pan. Zohalc is 
vanquished by Pheridoun ; Soura Parpma by Soura Manier ; 
Morasour by Dourga ; Pra Souane by Sommon a codon, against 
whom his son Thevatah revolts. Saturn mutilates and dethrones 
Uranus; Jupiter does the same with respect to Saturn; Agdestis, 
Atys, mutilate themselves ; Chib dies in fecundating his wife. 
Saturn immolates his son Jahud; Indra, Thevatah. Jesus dies 
on the cross. The Turks themselves celebrate the tragic (however 
necessary) end of Hossein. The Manichaens that of Manes, &c. 
In one word, in all cosmogonies, the principal legend turns on the 
death of an important personage, whose death gives birth to the 
Creator or Regenerator of the human race. 

Note 2. 

Apulieu8, who was initiated into the Egyptian Mysteries, makes 
Psyche to descend into Hades ; she succumbs to evil fate and dies — 
Jacebat immobilis et nihil aliud quam dormiens cadaver. Love 
resuscitates her and gives her immortality — Sume , inquit y et immor- 
talis esto. We see that this was the formal system of regeneration ; 
but all regeneration supposes an anterior death, moral or physical, 
and one is the emblem of the other. Christian religion presents to 
us the same ideas under the symbols of original sin, of the universal 


deluge, and of the last judgment, as destructive principles ; of the 
Ark of Noah, of the sacrifice of Abraham, of baptism, of the 
passion of Christ, and of the Eucharist, as regenerative principles. 

Note 3. 

We have repeated for some time that the word M — c is not 
Hebrew; it is an error derived from another error. Besides, we 
ought not to write it in one word, but in two words, MBh or 
MBa. 

The first two words, MBh, are formed (in Hebrew) and signify 
Aedificantis putredo — or filius putrificationis, from (two Hebrew 
roots). The latter two words, MBa, are formed (in Hebrew), and 
signify — Percussio interfectio aedificantis, from (two Hebrew 
roots). 

The first interpretation much resembles that which we commonly 
give to the word, and it conforms in a striking manner to the 
Masonic legend. The second will not appear less natural to those 
who know the truth concealed under the Masonic emblems. For, 
under all the known legends of the “ Children of the Widow,” the 
Master may be termed the Son of death, of which putrefaction is 
the emblem and the resultant, as it is, at the same time, the prin- 
ciple, of life and the necessary condition to the development of all 
beings. Finally, the third interpretation to which we think 
preference ought to be given, is in perfect accord with the tragic 
end of Hiram, and it is that which has been adopted by the Rose 
Croix of Herodim of Kilwinning. 

But we repeat, M — a is so far Hebrew that this word is found 
employed as a man’s proper name in the Paralipomenes (liv. 1, 
62, v. 49) ; in Chapter 12, v. 13, we find also as another 

name of man, which has the same roots and the same signification. 

The letters M.B., as we know, receive several other interpreta- 
tions according to the grade. 


44 


THE KNEPH. 


THE VOLUME OF THE SACRED LAW. 

From a forthcoming Volume entitled “ A Hundred 
Masonic Sonnets,” by Bro. George Markham Tweddkll. 
Thanks for this record of the Sacred Laws, 

To teach us two-fold duties to fulfil — 

To bow ourselves obedient to the will 
Of Him we worship as the Great First Cause, 

At Whose creative fiat all things sprung : 

Our first great duty. Next, to love our Brother, — 

To teach and raise and cherish one another, 

Whate’er our creed or clime. When Earth was young, 
These duties were the same, and will remain, 

Binding on all, till Time shall be no more. 

Then let our thoughts and words be pure, before 
They bourgeon jnto actions — sorrow, pain, 

Will then be little known, and Earth will be 
A Paradise of joy and purity. 

Unto the Volume of the Sacred Law 
Tack not thy fancies, nor thy church’s creed, 

To force on other minds ; for much we need 
Freedom of thought, in order to lay low 
Those foolish hatreds which have kept apart 
Men who should love as Brothers ! Strike a blow 
At Bigotry, if we would ever know 
True Brotherhood, — its deathblow ; for the heart 
Of Man frrrn?d_.to l ove, not ha t e, his kin d. 


