1 00:00:04,337 --> 00:00:08,933 The English language contains dozens of words that describe the dog 2 00:00:09,743 --> 00:00:12,906 Yet none alone seems entirely adequate 3 00:00:13,380 --> 00:00:19,376 loving, loyal, devoted, amusing, spirited, tireless 4 00:00:29,329 --> 00:00:33,823 How they enchant us, delight us, brighten our days 5 00:00:34,501 --> 00:00:35,832 And how they work for us 6 00:00:36,636 --> 00:00:40,868 Down through history no other animal has served us in as many ways 7 00:00:44,411 --> 00:00:46,038 Called by one philosopher 8 00:00:46,279 --> 00:00:50,306 "the noblest beast God ever made," the dog is at work 9 00:00:50,550 --> 00:00:53,519 On farms and in pastures around the world... 10 00:01:01,494 --> 00:01:04,554 Across the forbidding reaches of the frozen North... 11 00:01:17,077 --> 00:01:20,535 As comrades on the battlefields of war... 12 00:01:26,086 --> 00:01:29,317 Seeking even the faintest scent of a buried victim 13 00:01:29,556 --> 00:01:30,386 Of disaster... 14 00:01:36,229 --> 00:01:38,254 Or a hiker who has lost his way 15 00:01:41,701 --> 00:01:45,865 And he is the devoted servant of he ill, elderly, and handicapped 16 00:01:50,410 --> 00:01:52,435 We will never know exactly how this 17 00:01:52,679 --> 00:01:55,944 unprecedented partnership came about or when 18 00:01:56,516 --> 00:01:59,451 But one story tells us: "In the beginning 19 00:01:59,686 --> 00:02:03,520 God created man, but seeing him so feeble 20 00:02:03,756 --> 00:02:05,314 He gave him the dog" 21 00:02:51,437 --> 00:02:54,668 Every year since 1877 a stylized 22 00:02:54,908 --> 00:02:57,172 ritual has been repeated in Manhattan 23 00:02:57,710 --> 00:03:02,738 the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show the world series of dogdom 24 00:03:03,683 --> 00:03:08,985 Some 2,600 dogs, all purebreds and prizewinners in other shows 25 00:03:09,189 --> 00:03:15,992 will compete. Westminster now welcomes 130 breeds and varieties 26 00:03:21,367 --> 00:03:24,063 There are 52 million dogs in the United States 27 00:03:24,304 --> 00:03:27,205 While some romp in the yard or sleep by the fire 28 00:03:27,440 --> 00:03:31,240 others are being carefully primped and primed to take home ribbons 29 00:03:32,845 --> 00:03:35,109 "Oh, Rhye, Rhye, Rhye Oh, Rhye, Rhye, Rhye 30 00:03:35,348 --> 00:03:37,839 What do you think, huh?" 31 00:03:38,084 --> 00:03:42,020 "Give me another kiss Good boy!" 32 00:03:45,825 --> 00:03:47,759 "You're a sweetheart aren't you" 33 00:03:49,929 --> 00:03:51,021 "That's $50.00 34 00:03:51,197 --> 00:03:52,755 That's a show special normally $79.95" 35 00:03:54,067 --> 00:03:55,034 "Low sodium 36 00:03:55,435 --> 00:03:57,232 A diet for your dogs an all natural diet 37 00:03:57,604 --> 00:03:59,094 No added preservatives colorings, or flavorings" 38 00:03:59,672 --> 00:04:00,536 "Oh, that ought to be great" 39 00:04:00,840 --> 00:04:01,204 "Okay. 40 00:04:01,441 --> 00:04:03,306 Try that out on him and if you live in Manhattan 41 00:04:03,543 --> 00:04:04,976 there's a store that delivers for you right on the bag" 42 00:04:11,618 --> 00:04:13,586 While most show dogs today perform 43 00:04:13,820 --> 00:04:16,220 no labor at all outside the arena 44 00:04:16,456 --> 00:04:18,424 historically their ancestors worked 45 00:04:18,658 --> 00:04:20,023 side by side with man 46 00:04:20,927 --> 00:04:23,361 In fact, our unique and splendid partnership 47 00:04:23,596 --> 00:04:26,258 with the dog began as a working relationship... 48 00:04:26,866 --> 00:04:29,767 as long as ten to fifteen thousand years ago 49 00:04:36,676 --> 00:04:40,112 Over the centuries many of their jobs became obsolete 50 00:04:40,613 --> 00:04:43,241 One that has continued is tending sheep 51 00:04:44,150 --> 00:04:47,051 In New Zealand, sheep outnumber people twenty to one 52 00:04:47,387 --> 00:04:50,379 and a saying goes: "No dog, no shepherd 53 00:04:50,890 --> 00:04:52,118 No shepherd, no sheep 54 00:04:52,525 --> 00:04:54,425 No sheep, no wool or meat" 55 00:04:56,062 --> 00:04:57,086 With dogs at their side 56 00:04:57,330 --> 00:05:00,197 New Zealand farmers now rank second in wool exports 57 00:05:00,433 --> 00:05:02,958 and are near the top in meat products 58 00:05:07,440 --> 00:05:09,499 Some of New Zealand's back country is so 59 00:05:09,742 --> 00:05:12,302 remote it is only accessible by helicopter 60 00:05:15,348 --> 00:05:17,475 The dogs may not like the ride 61 00:05:17,717 --> 00:05:19,207 but where the shepherd goes 62 00:05:19,452 --> 00:05:20,976 so goes his devoted dog 63 00:05:30,630 --> 00:05:33,292 Grant and Robyn Calder run a sheep 64 00:05:33,533 --> 00:05:35,398 station on New Zealand's South Island 65 00:05:36,536 --> 00:05:39,994 Grant is a champion breeder and trainer of sheepdogs 66 00:05:40,306 --> 00:05:43,537 in the tradition of his father and grandfather before him 67 00:05:46,145 --> 00:05:48,477 Much of New Zealand is mountainous country 68 00:05:48,715 --> 00:05:50,148 suitable only for grazing 69 00:05:50,917 --> 00:05:53,477 Without the sheepdog this would be wasteland. 70 00:05:57,190 --> 00:06:00,990 Working their 13,000-acre property with no additional hands, 71 00:06:01,427 --> 00:06:04,988 the husband-and-wife team herd 7,500 sheep. 72 00:06:05,398 --> 00:06:08,731 "It's really an unusual partnership that a husband 73 00:06:09,001 --> 00:06:10,992 and wife work a farm like this together 74 00:06:11,237 --> 00:06:13,102 But thanks to the dogs we can manage to do it 75 00:06:13,339 --> 00:06:14,567 Without them, we just couldn't do it 76 00:06:15,675 --> 00:06:19,372 "A useless farmer could come on to this place with my team of dogs 77 00:06:19,612 --> 00:06:22,638 and work out how to work them and actually make a living here 78 00:06:23,015 --> 00:06:25,779 But if you took my dogs away and left me on this place 79 00:06:26,152 --> 00:06:27,881 we would be broke in 12 months" 80 00:06:29,822 --> 00:06:31,255 "Here, pup, pup, pup, pup 81 00:06:31,491 --> 00:06:32,822 Come on, I have to give you a name" 82 00:06:33,059 --> 00:06:34,458 One of the two types of dogs the 83 00:06:34,694 --> 00:06:36,992 Calders breed is called a "huntaway" 84 00:06:38,264 --> 00:06:40,858 Grant begins training at about three months 85 00:06:44,670 --> 00:06:47,195 Huntaways work the sheep from behind 86 00:06:47,440 --> 00:06:48,998 facing away from the shepherd 87 00:06:49,409 --> 00:06:51,843 "That's