Adam, who was the first Mason, and created for him the finest 
lodge in the world, and called it Paradise No. 1. He then called 
all the beasts of the field and Jowls of the air to pass before Adam, 
for him to name them, which was a piece of work he had to do 
alone, that no confusion might thereafter arise from Eve, who He 
knew would make trouble was she allowed to participate in it, 
if He created her beforehand. Adam being fatigued with his first 
task fell asleep, and when he awoke found Eve in the lodge with 
him. Adam, being senior warden, placed Eve as the pillar of 
beauty in the south, and they received their instructions from the 
Grand Master in the east, and when finished, she immediately 
called the craft from labour to refreshment. Instead of attending 
to the duties of her office as she ought, she left her station, violated her 
obligation, and let in an expelled Mason who had no business there, 
and went around with him, leaving Adam to look after the jewels. 
This fellow had been expelled from the Grand Lodge, with several 
others, some time before. Finding that Eve was no longer trust- 
worthy, and that she had caused Adam to neglect his duty, and 
had let one in whom he had expelled, the Grand Master closed the 
lodge and turned them out, setting a faithful tyler to guard the 
door with a flaming sword. Adam repented of his folly and went 
to work like a man and a good Mason, in order to get reinstated 
again. Not so with Eve ! She got angry about it, and commenced 
rising Cain, and did it again when she got Abel. Adam, on account 
of his reformation, was permitted to establish lodges and work in 
the degrees, and while Eve was allowed to join him irf his works of 
charity on the outside, she was never again permitted to assist in 
the regular work of the craft. Hence the reason why a woman 
cannot become an inside Mason. 


ftofe tu Correspondents. 

To facilitate information as to the reception of Master Masons in 
good standing into the A. and P. Rite, enquiries may be made 
either personally or by letter — 

In Manchester, of the Sov. Gd. Master Genl., Bro. John Yarker, 
33°, 96, the “Poplars,” Burton-road, Withington, Manchester. 
In London, of the Gd. Trea. Genl., Bro. J. H. South wood, 33°, 98, 
Houndsditch ; or of the Gd. Sec. Genl., Bro. James Hill', 33°, 

9, Charnock Road, Clapton. 

In Dublin, of the Gd. Expert Genl., Bro. Dr. Davies, 33°, 10, Lr. 
Sackville-street. 

In Liverpool, of the Gd. Chancellor Gen. B. Joseph Hawkins, 33° 
Sunnyside, Roby. 

In Limerick, of the Gd. Inspector Genl. Bro. C. Monck Wilson, 
33°, Rose Villa, North Strand. 

In Glasgow, of the Gd. Examiner Genl., Bro. T. M. Campbell, 33°, 

10, Carrick-street. 

In Burnley, Lancashire, of the Gd. Administrator Genl., Bro. S. P. 
Leather, 33°. 

In Havant, Hants, of the Gd. Keeper of the Golden Book, Bro. 

Jabez N. Hillman, 33°, Bedhampton. 

In Paris, of Bro. A. 0. Munro, 32°, 77, Rue de Rivoli. 

In Calcutta, E. I., of 111. Bro. P. C. Dutt, 32°, 14, Seeteram 
Ghose’s-street. 


NOTICE TO SECRETARIES. 

To lessen the trouble attending the issue of certificates , 
all of which undergo their separate registrations , the various 
Chapters , Senates , Councils , and Mystic Temples , are 
requested to make their Returns to the Grand Secretary 
General at the close of each month , so that all certificates 
required may be issued together on the 1st day of every 
month . 


All Secretaries of the various Bodies under the Antient 
and Primitive Rite and other Rites working under the Sov. 
Sanctuary of Great Britain and Ireland , are particularly 
requested to send to the Editoi' of Kneph notices of their 
various meetings if possible before the 20th of each month 
for publication the month following . 


THE KNEPH. 


45 



London, June, 1883. 


^KclS^rE publish this month the first portion of an 
Official Pamphlet issued by the late Grand 
. ^ ‘’“ k Hierophant of the Order in Egypt. It is of 

importance in many ways, as will appear when the 
document is completed in our columns. It is also of 
great importance to our Irish brethren, as in it is con- 
tained the concordat between the Order of Memphis 
and the Grand National Lode of Egypt, and we 
publish this concordat along with the last of the 
Egyptian Treaties made between the various bodies of 
Masons in that country, for their sake in their contro- 
versy between the Grand Lodge of Ireland. It will be 
remarked that although the Order of Memphis in 
Egypt worked all the degrees, it has out of good will 
and friendship yielded up its jurisdiction over Craft 
Masonry in favour of the Grand National Lodge of 
Egypt, which it has thereby founded. It will be 
evident from this transaction that the Order of Mem- 
phis, Antient and Primitive Rite of Masonry, has no 
wish to exercise jurisdiction over Craft Masons, and 
in this it differs from the High Grades of Masonry in 
Ireland who have been the means of compelling or 
persuading the Grand Lodge of Ireland to commit 
very great and grave masonic crimes. In England the 
Craft Grand Lodge never interfere with the working 
of High Grades, nor does the Craft Grand Lodge of 
Scotland. It is well, however, that all Craft Masons 
in Great Britain should keep their eyes open and see 
that Grand Lodges in this kingdom are not manipu- 
lated in a mode similar to that in Ireland. It is 
already a well known fact that Masons in England 
have been informed that they never can hope to be 
appointed Provincial Grand Officers unless they resign 
connection with the Antient and Primitive Rite, and 
unless tolerant Craft Masons look well in time to their 
liberties, they may find themselves in leading strings 
before long, similar to our Irish brethren. We are 
not, however, without hope that when the members of 
the Grand Lodge of Ireland, the vast majority of 
whom are tolerant and charitable Masons, learn from 
the Egyptian Treaties how they have been deceived 
by interested persons, that they will make honourable 
amends to all our Irish Primitive brethren who have 
been subjected to such unmasonic persecution. 


OFFICIAL BULLETIN OF THE NATIONAL GRAND 
ORIENT OF EGYPT. 

Historical abbrigment of the grand national orient of 

EGYPT, AND ABDICATION OF GRAND HIEROPHANT, G.M., 

s. A. Zola, 6tli April, 1883. 

We, Salutore Avventore Zola, Grand Hierophant- 
Grand Master of Light, founder of the Nationa 
GrandJOrient of Egypt, &c., solemnly declare:— 


Having for more than eleven years been obliged to 
contend against the greatest difficulties for the purpose 
of founding, consolidating, and reorganizing the 
Antient and Venerated Oriental Rite of Memphis, and 
propagating it anew in the Valley of the Nile, its 
ancient cradle ; after having been legally and regularly 
elected to the post of Grand Master of the Sanctuary ; 
and then to the Sublime Dignity of Grand Hierophant, 
a dignity which was until that time vacant by the ab- 
dication of the 111 . Bro. Giacomo Stefano Marconis, 
an abdication which carried with it the dismember- 
ment of the Mystic Temple and Sanctuary of the Rite, 
which existed in Paris to the very end of 1866, as 
appears from the present following historical abridg- 
ment confirmed by documents deposited in our 
Archives. 

HISTORICAL ABRIDGMENT. 

As we all know, it is supposed that the order of 
Memphis was introduced into Europe by an Egyptian 
Sage named Ormus, converted by the Philosopher, 
Mark (called The Saint) to the School of Christian 
Philosophy. The Essenes almost at the same time 
founded the School of Solomonic Science, and held 
their meetings in Ormus. Its Disciples until iii8 
remained the sole depositaries of the Ancient Wisdom 
of Egypt, but at this epoch, it is presumed that it was 
communicated in part to several Knights of Palestine, 
who in 1150 arrived in Edinburgh, where there was by 
those Knights erected a Grand Lodge, and they 
adopted in their initiations those formula given to them. 
The Disciples of Ormus, it is believed, remained 
faithful to the ancient traditions. Others founded a 
new Rite. 

What is more certain is that in 1798, August, 
Napoleon the Great, and Kleber, although Masons, 
received initiation and affiliation to the Rite of 
Memphis from a man venerable by age, and wise 
in doctrine and habits, who, it was said was a descen- 
dent of the Antient Sages of Egypt. The initiation 
took place at the Pyramid of Cheops, and had a ring 
as its sole investiture, as a characteristic sign of 
their dignity. Napoleon, Kleber, and several officers 
of his army, founded here the first Memphis Lodge, 
1798-99. Napoleon as well as his Brethren had to be 
convinced that Masonry (that is the School of the 
Sages) had never been extinct in this land — cradle of 
mystery, and of human knowledge. It permeated the 
different classes of the Egyptian people, and under 
various denominations and formularies has always 
worked, and this very day work their Antient Mys- 
teries, which are also ours, namely of modern Masonry. 
Napoleon found a fruitful soil, and in it he caused to 
grow the germ of ancient wisdom, enriched with all 
the knowledge of the modern world, and reinvigorated 
by all the inspirations of a splendid future. 

Brother Samuele Houis of Cairo, having been 
initiated in the said Lodge, received in charge the 
Archives, then by political events placed in abeyance. 
About 1814 Brother Samuele Houis introduced the 
Rite of Memphis into France. 

The first Lodge was founded in Montaubon the 30th 
April, 1815 by Brother S. Houis, Gabrealle Matteo 






46 


THE KNEPH, 


Marconis de Negre, Baron Dumas, Marquis de 
Laroque, and Ippolite Labrime. Said Lodge is con- 
stituted under the distinct Title of Disciples of 
Memphis, the 23rd of May of that year. 

To be continued. 


( Continued from page 89, Vol. A r 0 . 12.) 

CONSTITUTION OF THE MOST SERENE GRAND ORIENT 
OF EGYPT. —SUPREME COUNCIL FOR EGYPT AND 

DEPENDENCIES. 