the first signs of a pup starting to work 88 00:06:52,078 --> 00:06:54,911 is to go over there like that and chase those sheep 89 00:06:55,181 --> 00:06:56,842 If I put a string on that pup 90 00:06:57,083 --> 00:06:58,516 the noise would start coming 91 00:06:58,751 --> 00:07:00,343 and that's the makings of a huntaway dog 92 00:07:01,788 --> 00:07:03,653 "Two sheep over there 93 00:07:03,890 --> 00:07:06,757 Good boy, good boy" 94 00:07:06,993 --> 00:07:08,290 Even early in the training 95 00:07:08,528 --> 00:07:12,055 a simple tug of the string keeps this pup facing correctly 96 00:07:12,298 --> 00:07:15,563 "Good boy. Good boy, good boy, good boy" 97 00:07:20,006 --> 00:07:23,134 This six-month-old pup is learning not only 98 00:07:23,376 --> 00:07:24,741 when to bark but when to stop 99 00:07:25,011 --> 00:07:27,878 once the sheep obey him or the shepherd commands him 100 00:07:30,616 --> 00:07:31,548 "Will a go, Danny 101 00:07:31,784 --> 00:07:33,513 Will a go 102 00:07:34,020 --> 00:07:37,649 Good boy, that's good. Good boy" 103 00:07:40,626 --> 00:07:42,355 The second type working the 104 00:07:42,595 --> 00:07:44,995 Calders' sheep is called a "heading" dog 105 00:07:45,565 --> 00:07:47,999 They virtually never bark but control 106 00:07:48,201 --> 00:07:50,328 the sheep entirely with their eyes 107 00:07:53,539 --> 00:07:56,337 "She tries to mesmerize them 108 00:07:56,576 --> 00:07:59,670 She can introduce herself quietly 109 00:07:59,912 --> 00:08:02,244 looking straight into the sheep's eyes" 110 00:08:19,765 --> 00:08:22,563 Twice a year the Calders round up from the high country 111 00:08:22,802 --> 00:08:25,168 2,500 of their sheep for shearing 112 00:08:25,404 --> 00:08:27,634 to send to market, 113 00:08:27,874 --> 00:08:28,863 or in this instance 114 00:08:29,108 --> 00:08:30,541 to be dipped to protect their wool 115 00:08:35,014 --> 00:08:37,676 Robyn works on a high ridge and Grant is lower 116 00:08:37,917 --> 00:08:41,853 down as they and their ten dogs begin to pull the flock together 117 00:08:45,525 --> 00:08:47,823 Because sheep in New Zealand have no natural enemies 118 00:08:48,060 --> 00:08:50,995 they have never developed a herding instinct 119 00:08:51,430 --> 00:08:53,364 and therefore spread far afield 120 00:09:07,079 --> 00:09:10,640 The dogs are tireless and would literally work until they drop 121 00:09:11,317 --> 00:09:12,682 It's not unusual in the course of 122 00:09:12,985 --> 00:09:15,146 a day for them to cover up to 50 miles 123 00:09:17,189 --> 00:09:19,521 Over the years, man has channeled the dog's ancient 124 00:09:19,759 --> 00:09:23,627 hunting instincts into herding and driving behavior 125 00:09:24,764 --> 00:09:28,530 Ther shepherds command the dogs with words or by whistling 126 00:09:30,603 --> 00:09:31,729 "They're just basic commands 127 00:09:32,004 --> 00:09:33,369 A 'run' command (he whistles it) 128 00:09:35,007 --> 00:09:37,134 You want him to run slow, you can vary it... 129 00:09:37,476 --> 00:09:38,875 "...(he whistles) 130 00:09:39,712 --> 00:09:41,737 'Left hand' (he whistles) 131 00:09:48,854 --> 00:09:49,980 'Right hand' (he whistles) 132 00:09:56,228 --> 00:09:57,354 'Stop' (he whistles)" 133 00:10:01,634 --> 00:10:04,330 "When he's finished the job, you have two commands to call him off 134 00:10:04,570 --> 00:10:08,267 One's 'Well a go' and the other one is (he whistles). Well a go" 135 00:10:14,480 --> 00:10:17,074 "It's hard to believe how tough dogs are 136 00:10:17,316 --> 00:10:18,908 And on this property they work 137 00:10:19,485 --> 00:10:22,454 in extreme conditions in all types of weather 138 00:10:23,255 --> 00:10:26,224 Even with a dog in those sort of conditions 139 00:10:26,459 --> 00:10:29,019 everything might be against him 140 00:10:29,261 --> 00:10:33,095 He might have cut feet' he might have snowballs built up on him 141 00:10:33,332 --> 00:10:35,061 They will always try and run 142 00:10:35,301 --> 00:10:37,826 they will always try their best to do and complete 143 00:10:38,070 --> 00:10:40,766 the job that you've put in front of them" 144 00:10:43,209 --> 00:10:46,872 Like army sergeants on alert, the dogs keep the flock moving 145 00:10:47,747 --> 00:10:49,112 In one week's time 146 00:10:49,348 --> 00:10:51,043 the remarkable team of two people and their 147 00:10:51,183 --> 00:10:54,084 ten steadfast dogs have completed the roundup 148 00:11:04,397 --> 00:11:05,762 "A dog's work is never done 149 00:11:06,032 --> 00:11:07,192 And when he finishes on the hill 150 00:11:07,433 --> 00:11:12,268 he comes into the real hard work of slogging in the hot yards 151 00:11:12,505 --> 00:11:14,370 The hotter it gets, the more the sheep 152 00:11:14,607 --> 00:11:16,131 put their heads down and won't go 153 00:11:16,375 --> 00:11:20,243 And we tend to only work with one or two dogs in the yards 154 00:11:20,479 --> 00:11:22,640 so that we can alternate them 155 00:11:22,882 --> 00:11:25,715 so that each dog gets a turn because it is hot and dry 156 00:11:25,951 --> 00:11:27,316 dusty, dirty work" 157 00:11:34,193 --> 00:11:35,717 Because of the intense heat 158 00:11:35,961 --> 00:11:38,054 the tired sheep often don't want to move 159 00:11:38,297 --> 00:11:41,789 creating traffic jams in the tight confines of the pen 160 00:11:42,435 --> 00:11:44,835 To find the offenders the dogs simply make 161 00:11:45,071 --> 00:11:47,130 a sidewalk out of the backs of the sheep 162 00:12:08,294 --> 00:12:12,094 After a chemical dip for protection against external parasites 163 00:12:12,331 --> 00:12:14,390 the sheep will be set free to wander up to the 164 00:12:14,633 --> 00:12:17,568 high country again to graze until the next roundup 165 00:12:18,370 --> 00:12:22,033 And then, once more, when the shepherds head for the hills 166 00:12:22,274 --> 00:12:25,402 their canine partners will be by their sides 167 00:12:32,218 --> 00:12:34,743 "For us to spend a day on the hill 168 00:12:35,054 --> 00:12:36,078 horse and dogs 169 00:12:36,422 --> 00:12:42,190 the companionship and love and hard work that they give to us 170 00:12:42,428 --> 00:12:45,761 you could never receive from any other animal in the world" 171 00:12:48,467 --> 00:12:50,332 The New Zealand farmer and his dog 172 00:12:50,569 --> 00:12:52,503 have become a world-famous partnership 173 00:12:53,205 --> 00:12:55,765 Today, more than 200,000 such dogs 174 00:12:56,075 --> 