I. — Legislative, Administrative, and Executive Depart- 
ment. 

The Most Potent Grand Master, Supreme Head of the Order. 

The Most Potent First Grand Master Assistant. 

The Most Potent Second Grand Master Assistant. 

The Grand Council of the Most Potent Grand Master, composed 
of thirty members. 

II. — Dogmatic Department. — Independent Rites. 

The Most Potent Grand Master, Supreme Head of the Order, in 
his capacity as Sovereign Grand Commander (“ ad vitam ”) of the 
Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite, and as Grand Hierophant of 
the Primitive Rite of Memphis, President, by right over the Sec- 
tions of each of the two Rites, and can delegate to preside over 
each Section the Most Potent Grand Masters Assistant as his 
locum tenens. 

The Most Serene Grand Orient of Egypt, professing the Ancient 
and Accepted Scottish Rite and the Primitive Rite of Memphis, is 
constituted as follows : — 

1 . — The Supreme Council of the 33° of the Ancient and Accepted 
Scottish Rite, by virtue of a Patent of Constitution which emanated 
from the Supreme Council of the Grand Orient of Naples, since the 
4th September, 1864, E.V., with the Seal of Re-organization of 
7th September, 1864, No. 24, as well as a Patent of Constitution 
granted by the Most Serene G.\ 0.*. of Spain. 

n. — The Mystic Temple, the Sanctuary of Memphis, and the 
Sovereign Grand Council of the Grand Patriarchs Conservators of 
the Order, by virtue of a Patent of Constitution granted in 1863, 
No. 2005, from the Mystic Temple of Paris, authorized by the 
Grand Master of Liuht. 

The two above-mentioned Rites, independent of each other as 
regards dogmatic departments, possess two distinct Sections com- 
posed as follows ; — 


FOR THE ANCIENT AND ACCEPTED SCOTTISH RITE. 

Supreme Head, the Most Potent Sovereign Grand Commander. 
The Grand Dignitaries. 

1st— The Illustrious Lieutenant Grand Commander. 

, Secretary, Guardian of the Seals of the Huty 
Empire. 

, Treasurer of the Holy Empire. 

, Minister of State, Grand Orator of the Holy 
Empire. 

, Grand Master of Ceremonies of the Holy 
Empire. 

, Grand Captain of the Guards of the Holy 
Empire. 

, Standard Bearer of the Guards of the Holy 
Empire. 

, Sword Bearer of the Holy Empire. 

, Grand Almoner of the Holy Empire. 


2nd 

3rd 
4 th 

5th 

6th 

7th 

8th 

9th 


FOR THE PRIMITIVE RITE OF MEMPHIS. 

A. The Dignitaries of the Mystic Temple. 

1st — Illustrious Grand Hierophant, Sacred Depository of the 
Traditions. 

2nd The Sublime Grand Chancellor. 

3rd H lie Sublime Magus 'I he Head of the Scientific Section. 

>> >> The Great Interpreter of the Traditions. 

, J * l II. >> »» 'I lie Grand Conservator of the Rite. 

>> >> 1 lie Master of the Mystic Section. 

7tl1 n n The Grand Inspector General of the 

Examiners of the Order. 


B. Dignitaries of the Sanctuary of Memphis. 

1st — Illustrious Grand Master, Head of the Government of 
the Order. 

2nd — Illustrious Patriarch Sublime (Odos) Orator. 


3rd 

4th 

5th 

6th 

7th 


(Edda) Secretary. 

(Zacoris) Treasurer. 

Legislator. | 

Custodian of the Seal. 

Imperial Controller-General. 

of the 


C. Sovereign Grand Administrative Council General 

Order of the 94°. 

D. Grand College of the Sublime Examiners of the Ordor 93°. 

E. Illustrious Supreme Tribunal of Grand Defender of the Order 

92°. 


F. Grand Areopagus of the Grand Inspector of the Order 91°. 

Besides the two Rites professed, the Most Serene Grand 0.*. of 
Egypt tolerates all recognised Rites, which by their programmes, 
respect its independence. 

The works of the Grand Orient of Egypt at present are limited 
to the first three Symbolic Degrees which have Lodges working 
under t lie Rite of Memphis and of the Ancient and Accepted 
Scottish Rite. 


The Illustrious Grand Hierophant Grand Master, 

S. A. Zola, 
33.\96.\ 


The Illustrious Second Grand Master Assistant, 

President of the Section of the Ancient and 
Accepted Scottish Rite, 

Domenico Siarrone, 33.*. 


The First Grand Master Assistant, President of 
the Section of the P.R. of Memphis, 

I. de Baukgard, 33. ‘.96.*. 
The Grand Secretary, 

F. F. Oddi, 33. *.95.*. 


N.B. — This completes the treaties of 1875. 