00:12:57,872 are on the job across the country 175 00:12:59,445 --> 00:13:01,811 Probably the most photographed is this one 176 00:13:02,515 --> 00:13:04,881 a public tribute to the dogs that help 177 00:13:05,117 --> 00:13:07,745 keep the economy so vital and alive 178 00:13:18,063 --> 00:13:20,156 The origins of the domesticated dog 179 00:13:20,399 --> 00:13:22,230 lie shrouded in the distant past 180 00:13:22,735 --> 00:13:26,136 but it is generally agreed that the dog evolved from 181 00:13:26,438 --> 00:13:28,702 the wolf or that both share a common ancestor 182 00:13:29,775 --> 00:13:32,403 Wolves and dogs have the same basic anatomy 183 00:13:32,812 --> 00:13:34,803 physiology, and patterns of behavior 184 00:13:35,681 --> 00:13:38,377 and underneath the dog's domestic facade 185 00:13:38,617 --> 00:13:41,017 lie the instincts of a predatory hunter 186 00:13:42,888 --> 00:13:44,822 Wolves live and hunt in packs 187 00:13:45,524 --> 00:13:47,151 Unlike other meat-eaters 188 00:13:47,393 --> 00:13:50,851 such as members of the cat family that ambush their prey 189 00:13:51,197 --> 00:13:54,724 wolves stalk chase after, and run down prey 190 00:14:03,642 --> 00:14:04,973 However as the wolf quickly learns 191 00:14:05,177 --> 00:14:08,374 even with the cooperation of the pack 192 00:14:08,614 --> 00:14:11,105 he is no match for an animal as large as a bison 193 00:14:15,487 --> 00:14:18,456 The mainstay of the wolf's diet are animals 194 00:14:18,858 --> 00:14:21,850 the size of deer small moose, or elk 195 00:14:22,928 --> 00:14:25,328 Pack behavior is strictly regulated by a 196 00:14:25,564 --> 00:14:28,397 dominance hierarchy understood by all members 197 00:14:29,702 --> 00:14:32,500 In the dog, pack loyalty is basically unaltered 198 00:14:32,872 --> 00:14:35,363 even after thousands of years of domestication 199 00:14:36,542 --> 00:14:40,672 The main difference is the dog looks to man as leader of the pack 200 00:14:44,850 --> 00:14:48,081 Modern-da scientists have pondered why early man 201 00:14:48,320 --> 00:14:50,220 himself a flesh-eating hunter 202 00:14:50,489 --> 00:14:54,823 would have turned competitors like wolves or wild dogs into allies 203 00:14:57,096 --> 00:14:59,189 Animal behaviorist Dr. Michael Fox 204 00:14:59,431 --> 00:15:02,730 one of the world's leading experts on wolves and dogs 205 00:15:03,002 --> 00:15:06,438 has one explanation for how the partnership may have begun 206 00:15:09,008 --> 00:15:13,411 "I feel that dogs and humans came together 207 00:15:13,712 --> 00:15:17,648 because of their similarity in lifestyles 208 00:15:17,883 --> 00:15:20,750 to the degree that we hunted in small packs 209 00:15:21,020 --> 00:15:22,248 we were gatherer-hunters 210 00:15:22,488 --> 00:15:25,389 and the dog-wolf ancestor was like that too" 211 00:15:25,624 --> 00:15:30,027 "And it's quite probable that the early hunting societies found 212 00:15:30,262 --> 00:15:32,457 that dogs were pretty good allies 213 00:15:32,698 --> 00:15:34,427 if they were properly socialized to help locate 214 00:15:34,667 --> 00:15:37,830 and even ambush prey" 215 00:15:44,944 --> 00:15:47,242 "Dogs, in their long association with us 216 00:15:47,479 --> 00:15:49,606 have powers of manipulation" 217 00:15:50,716 --> 00:15:53,446 "In one sense we have domesticated them 218 00:15:53,686 --> 00:15:55,085 but they have domesticated us too 219 00:15:55,321 --> 00:15:57,881 We have the situation where the dog will come up 220 00:15:58,123 --> 00:16:01,058 and just look at you and look at you and you have to feed it 221 00:16:01,327 --> 00:16:03,522 The dog knows how to touch your heart 222 00:16:03,762 --> 00:16:05,593 They have a power in the eye" 223 00:16:05,998 --> 00:16:07,989 "Some people think that their dogs have ESP 224 00:16:08,233 --> 00:16:10,394 that they know what you're feeling and thinking 225 00:16:10,669 --> 00:16:13,399 But they are acute observers of our body language depressed happy 226 00:16:13,739 --> 00:16:17,266 or anxious and reading all that all the time... 227 00:16:17,509 --> 00:16:21,036 "...because that's how they communicate with each other too" 228 00:16:23,482 --> 00:16:25,746 In finding out about each other and the rest of the world 229 00:16:26,051 --> 00:16:28,451 smell is the dog's primary tool 230 00:16:29,455 --> 00:16:31,650 It is said their ability to smell is at least 231 00:16:31,890 --> 00:16:33,983 500 times greater than our own 232 00:16:34,660 --> 00:16:37,356 Their hearing too, is better than ours 233 00:16:37,596 --> 00:16:40,064 but they see less well and are colorblind 234 00:16:44,036 --> 00:16:46,834 There are 350 recognized breeds of dogs in the world 235 00:16:47,072 --> 00:16:50,041 Regardless of outward differences 236 00:16:50,275 --> 00:16:55,076 they are all the same species, Canis familiaris 237 00:16:55,881 --> 00:16:58,509 Their wide diversity in appearance can often be 238 00:16:58,751 --> 00:17:01,549 explained by the work humans have bred dogs to do 239 00:17:02,521 --> 00:17:05,046 In the language of his native Germany 240 00:17:05,290 --> 00:17:06,780 dachshund means "badger dog" 241 00:17:07,192 --> 00:17:10,423 His short, stubby legs and narrow body made him 242 00:17:10,662 --> 00:17:13,028 ideal for squeezing into burrows after prey 243 00:17:15,401 --> 00:17:18,336 Terriers, too, were bred small and low to the ground 244 00:17:18,871 --> 00:17:21,396 so they could plunge into dark 245 00:17:21,640 --> 00:17:23,540 holes in pursuit of rats or foxes 246 00:17:23,876 --> 00:17:27,778 The name terrier comes from the Latin word terra, or earth 247 00:17:36,755 --> 00:17:38,620 Whippets and greyhounds are long-legged 248 00:17:38,857 --> 00:17:41,985 and sleek because they were bred for hunting and racing 249 00:17:48,734 --> 00:17:50,759 Firehouse mascots today 250 00:17:51,036 --> 00:17:54,005 Dalmatians were companions to charioteers in ancient times 251 00:17:55,274 --> 00:17:58,209 In Elizabethan England they gained fame as coach dogs 252 00:17:58,610 --> 00:18:00,441 with a calming effect on the horses 253 00:18:03,148 --> 00:18:06,345 The regal chow chow boasts a 2,000 yearhistory 254 00:18:06,585 --> 00:18:09,952 in China as hunter and guard 255 00:18:11,190 --> 00:18:13,818 For centuries dogs have helped man hunt 256 00:18:14,293 --> 00:18:16,659 Today, we have made them highly specialized 257 00:18:17,763 --> 00:18:21,494 Pointers only point nose high, body frozen in place 258 00:18:24,002 --> 00:18:25,867 And retrievers only retrieve 259 00:18:26,105 --> 00:18:28,039 joyfully leaping into even frigid 260 00:18:28,273 --> 00:18:30,264 waters to bring back their quarry 261 00:18:35,681 --> 00:18:36,670 From predatory 262 00:18:36,915 --> 00:18:38,610 wild animals we have created 263 00:18:38,851 --> 00:18:40,045 regardless of breed 264 00:18:40,419 --> 00:18:42,580 the most adaptable and sociable 265 00:18:43,021 --> 00:18:44,750 of all domesticated animals 266 00:18:52,131 --> 00:18:54,326 It is not precisely known when we first put dogs 267 00:18:54,566 --> 00:18:56,796 to work as entertainers 268 00:18:57,169 --> 00:18:59,000 but one of the most famous 269 00:18:59,171 --> 00:19:01,696 adored by countless millions, is Lassie 270 00:19:06,411 --> 00:19:09,437 Bob Weatherwax, son of the original Lassie trainer 271 00:19:09,681 --> 00:19:12,013 is no preparing the seventh generation 272 00:19:12,251 --> 00:19:14,446 Lassie for an upcoming television series 273 00:19:19,858 --> 00:19:24,124 To get the seven dogs who have actually appeared on the screen 274 00:19:24,429 --> 00:19:25,953 Bob and Rudd Weatherwax had to breed more than 275 00:19:26,165 --> 00:19:29,726 200 collies to get just the right coloration, intelligence 276 00:19:30,002 --> 00:19:31,492 and temperament 277 00:19:32,437 --> 00:19:35,201 On screen, the Lassie character has always been a female 278 00:19:35,440 --> 00:19:39,137 but in reality all Lassies have been male collies 279 00:19:39,745 --> 00:19:43,875 because males tend to have a more luxuriant coat and greater stamina 280 00:19:45,317 --> 00:19:49,981 The Lassie legend began in the 1940s with a dog named Pal 281 00:19:50,289 --> 00:19:52,883 "Originally Lassie... MGM had their own collie to do Lassie 282 00:19:53,125 --> 00:19:56,424 It was a female dog, which is what Eric Knight wrote 283 00:19:56,662 --> 00:19:57,890 the story around because it had to have puppies 284 00:19:58,130 --> 00:20:01,622 And my father's dog was hired as a double dog 285 00:20:01,867 --> 00:20:03,425 and it was a male collie called Pal 286 00:20:04,169 --> 00:20:06,660 "And I think he knew that the other dog 287 00:20:06,905 --> 00:20:08,304 couldn't do this performance..." 288 00:20:08,540 --> 00:20:11,031 "...and they had a spot where Lassie had just 289 00:20:11,276 --> 00:20:12,607 come from Scotland back to England 290 00:20:12,844 --> 00:20:16,041 And he had to cross a river, and it's a nice scene" 291 00:20:20,485 --> 00:20:24,182 The genius of Rudd Weatherwax came through in this scene in 292 00:20:24,423 --> 00:20:27,551 which he taught Lassie to look naturally exhausted 293 00:20:27,793 --> 00:20:29,420 as if it weren't a trick at all 294 00:21:09,735 --> 00:21:11,362 "Come on, crawl" 295 00:21:11,637 --> 00:21:14,504 The mind of the dog, no mater how bright he may be 296 00:21:14,740 --> 00:21:17,300 cannot conceptualize "look tired" 297 00:21:17,909 --> 00:21:21,401 But the dog can obey a series of off-screen commands 298 00:21:21,647 --> 00:21:23,478 given in a specific order that result 299 00:21:23,715 --> 00:21:26,115 in the tired look the audience sees 300 00:21:26,785 --> 00:21:32,087 "Speak. Stay, stay. That's the boy. Stay" 301 00:21:32,224 --> 00:21:33,782 Compared to many dogs that bring 302 00:21:34,059 --> 00:21:35,924 a large measure of instinct to their work 303 00:21:36,161 --> 00:21:39,130 dog actors start out as a blank slate 304 00:21:39,364 --> 00:21:40,797 Because they are intelligent 305 00:21:41,066 --> 00:21:42,693 they are capable of learning 306 00:21:43,235 --> 00:21:44,395 The motivation to learn 307 00:21:44,636 --> 00:21:48,037 the willingness to behave in such un-doglike ways 308 00:21:48,573 --> 00:21:52,236 is based simply on the dog's desire for human praise 309 00:21:53,178 --> 00:21:55,612 "Dog is man's best friend' I figure the most domesticated 310 00:21:55,847 --> 00:21:57,644 of all animals and they want to please us 311 00:21:57,883 --> 00:21:59,043 They want to be with man 312 00:21:59,718 --> 00:22:02,778 It's like A for effort' they'll give you that effort 313 00:22:03,021 --> 00:22:06,548 "All right, come on! Up! Up! All right 314 00:22:06,792 --> 00:22:08,089 come on over here, come on 315 00:22:08,527 --> 00:22:09,994 All right, take a bow" 316 00:22:14,900 --> 00:22:17,494 The earth's ice-locked polar regions could 317 00:22:17,736 --> 00:22:20,000 never have been explored without dogs 318 00:22:20,539 --> 00:22:24,202 In the early 1900s sled dog teams brought Peary to 319 00:22:24,443 --> 00:22:27,003 the North Pole and Amundsen to the South 320 00:22:28,480 --> 00:22:30,277 When northern regions were settled 321 00:22:30,515 --> 00:22:32,881 dogs became an essential part of life 322 00:22:33,785 --> 00:22:36,652 Until the advent of airplanes and snowmobiles 323 00:22:36,888 --> 00:22:40,119 dogs alone transported mail and supplies 324 00:22:40,359 --> 00:22:43,294 pulled sleds, took hunters in search of prey 325 00:22:44,796 --> 00:22:48,232 Today in Alaska, the pioneering spirit of that earlier times 326 00:22:48,467 --> 00:22:52,096 is celebrated in a grueling 1,100-mile race 327 00:22:53,105 --> 00:22:54,868 Beginning in Anchorage and ending in Nome 328 00:22:55,107 --> 00:22:57,541 it covers a distance roughly the same 329 00:22:57,776 --> 00:22:59,767 as from Seattle to Los Angeles 330 00:23:04,416 --> 00:23:07,749 lts name, Iditarod, is said to come from the trail that 331 00:23:08,019 --> 00:23:12,183 was once the lifeline linking far-flung villages in the interior 332 00:23:13,258 --> 00:23:15,419 Two-time champion of what is called the 333 00:23:15,627 --> 00:23:19,654 "last great race on earth" is 33-year-old Susan Butcher 334 00:23:20,165 --> 00:23:23,032 A world-class athlete and now a celebrity 335 00:23:23,268 --> 00:23:26,362 she is going for an unprecedented third consecutive win 336 00:23:27,272 --> 00:23:29,433 She hopes to beat her 11-day record 337 00:23:29,674 --> 00:23:32,302 and take home the $30,000 first prize 338 00:23:36,481 --> 00:23:38,449 "Five minutes until we drop? Yeah." 339 00:23:43,822 --> 00:23:46,552 "I've been racing in the Iditarod for ten years now 340 00:23:46,792 --> 00:23:51,456 And I think over all the years I've been basically in the top ten 341 00:23:51,696 --> 00:23:56,656 and I think that all comes from my training ability 342 00:23:56,902 --> 