TREATY 

BETWEEN THE EGYPTIAN RITE OF MEMPHIS AND GRAND LODGE 
OF EGYPT, 

Which was in force on 1st February, 1S83 , the day the Grand 
Lodge of Ireland were officially informed no such document 
existed . 

In compliance with enactments of the Decree of the 8th of May, 
1876, promulgated by the Authority of the Illustrious and Potent 
Grand Hierophant, Grand Master of the Grand Orient of Egypt, 
Supreme Council of the Most Potent Patriarchs, Grand Conser- 
vators of the Oriental Rite of Memphis, and to carry out the 
decisions repeatedly discussed and adopted by the Most Serene 
National Grand Lodge of Egypt : for the purpose of maintaining 
now and for ever firm, unalterable, and lasting, the fraternal union 
which shall regulate the vitality and connections between the two 
Masonic Powers called to rule by different Systems the destinies 
of Masonry in the Valley of the Nile: in order that the progress 
of the respective Rites may be equally secured, and this without 
in the least injuring the rights which the Confederate Powers may 
acquire abroad : and in order to show forth moro openly their 
respect towards the homogenous Powers of the' same Rite with 
which they are in corresponding relationship of Friendship and 
Alliance. 

1 he Most Serene Grand Orient of Egypt, Supreme Council of 
Memphis, of the one part, and 

The Most Serene Grand National Lodge of Egypt of the Rite of 
Ancient Free and Accepted Masons of the other part. 

bor the said Powers the Supreme Heads of the same, in their 
name and in their present capacities and for their legitimate suc- 
cessors, agree to formulate, establish, and accept as by these 
presents they have formulated, established, and accepted the follow- 
ing— 

CONCORDAT. 

Article T. — The Most Serene Grand Orient of Egypt, Supreme 
Council of the Most Potent Patriarchs Grand Conservators of the 
Oriental Rite of Memphis and the Most Serene Grand National 


THE KNEPH 


47 


Lodge of Egypt of t he Ancient Rite of Free and Accepted Masons, 
are mutually considered, acknowledged, and declared Masonic 
Powers independent and sovereign. 

. A rtic le II. The Most Serene Grand National Lodge of Eo-ynt 
is the only Supreme Symbolical Authority not only for Dogma 
but for Administration : it governs and shall govern all the regular 
bymbolic Lodges which at present exist, or those that may in 
future arise in the Yalley of the Nile, and to it exclusively upper- 
tains the Degrees of Apprentice, Fellow, and Master. 

Article III.— The Grand Hierophant Supreme Head of the 
Oriental Rite of Memphis, here present and contracting, seeing that 
the Most Serene Grand Orient of Egypt, Supreme Conservators of 
the Most l otent I atnarchs Grand Conservators, had already sur- 
rendered m favour of the most Serene Grand National Lod^e every 
single right over the first three Symbolical Degrees in Egypt, and 
being desirous to contribute the more to the consolidation and pro- 
gress of the above-mentioned Grand National Lodge, declares for 
himself and for his legitimate successors to renounce, as by these 
presents he lias renounced and renounces his inherent rierht to 
initiate profanes into the Symbolic Degrees, this to be for the 
valley of the Nile only — that is, for Egypt and its dependencies. 

Article IV. This Most Serene Grand National Lodge of 
order to show forth its unbounded gratitude towards the 
Illustrious Brother, S. A. Zola, its founder and first Grand Master 
seeing that he also occupies for life the sublime office of Grand 
Hierophant of the Rite of Memphis, granted to him personally 
during his life, the right to ask and to obtain, at any time he 
pleases, the immediate initiation to the Symbolic Degrees of any 
profane whatever who is supplied with his written order to thal 
effect. Profanes proposed by the Grand Hierophant, S. A. Zola 
shall not be submitted to the formality of scrutiny and vote. The 

Lodge where they shall be initiated may accept them or not a< 
active members.. In the case of another Grand Hierophant, the 
prerogative (which the Grand Lodge grants this day to the Illus- 
trious and Potent Brother, S. A. Zola, “de facto et de jure’ 1 ) in 
Article Third, to be considered in force, in full vigour. 

Article V.-— Whatever dignitary of the Grand Orient of Egypt, 
Supreme Council of Memphis, may be desirous of visiting the Grand 
Lodge or the Symbolic Lodge, shall be fraternally received with 
the same honours granted to the corresponding Symbolic offices; 
but those honours shall not confer upon him any right or preroga- 
tive with regard to Dogma or with regard to Administration. The 
members of the Grand Orient Supreme Council of Memphis, who 
are not dignitaries, shall be fraternally accepted as Past Masters. 