00:23:59,769 with the dogs and the time that I spend with them 343 00:24:00,005 --> 00:24:01,404 and the conditioning that I put on them 344 00:24:01,640 --> 00:24:03,369 And then the rest has to be up to the dogs 345 00:24:03,608 --> 00:24:06,441 I've got good dogs and I bred them and raised 346 00:24:06,678 --> 00:24:09,579 them purely for long-distance racing" 347 00:24:13,118 --> 00:24:16,576 Many observers feel that the time Susan spends with her dogs 348 00:24:16,822 --> 00:24:22,226 and the affection she lavishes on them are key elements of her success 349 00:24:24,930 --> 00:24:27,763 Fifty-three teams will leave at two-minute intervals 350 00:24:28,033 --> 00:24:32,436 "Ten, nine, eight, seven, six, five, four, three, two, one, go" 351 00:24:35,140 --> 00:24:35,629 "All right" 352 00:24:56,194 --> 00:24:57,684 "Over the years I've really seen that dogs love to 353 00:24:57,929 --> 00:25:00,523 race and know what it's all about 354 00:25:00,799 --> 00:25:02,528 When they see a team in front of them 355 00:25:02,767 --> 00:25:05,634 they'll pick up their pace and want to pass around them 356 00:25:06,171 --> 00:25:08,867 And what I found out is they know then 357 00:25:09,107 --> 00:25:10,734 when there's no other team in front of them 358 00:25:11,009 --> 00:25:12,499 because there's no dog scent on the trail" 359 00:25:21,386 --> 00:25:24,446 In 1975 when she moved to America's last frontier 360 00:25:24,689 --> 00:25:27,817 the adventuresome 20-year-old first lived in a tent 361 00:25:28,059 --> 00:25:31,153 then single-handedly built a log cabin 362 00:25:33,798 --> 00:25:35,629 She was 30 miles from her nearest neighbors 363 00:25:35,867 --> 00:25:38,392 50 miles from the nearest road 364 00:25:39,037 --> 00:25:40,595 She started out with only three dogs 365 00:25:41,673 --> 00:25:44,073 and today has a breeding kennel with 130 366 00:25:47,212 --> 00:25:49,544 Susan raises only Alaskan Huskies 367 00:25:49,781 --> 00:25:52,443 a line bred from Eskimo and Indian dogs 368 00:25:55,086 --> 00:25:57,213 "Well, I changed the teams around today, David" 369 00:25:57,722 --> 00:26:00,520 "Susan runs Trail Breaker Kennel with her husband 370 00:26:00,825 --> 00:26:03,191 David Monson, himself a champion racer 371 00:26:03,995 --> 00:26:06,122 "I was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts 372 00:26:06,364 --> 00:26:08,264 but I've always felt I was born in the 373 00:26:08,500 --> 00:26:10,365 wrong century and in the wrong place 374 00:26:10,802 --> 00:26:12,770 And so I kept moving north and west 375 00:26:13,204 --> 00:26:15,968 And I've always loved animals and they've 376 00:26:16,141 --> 00:26:17,608 been the most important thing in my life 377 00:26:17,842 --> 00:26:19,969 And so I was looking to incorporate living 378 00:26:20,178 --> 00:26:22,738 in the wilderness and working with dogs 379 00:26:23,014 --> 00:26:24,106 and I found the perfect thing" 380 00:26:28,186 --> 00:26:32,816 "How's your baby. How are they? Hi, guys. Heigh-o" 381 00:26:33,058 --> 00:26:35,356 In the early days of sled-dog racing 382 00:26:35,594 --> 00:26:38,222 breeding was often a haphazard mater 383 00:26:38,463 --> 00:26:40,658 But Susan Butcher knows that good racing 384 00:26:40,899 --> 00:26:43,732 dogs don't just happen without careful planning 385 00:26:44,803 --> 00:26:49,433 "Every summer I raise a number of puppies-between 50 and 100 pups 386 00:26:49,674 --> 00:26:53,872 And I'll pick out two of my best dogs 387 00:26:54,112 --> 00:26:56,103 Usually if I have a very fast dog 388 00:26:56,348 --> 00:26:59,374 but maybe it doesn't have a good enough coat 389 00:26:59,618 --> 00:27:00,846 I'll breed it to one with a good coat 390 00:27:01,086 --> 00:27:03,020 "But the most important thing is that they 391 00:27:03,254 --> 00:27:07,213 have bred into them the desire to pull and the desire to travel" 392 00:27:12,263 --> 00:27:13,753 And travel they do 393 00:27:13,999 --> 00:27:16,991 every day, with either Susan or her dog handler 394 00:27:17,902 --> 00:27:19,529 These four-month-old pups are learning that running 395 00:27:20,005 --> 00:27:23,372 that running is fun and that being with people is fun 396 00:27:46,064 --> 00:27:47,622 "There's a lot of mushers that don't really like 397 00:27:47,866 --> 00:27:51,131 to make their dogs into pet dogs 398 00:27:51,436 --> 00:27:54,371 and feel that they have to keep them very separated 399 00:27:54,606 --> 00:27:56,096 to make them a working animal only 400 00:27:56,641 --> 00:27:59,974 But I feel that the best thing that you can do 401 00:28:00,211 --> 00:28:03,237 with a dog is to really bond them to yourself 402 00:28:04,149 --> 00:28:06,049 So we're just trying to teach them to 403 00:28:06,284 --> 00:28:10,015 respect us and trust us and vice versa 404 00:28:10,321 --> 00:28:12,346 I have to trust my life in their hands all the time 405 00:28:12,590 --> 00:28:14,785 and they should learn to trust me with their life 406 00:28:15,160 --> 00:28:17,424 And then when you're out there racing 407 00:28:17,662 --> 00:28:19,630 that trust is what's going to make you able to win" 408 00:28:21,099 --> 00:28:23,624 "Are you going to be my next all-time best leader? 409 00:28:24,602 --> 00:28:26,832 Are you going to be my all-time best leader?" 410 00:28:27,806 --> 00:28:29,501 Every night Susan and David bring a few dogs 411 00:28:29,808 --> 00:28:32,800 into the cabin for extra attention 412 00:28:33,411 --> 00:28:36,244 It's done as part of Susan's training strategy 413 00:28:36,481 --> 00:28:40,383 but also because she quite simply adores her dogs 414 00:28:42,821 --> 00:28:47,724 "Every fall is a really exciting time for me and for the dogs 415 00:28:48,026 --> 00:28:49,994 As the temperatures get colder 416 00:28:50,161 --> 00:28:52,994 we just develop a certain excitement towards winter 417 00:28:53,198 --> 00:28:55,063 When it starts to get cold 418 00:28:55,667 --> 00:28:58,033 the dogs just start making a lot of noise 419 00:28:58,269 --> 00:29:00,760 running around their chains; they're just antsy 420 00:29:01,172 --> 00:29:03,299 They want to get going 421 00:29:03,541 --> 00:29:05,441 They just show me in many ways that they're ready to roll 422 00:29:05,677 --> 00:29:06,939 ready for the racing season" 423 00:29:09,714 --> 00:29:11,545 All the adult dogs are run three to 424 00:29:11,783 --> 00:29:14,274 four times a week throughout the year 425 00:29:14,519 --> 00:29:15,781 As with all athletes 426 00:29:16,354 --> 00:29:18,686 conditioning is vital to their performance 427 00:29:25,897 --> 00:29:28,730 When snow cover is too thin to be safe for the sled 428 00:29:29,000 --> 00:29:32,731 the dogs pull an all-terrain vehicle left in neutral gear 429 00:29:40,178 --> 00:29:42,237 To some 200 miles of trails, 430 00:29:42,480 --> 00:29:44,778 Susan adds new ones each year to 431 00:29:45,016 --> 00:29:46,813 keep the dogs from getting bored. 432 00:29:50,455 --> 00:29:52,582 "A lot of people would look at my life 433 00:29:52,824 --> 00:29:54,314 and think it's a lot of hard work 434 00:29:54,559 --> 00:29:56,322 But for me, it's a labor of love 435 00:29:56,895 --> 00:30:00,922 I spend all day long with my dogs and work with them 436 00:30:01,166 --> 00:30:05,125 And I'm my own boss; there's no one telling me 437 00:30:05,370 --> 00:30:07,429 what to do or at what time to do 438 00:30:07,672 --> 00:30:10,402 I live way out here where I can go anywhere 439 00:30:10,642 --> 00:30:12,041 and do anything at any time of day 440 00:30:12,277 --> 00:30:13,369 And I love that freedom" 441 00:30:14,612 --> 00:30:16,546 "The best things for long-distance racing 442 00:30:16,781 --> 00:30:19,079 dogs are a fast trotting speed 443 00:30:19,317 --> 00:30:21,717 and then they have to have good feet 444 00:30:21,953 --> 00:30:24,854 and you just want them to have a good attitude 445 00:30:25,290 --> 00:30:28,088 Their heads are bent and they're just going for it 446 00:30:28,326 --> 00:30:29,759 and they're paying attention to you 447 00:30:29,994 --> 00:30:31,325 and you're paying attention to them 448 00:30:31,563 --> 00:30:33,121 and you just are working as a team" 449 00:30:38,369 --> 00:30:40,337 Like a coach with marathon runners 450 00:30:40,572 --> 00:30:43,302 Susan gradually increases the length of the runs 451 00:30:44,309 --> 00:30:47,210 Her goal is 50 miles without tiring 452 00:30:48,112 --> 00:30:51,309 The dogs, never more happy than when on the trail 453 00:30:51,549 --> 00:30:52,538 joyfully oblige 454 00:31:12,937 --> 00:31:14,837 Twelve to sixteen hours a day 455 00:31:15,073 --> 00:31:16,768 the routine seldom varies 456 00:31:17,375 --> 00:31:20,071 The culmination in March: The chance to 457 00:31:20,311 --> 00:31:22,575 compete in the most punishing race on earth 458 00:31:26,551 --> 00:31:29,486 The mushers, as sled-dog drivers are called 459 00:31:29,721 --> 00:31:32,519 brave temperatures that can drop to 40 below 460 00:31:33,658 --> 00:31:36,786 Except for one mandatory 24-hour rest stop 461 00:31:37,228 --> 00:31:40,220 they may sleep only an hour or so each day 462 00:31:40,465 --> 00:31:42,490 and only after the dogs are tended and fed 463 00:31:45,169 --> 00:31:48,036 The route can be potentially treacherous at every turn 464 00:31:49,340 --> 00:31:52,468 In 1985 a moose attacked Susan's dogs 465 00:31:52,710 --> 00:31:53,836 forcing her out of the race 466 00:31:59,484 --> 00:32:02,783 On the last leg of the race along the frozen Bering Sea 467 00:32:03,021 --> 00:32:05,421 mushers encounter the most severe weather 468 00:32:09,327 --> 00:32:11,625 It is Susan Butcher's tenth day out and 469 00:32:11,863 --> 00:32:14,525 she is trailing as she has for most of the race 470 00:32:15,767 --> 00:32:19,498 Now, a violent storm has forced temperatures to plunge 471 00:32:19,737 --> 00:32:22,729 and swirling snow has obliterated much of the trail 472 00:32:23,574 --> 00:32:25,235 Both Susan and the dogs are pushed 473 00:32:25,476 --> 00:32:27,205 to the limit of their endurance 474 00:32:28,246 --> 00:32:31,010 The storm has thwarted her nearest competitors 475 00:32:31,249 --> 00:32:32,648 who have stopped to wait it out 476 00:32:36,321 --> 00:32:38,380 Undaunted, Susan Butcher charges on 477 00:32:44,862 --> 00:32:47,888 In Nome expectant crowds gather 478 00:32:48,232 --> 00:32:51,929 The ham-radio operator at the last checkpoint has reported 479 00:32:52,170 --> 00:32:54,035 that the first musher might reach the finish line at any time 480 00:33:03,214 --> 00:33:05,546 In 11 days, 11 hours, and 42 minutes 481 00:33:05,783 --> 00:33:10,083 a jubilant but exhausted Susan Butcher becomes the 482 00:33:10,388 --> 00:33:15,052 first person ever to win the Iditarod three consecutive times 483 00:33:22,533 --> 00:33:26,299 Susan is a full 14 hours ahead of any other musher 484 00:33:27,038 --> 00:33:30,007 Some will not cross the finish line for several more days 485 00:33:31,075 --> 00:33:33,635 Amazingly, Susan could have made even 486 00:33:33,878 --> 00:33:38,611 better time than she did if she had wanted 487 00:33:38,950 --> 00:33:40,383 but she put the safety and well-being of the dogs above all else 488 00:33:40,551 --> 00:33:42,519 "It was a matter of either go for a 489 00:33:42,754 --> 00:33:45,621 record competing against only Father Time 490 00:33:45,857 --> 00:33:48,485 and no other musher and possibly 491 00:33:48,793 --> 00:33:52,320 take more out of the team than I like to 492 00:33:52,563 --> 00:33:54,724 or just to take good care of the team 493 00:33:54,932 --> 00:33:58,163 and be well satisfied with a victory 494 00:33:58,403 --> 00:34:00,496 And I thought that sounded a lot safer" 495 00:34:04,008 --> 00:34:07,136 Susan and racing enthusiasts everywhere know 496 00:34:07,378 --> 00:34:09,869 the real tribute belongs to the bravery 497 00:34:10,114 --> 00:34:13,982 love, and indomitable spirit of these magnificent dogs 498 00:34:23,094 --> 00:34:26,586 On an ordinary street in an ordinary California town 499 00:34:26,831 --> 00:34:30,426 a drama anything but ordinary is quietly unfolding 500 00:34:33,371 --> 00:34:37,171 Seventeen-year-old Mike Knowlton was born with spina bifida 501 00:34:37,408 --> 00:34:40,434 a disabling birth defect of the spine that occurs in one to two out of 502 00:34:40,678 --> 00:34:44,170 every thousand babies born in the United States. 