Article VI. — A perfect reciprocity of fraternal kiudness shall 
he scrupulously observed by the Grand Orient Supreme Council 
of Memphis in all the Symbolic Lodges that it may possess abroad, 
as well as in all those ceremonies and festivals accessible to the 
first three Degrees. 


Article VII.** — The present Concordat, signed by the Illus- 
trious and Potent Grand Hierophant, and by the Illustrious Grand 
Chaucell or of the one part, and by the Dignitaries of the Grand 
National Lodge of the other part, becomes definitely accepted in all 
its parts by the two contracting Powers. 

Article VIII. — This document has been drawn up in dupli- 
cate, each of the Contracting Powers has retained one for its own 
Archives, and undertaken also the official publication of the same. 

Proposed, read, drawn up, and approved in the Annual Session of 
the Most Serene Grand National Lodge of Egypt, the 25th day of 
the month of May of the vulgar year, 1879. 

On behalf of the Grand Orient of Egypt Supreme Council of the 
Patriarchs Grand Conservators of the Oriental Rite of Memphis. 

The Grand Master Grand Hierophant, 

S. A. Zola, 97.*. 

The Grand Chancellor, 

F. F. Oddi, 96.*. 

On behalf of the Grand National Lodge of Egypt. 

On behalf of the Grand Master, 

D. D. Iconomopulo, 

Grand Master Assistant. 

Ralph Borg, 

Second Grand Master Assistant. 

Acting as Grand Secretary, 

Luigi Zaja. 


THE ANCIENT AND ACCEPTED SCOTTISH RITE. 

The following communication has reached the 
writer from America : — 

As the Supreme Grand Council, 33 0 , of Ireland, is 
simply a branch of the one at Charleston, America, it 
is very important that the Irish Brethren should know, 
the sort of people by whom they are led and deceived 
in Grand Lodge at Dublin, and I would suggest that 
you publish the circular as received, and send the 
number of Kneph in which it appears to all Irish 
Lodges. It was to obviate the effects of this fraud 
that the Antient and Primitive Rite was introduced into 
this country, and it may here therefore, similarly, call 
upor; all just and upright Masons to leave the unclean 
thing and come as recruits to its banners— Truth and 
Justice. A 

Prom the East of the Supreme Council of Sov. Gr ., Insp., Gen. 
of the 33rd and last degree of the Accepted Scottish Rite for the 
United States of America, under the G. G. of the Z. near the B.B. 
answering to the 42° 22 22" N.L . , and 5° 30’ 12" S.L. 

Boston, Mass, the 12tli day of the Hebrew Month, Adar, A.M. 
5643, corresponding to the 19th day of February, 1883, V.G. 

health, ability, power. 

To all Brethren of whatever degree of the Accepted Scottish Rite» 
wherever and whenever found upon the face of the earth. 

Be it known that this Supreme Council, organized in strict confor- 
mity to the Constitution and Laws[of the United States of America, 
and of the State of Massachussets, and having its See in Boston the 
Capital of said State, taking into consideration the unraasonic con- 
duct of some of the so-called Supreme Councils in deceiving the 
Craft, and obtaining money under false pretences, has, at a regular 
session, held in Boston on the 15th day of February, 1883, unani- 
mously agreed to the following Preamble and Resolutions , to be 
issued as a Declaration and Warning for the protection of all 
Freemasons, and the establishment and maintenance of honesty, 
goodwill, and fraternal feeling among all the Brethren of the Rite. 

Whereas the Members of this Supreme Council have long viewed 
with growing dissatisfaction the arbitrary, unjust and unmasonic 
conduct of the so-called Supreme Councils for the Southern and 
Northern Masonic Jurisdictions of the United States of America, 
presided over respectively, by Albert Pike, and Henry L. Palmer as 
M. P. Sov. Gr. Commanders, as well as the unfraternal and un- 
masonic spirit pervading said so-called Supreme Councils and their 
subordinate bodies, and have been led thereby to investigate the 
History of the Rite, and of its fundamental constitutions, and have 
become thoroughly convinced of the truth of the following 
propositions : — 

First. That the Constitution of 1762 for the Government of the 
Sov. Gr. Consistories is a mythical and spurious document; that it 
was never ratified at Berlin, and that its alleged ratification there 
is a mere pretence and a fraud, and a gross attempt to deceive con- 
fiding Masons. 

Second. That the ‘‘New Secret Institutes and Bases,” the 
“Grand Constitutions of 1786,” and the “Appendix” annexed 
thereto — all three documents bearing date the first of May, 1786 — 
are false, spurious, and forged documents, which were never signed, 
issued, or approved of by Frederick the Great of Prussia, as pre- 
tended; that Frederick the Great was in fact nothing but a Master 
Mason, and had taken no interest in Freemasonry for many years 
before his death. 

Third. That the pretended signatures falsely alleged to have been 
accidentally erased from said false and spurious documents, and 
represented thereon by asterisks, were, in fact, never attached 
thereto; and that the pretended signature of “Frederick” and others 
now appearing on said false documents are infamous forgeries, a dis- 
grace to the Rite, and a dishonour to any Mason who, knowingly 
supports their genuineness and legality. 

Fourth. That the first Supreme Council ever known was 
established in 1801, at Charleston, in the state of South Carolina, 
U. S. A. by. a few unauthorized peddling Jews; that said first 
Supreme Council, and all others emanating from it, and organized 


THE KUEPH. 


ANTIENT AND PRIMITIVE RITE OF MASONRY. 

(INCLUSIVE OF MEMPHIS AND MIZRAIM.) 

The degrees of this Rite are open to all Master Masons in good 
standing. It teaches the Fatherhood of God, the Brotherhood 
of Man, and the Immortality of the human Soul. Strictly 
unsectarian, it offers an intellectual treat of the highest order 
to the Masonic enquirer, whether lie be a literal student of 
Masonic history, or a philosophical seeker of abstruse truth. It 
forms a pyramid whose base is that Universal Craft Ma*onry, 
which has covered the Globe, its time-worn ascents are the 
Masonic virtues, its apex the seat of eternal truth. 

OFFICERS of the SOVEREIGN SANCTUARY, 33-95°. 

M. 111. G. Master-Gen., John Yarker, F.S.Sc. ; Chevalier of the 
Constantinian Order of St. George; 33-96°, 90°, P.M. of all 
Orders, Ft. Sen. G. W. of Greece ; P. Gd. Constable of the 
Temple, &c., &c. ; Hon. 33-96° in America, Egypt, Italy, 
Roumaniaand Canada; Withington, Manchester. 

T. 111. Gd. Adm.-Gen., Samuel F. Leather, 33-95°, 90°, P.M., 
P.M. Mk., P.Z., P.E.C., &c ; Pt. Prov. G. Chancellor of 
the Temple ; Burnley, Lancashire. 

T. 111. Gd. Keeper of Golden Bk., Jabez N. Hillman, F.S.Sc., 
33-95° 90°, P.M., P.Z., &c. ; Bedhampton, Havant. 

R. 111. Gd. Expert-Gen., Maurice L. Davies, Ph. D., D.D.S., 

F. S.Sc., 33-95°, 90°, P.M. P.Z P.E.C.P.M.W., &c., Hon. 33° 
Roumania, 10, Lower Sackville Street, Dublin, Ireland. 

R. 111. G.M. of Cer., Henry Meyer, 33-95°, 90°, P.M.W., 
The Limes, Upper Clapton, London. 

R. 111. Gd. Insp.-Gen., Charles Monck Wilbon, 33-95°, 
P.M., &c., Rose Villa. North Strand, Limerick, Ireland. 

R. 111. Bro. Thomas Lawrence Shaw, 33-95,° 90°, &e., &c., 
Pt. Gd. Inspec-Gen., College Bounds, Aberdeen, N.B. 

R. 111. Gd. Examiner-Gen., Thomas Mackell Campbell, 33- 
95°, 90°, P.M., P.Z., &c., 10, Carrick Street, Glasgow. 

R. III. Gd. Chanc.-Gen., Joseph Hawkins, 33-95°, 90°, G.M.L., 
Roby, near Liverpool. 

R. 111. Gd. Treas.-Gen., John Henry Southwood, F.S. Sc., 
33-95°, 90°, P.M., P.Z., &c. ; 98, Houndsditch, London, E.C. 
R. 111. Gd. Sec.-Gen., James Hill, F.S. Sc., 33-95° 90°,P.M.\V., 
&c., Hon. 33° Roumania, 9, Charnock lioad, Clapton, 
London, E. 

R. 111. G. Keeper of Sane. A. D. Lowenstark, 33-95°, P.M. &c. 

Honorary . — 

M. 111. Bro. Harry J. Seymour, 33-90° P.G.M.of America,N.Y. 
M. 111. Bro. Alexander B. Mott, M.D., 33-90° 90°, G.M. of 
America, 62, Madison Avenue, New York. 

MJll.Bro. Ferdinand Francis Oddi, F.S.Sc. Prof.,33-96°,90°, 

G. M., Sov. Sane., Cairo, Egypt. 

J3cfunrtus 

M. 111. Bro. General Guiskppe Garibaldi, 33-97°, Premier 
Mason of Italy, and M. 111. Imp. G M.G., and Grand 
Hierophant of the Confederation of the A. and P. Rite. 


la ep resell tailors. 

To America. — R. 111. Bro. Wm. Youngblood, 33-95°, G.-Ex., 
430 Notre Dame-st, Montreal, Canada. 
From America — „ J. H. Southwood, 33-95°, Gd. Tr., 98, 
Houndsditch, London. 

To Tunis, Africa — „ N. S. Cassankllo, M.D., 33°,G.M., Tunis 
From Tunis— ,, John Yarker, 33-96°, G.M, Withington. 
To Italy — „ Chev. Com. Giam. Pessina, F.S.>c,, 33- 

96°, G M. via Zuroli, 43, Naples. 
From Italy— „ J. Tarker, 33-96°, Gd. M. Withington. 
To Egypt— „ Prof.F.F.ODDi, F.S.Sc.33-96°,G.M.Cairo. 
From Egypt— ,, James Hill, 33-95°, Gd. S. G., London. 
To Roumania— „ Captain Constantine Moriou, 33°, G.M. 

Strada Morfu, 27, Bucharest. 

From Roumania — „ Maurice L. Davies, M.D., 33-95°, Gd. 

Expert, Dublin. 

To Canada — „ Robt Ramsat, M.D., LL.D., 33-96°, 

U.M., Orillia, Ontario. 

From Canada — „ Joseph Hawkins, 33-95°, Gd. Chanc. 

Roby, near Liverpool. 


Library. — As the formation of a library for the Antient and 
Primitive Rite is in progress, donations of Books will be thank- 
fully received. Brethren are requested to address their com- 
munications to Bro. John Yarker, Withington, Manchester. 


GEE AT BRITAIN 

dranlr Htgstir Sample. 

COUNCIL GENERAL, 32-94° 
PROVINCE OF LANCASHIRE. 


Chartered 16th June , 1S72. 

Gd. Master of Light III. Bro. J. Hawkins, 33-95° 


Orator ... „ 

Examiner ... ,, 

Annalist ... ,, 

Treasurer ... ,, 

Keeper of Rites ,, 
Ceryce or Expert ,, 
Hydranos or M. of C 
Conductor ... ,, 

Guard of Council , 

Deputy Repres. 


With its GRAND TRIBUNAL, &c. MEETING on 
SUMMONS of the UR AN D ANNALIST. 


Chas. James, 32-94° 

W. H. Quilliam, 32-94° 
Richard Higham, 32-94° 
Ohannes Andre asian, 32-94° 
Squire Chapman, 32-94° 
John Croll, 32-94° 

Richard Holt, 32-94° 

Tom Bradshaw, 32 94' 
Jonathan G rusty, 32-94° 

F. R. Mott, Sheffield. 

tho 


MANCHESTER. 

No. 2. — Palatine and Jerusalem. — Chapter, Senate and 
Council. 

B. III. Bro. J. R. Dobson, 30'. M.W. 

„ ,, G. A. Robinson, 30°, S.G.C. 

,, , a P. Tomlinson, 30°, Sub Dai. 

,, ,, Kiohd. Higham, 32°, Sec. 

MEETING at the GROSVENOR HOTEL, on FOURTH 
MONDAY EVENINGS, MONTHLY. 


No. 4. — Sirius. — Burnley. 

III. Bro. Tom Bradshaw, 32-94°, M.W., Manchester Road. 
(Not working.) 


LIVERPOOL. 

No. 7. — Lily of the Valley.— Chapter. 

V. III. Bro. Joseph Hawkins, 33°, M.W. 

„ „ Bower Wood, 11°, Sec. 

<§ranb Hljistir GDjentnk 

COUNCIL GENERAL, 32-94° 

Chartered July , 1882, 

METROPOLITAN. 

HELD AT 

FREEMASONS’ TAVERN. 

GREAT QUEEN STREET, W.C. 


Quarterly communications in JANUARY, APRIL, JULY, 
OCTOBER. 


OFFICERS. 


Gd. Mr. of Light 
„ Orator .. 

„ Treasurer 
„ Examiner 
„ Annalist 


Rt. III. Bro. 

ft tt tt 



ft ft rt 


„ Keeper of Rites 

Nt. , , , t 

„ Expert 

V. „ „ 

„ Conductor 

tt tt tt 

„ Mr. of Cer. 

tt tt tt 

„ Guard 

tt tt it 

„ Organist 

it it tt 

I)ep. Representative at Paris 


luutve at x airs ... 

for South of England 


J. H. Southwood, 33 
Henry Meyer, 33° 

J. N. Hillman, 33° 
Bernard Meyer, 32° 

K. K. H. Mackenzie 
LL.D. , 32° 

James Hill, 33° 
Thomas Francis, 32° 
Edward Harrison, 32° 
John Harrison, 32° 
Harry Trigg, 32° 
Louis Honig, 32° 

A. O. Mgnro, 32° 

Cor. G. Adames, 32°