503 00:34:45,783 --> 00:34:49,310 "Good girl. Hi, girl. Yeah" 504 00:34:52,657 --> 00:34:54,852 Mike must be cared for by his parents 505 00:34:55,093 --> 00:34:56,526 Joy and Dale Knowlton 506 00:34:56,761 --> 00:34:59,286 for he is totally paralyzed from the chest down 507 00:35:03,234 --> 00:35:05,361 Mike walked on his own for many years 508 00:35:06,003 --> 00:35:08,801 Then, without warning, his condition worsened 509 00:35:09,907 --> 00:35:13,274 "The last time he was walking was right about here" 510 00:35:13,811 --> 00:35:15,574 "At that point in time he had to have support 511 00:35:15,813 --> 00:35:17,747 from one of us to move his legs" 512 00:35:19,750 --> 00:35:23,743 "When we were told he was paralyzed and a wheelchair 513 00:35:24,021 --> 00:35:25,989 was going to be with him the rest of his life..." 514 00:35:26,190 --> 00:35:29,591 "Michael went into a depression for about two years 515 00:35:29,827 --> 00:35:31,192 It was very hard for him to adjust" 516 00:35:32,029 --> 00:35:36,056 Now a dog has come into Mike's life and the depression has lifted 517 00:35:36,400 --> 00:35:38,265 Her name is Zest 518 00:35:38,669 --> 00:35:40,762 "Zest has made a major change 519 00:35:41,506 --> 00:35:42,803 If I didn't have her 520 00:35:43,040 --> 00:35:46,009 I don't know what I would do" 521 00:35:46,177 --> 00:35:47,769 "She just really helps me a lot" 522 00:35:49,747 --> 00:35:54,013 A unique organization called Canine Companions for Independence 523 00:35:54,185 --> 00:35:57,518 or CCI, brough Mike and Zest together 524 00:35:58,222 --> 00:36:01,749 Using dogs to guide the blind is a well known success story 525 00:36:02,560 --> 00:36:05,085 CCI pioneered the idea that dogs 526 00:36:05,329 --> 00:36:07,388 could also help the wheelchair-bound 527 00:36:10,334 --> 00:36:13,132 During an intensive two-week training program 528 00:36:13,371 --> 00:36:15,669 students master 89 commands 529 00:36:18,242 --> 00:36:21,006 For their safety as well as the dogs' and the public's 530 00:36:21,245 --> 00:36:24,544 they must gain total control over the animals' actions 531 00:36:25,550 --> 00:36:29,179 CCI instructors have spent six months training the dogs 532 00:36:30,154 --> 00:36:34,614 "All right. Good boy. Good girl. Get happy everybody" 533 00:36:34,859 --> 00:36:37,293 One of the most important jobs is retrieving 534 00:36:38,329 --> 00:36:41,230 "Look. Get it. Bring it here. Good girl" 535 00:36:41,465 --> 00:36:45,492 Keys are especially difficult because of their uneven edges 536 00:36:45,736 --> 00:36:47,897 and dogs dislike the taste of metal 537 00:36:48,306 --> 00:36:50,240 "All right! Good boy!" 538 00:36:50,775 --> 00:36:53,573 Because they will be going home to very diverse environments 539 00:36:53,811 --> 00:36:57,406 the teams are put into as many real-life situations 540 00:36:57,648 --> 00:36:59,582 as possible during the two-week course 541 00:37:00,418 --> 00:37:03,649 Today, on a college campus the dogs encounter some other 542 00:37:03,888 --> 00:37:06,721 dogs that at first they think are real 543 00:37:12,997 --> 00:37:14,965 "These are the kinds of things you guys need to anticipate 544 00:37:15,132 --> 00:37:16,156 know that it's going to come up 545 00:37:16,400 --> 00:37:17,958 These things happen all the time" 546 00:37:20,705 --> 00:37:22,798 Some in the class have driven in vans 547 00:37:23,040 --> 00:37:24,473 equipped with electronic lifts 548 00:37:25,176 --> 00:37:28,043 but none has had prior experience with a bus. 549 00:37:30,414 --> 00:37:32,541 For the dogs too, this is a first 550 00:37:32,883 --> 00:37:35,283 "Remember, this is as new for her as it is for you 551 00:37:35,620 --> 00:37:36,848 And even though it's new for you 552 00:37:37,088 --> 00:37:39,488 you have to portray to her that you're confident" 553 00:37:39,724 --> 00:37:41,191 "Yeah. Okay, Zest" 554 00:37:41,826 --> 00:37:45,262 "The most frustrating part was having them 555 00:37:45,496 --> 00:37:47,054 tell me to have the dog do something 556 00:37:47,431 --> 00:37:49,194 And the dog wouldn't do it 557 00:37:49,433 --> 00:37:51,594 and they wanted to tell me how to get the doh to do it 558 00:37:52,069 --> 00:37:55,004 But my biggest thing was would I be able to make it 559 00:37:55,439 --> 00:37:57,873 through the two weeks because I kind of had doubts" 560 00:37:58,476 --> 00:38:02,344 "No, Zest. Zest. Come on" 561 00:38:02,580 --> 00:38:05,481 "She should come to you 562 00:38:05,716 --> 00:38:06,842 not go around behind there 563 00:38:07,084 --> 00:38:08,745 She doesn't understand that concept" 564 00:38:08,986 --> 00:38:12,615 "Okay, Well, what do I do to get her to..." 565 00:38:13,090 --> 00:38:14,455 "You need to do what you need to 566 00:38:14,692 --> 00:38:16,319 take care of yourself and your dog" 567 00:38:17,561 --> 00:38:18,619 "I'll start over again" 568 00:38:19,697 --> 00:38:21,392 The sheer physical exertion would 569 00:38:21,632 --> 00:38:23,395 cause some to simply give up 570 00:38:23,901 --> 00:38:25,334 But Mike is determined 571 00:38:25,903 --> 00:38:28,269 Finally, he and Zest are successful 572 00:38:35,246 --> 00:38:38,010 Even for those with the use of their arms 573 00:38:38,249 --> 00:38:40,615 fatigue is a major factor that often keeps them housebound 574 00:38:41,419 --> 00:38:44,855 Dogs are a wonderful solution for they will pull tirelessly 575 00:39:07,111 --> 00:39:08,373 At the end of the two weeks, 576 00:39:08,612 --> 00:39:10,477 the last hurdle is the final exam 577 00:39:11,315 --> 00:39:13,340 Of the more than 300 teams that have 578 00:39:13,584 --> 00:39:16,610 gone through CCI since it began in 1975 579 00:39:17,254 --> 00:39:20,621 90% of dogs and humans have passed 580 00:39:26,163 --> 00:39:27,994 With well-deserved pride 581 00:39:28,232 --> 00:39:30,757 the class arrives for graduation 582 00:39:31,435 --> 00:39:33,960 threshold to their new independence 583 00:39:35,506 --> 00:39:37,974 "As you can see, this is quite a loving team 584 00:39:38,175 --> 00:39:40,473 And throughout their lives 585 00:39:40,711 --> 00:39:42,508 there's always going to be a lot of love 586 00:39:42,747 --> 00:39:44,237 and commitment on the part of these two 587 00:39:44,482 --> 00:39:46,279 Mike worked very hard in this class and so did Zest 588 00:39:46,517 --> 00:39:48,747 And congratulations to both of you" 589 00:39:54,125 --> 00:39:56,593 "Ladies and gentlemen, Mike and Ziggy" 590 00:39:59,029 --> 00:40:00,587 The diplomas, appropriately 591 00:40:00,831 --> 00:40:02,560 are inscribed with both names 592 00:40:02,800 --> 00:40:04,427 student and dog alike 593 00:40:06,704 --> 00:40:08,433 "Mike and Zest" 594 00:40:19,517 --> 00:40:21,678 Today Mike is a high-school senior 595 00:40:22,520 --> 00:40:25,978 Having Zest has helped Mike vastly broaden his horizons 596 00:40:26,524 --> 00:40:28,253 and now for the first time he is 597 00:40:29,326 --> 00:40:30,793 considering going on with his education 598 00:40:31,028 --> 00:40:32,552 a vocational school where he thinks 599 00:40:32,797 --> 00:40:35,129 he might study computer science 600 00:40:36,200 --> 00:40:37,531 Whenever Mike is working 601 00:40:37,768 --> 00:40:39,565 Zest has been trained to rest quietly 602 00:40:39,804 --> 00:40:42,329 by his side and not disrupt the classroom 603 00:40:43,140 --> 00:40:44,664 But at those moments when he needs her help 604 00:40:44,909 --> 00:40:47,309 Zest knows it's time to work 605 00:40:49,313 --> 00:40:51,440 "She does things like picks up papers 606 00:40:51,682 --> 00:40:54,879 or pens and makes me feel independent 607 00:40:56,754 --> 00:40:58,381 like I don't always have to ask somebody 608 00:40:58,622 --> 00:41:00,886 I can just go to Zest and tell her" 609 00:41:03,828 --> 00:41:06,797 All CCI graduates report a dramatic rise in 610 00:41:07,031 --> 00:41:10,660 self-esteem because of the dog's role as icebreaker 611 00:41:12,570 --> 00:41:15,539 People who normally feel awkward approaching a person 612 00:41:15,773 --> 00:41:19,265 in a wheelchair do not feel uncomfortable in the presence of the dog 613 00:41:21,078 --> 00:41:22,238 "I'm real shy 614 00:41:22,480 --> 00:41:25,074 and the last couple of months it seems 615 00:41:25,316 --> 00:41:26,874 like it's easier to go up to people 616 00:41:27,117 --> 00:41:29,585 because most of the time people come up to her 617 00:41:29,820 --> 00:41:31,549 And I kind of get into the conversation 618 00:41:31,789 --> 00:41:34,485 It helps me to get to know people" 619 00:41:34,725 --> 00:41:36,022 "We didn't realize that kind of a bond 620 00:41:36,193 --> 00:41:38,684 could be between a dog and a person 621 00:41:38,929 --> 00:41:40,556 It realy gives us a different perspective" 622 00:41:40,798 --> 00:41:43,665 "We didn't realize that a dog could do as much for 623 00:41:43,901 --> 00:41:46,495 Michael's emotions as this dog has done" 624 00:41:47,137 --> 00:41:48,069 "Okay, Zest 625 00:41:48,472 --> 00:41:49,496 Come here 626 00:41:49,807 --> 00:41:51,536 Up switch, Zest 627 00:41:52,676 --> 00:41:53,700 Good dog 628 00:41:54,345 --> 00:41:55,505 That's it 629 00:41:55,746 --> 00:41:57,145 That's it 630 00:41:57,381 --> 00:41:58,143 Good girl 631 00:41:58,983 --> 00:41:59,574 Okay, Zest 632 00:41:59,984 --> 00:42:00,541 Come on 633 00:42:00,784 --> 00:42:01,546 Good dog 634 00:42:03,053 --> 00:42:06,989 A boy needing help and a loving canine at his side 635 00:42:08,025 --> 00:42:11,552 Perhaps nowhere is the age-old covenant between man 636 00:42:11,795 --> 00:42:14,696 and dog more poignantly felt than here 637 00:42:19,870 --> 00:42:23,465 In northern California one man remembers a partnership 638 00:42:23,707 --> 00:42:25,800 with dogs that many people have never even heard of 639 00:42:26,377 --> 00:42:30,370 For the 13 months he served in Europe during World War II 640 00:42:30,614 --> 00:42:32,582 oe Simpson fought alongside a dog 641 00:42:33,918 --> 00:42:35,112 "Atta girl, heel" 642 00:42:35,352 --> 00:42:37,013 They were one of the earliest teams 643 00:42:37,221 --> 00:42:39,655 in what was known as the K-9 Corps 644 00:42:40,224 --> 00:42:46,823 "In 1942 the K-9 Corps was formed by a group of 645 00:42:47,064 --> 00:42:49,555 civilians from the New England Dog Training Club" 646 00:42:50,067 --> 00:42:53,264 "And Dogs for Defense was formed at the same time 647 00:42:53,571 --> 00:42:58,406 and they picked 14 Gis out of 5,000 volunteers 648 00:42:58,642 --> 00:43:02,703 And fortunately, I was one of the 14 icked 649 00:43:03,013 --> 00:43:05,447 not because I knew anything about dogs necessarily 650 00:43:05,849 --> 00:43:08,613 but because I was in the horse business 651 00:43:08,852 --> 00:43:11,821 And this is how I got started in the K-9 Corps" 652 00:43:14,592 --> 00:43:17,356 Patriotic families everywhere across America 653 00:43:17,595 --> 00:43:20,587 volunteered their dogs to help the war effort 654 00:43:20,831 --> 00:43:24,733 Rovers, Spots, and Fidos of al descriptions were sent off 655 00:43:25,035 --> 00:43:27,833 to an uncertain future in the Army, Marines 656 00:43:28,072 --> 00:43:29,004 or Coast Guard 657 00:43:29,740 --> 00:43:32,072 Like their human counterparts 658 00:43:32,309 --> 00:43:34,174 all dogs were examined for fitness 659 00:43:37,147 --> 00:43:39,274 "Any new man that came in got a new dog 660 00:43:39,717 --> 00:43:42,515 And they taught us to make the dog heel 661 00:43:42,753 --> 00:43:44,186 sit, and down, and stay 662 00:43:44,421 --> 00:43:47,857 and all the obedience commands 663 00:43:48,092 --> 00:43:49,582 "And these dogs then went through the training with the master 664 00:43:49,860 --> 00:43:51,657 And then when that was through 665 00:43:51,895 --> 00:43:54,728 certain ones that were fit for attack training 666 00:43:54,965 --> 00:43:56,933 if they had enough aggressiveness in them 667 00:43:57,167 --> 00:43:59,032 were put into attack classes 668 00:43:59,470 --> 00:44:01,165 And the dogs that were better 669 00:44:01,538 --> 00:44:03,506 for messenger work were trained for that 670 00:44:03,741 --> 00:44:05,140 Some dogs were trained for pack dogs 671 00:44:05,576 --> 00:44:07,441 So it was quite a course" 672 00:44:20,290 --> 00:44:23,225 In Europe dogs were used in World War I 673 00:44:23,661 --> 00:44:25,424 but this was our first use of them in combat 674 00:44:26,897 --> 00:44:29,866 Some 10,000 served in many of the bloodiest 675 00:44:30,100 --> 00:44:32,068 battles across Europe and the South Pacific 676 00:44:32,403 --> 00:44:35,770 "If you needed to send a message back to the forward outpost 677 00:44:36,040 --> 00:44:38,304 we had a messenger collar that we'd put the 678 00:44:38,542 --> 00:44:40,009 message in and put it around the dog 679 00:44:40,210 --> 00:44:42,440 And the dog had to learn that when this collar was on him 680 00:44:42,680 --> 00:44:45,843 he was to run as fast as he could back to the other master" 681 00:44:47,317 --> 00:44:51,117 Messenger dogs had to develop equal loyalty to two masters 682 00:44:51,355 --> 00:44:53,721 because they worked by going from one to the other 683 00:44:54,925 --> 00:44:56,552 To ignore the noise and flames from 684 00:44:56,794 --> 00:44:59,456 exploding shells was hardest to teach 685 00:45:05,436 --> 00:45:08,303 "The dogs didn't have to reach up and tap us on the 686 00:45:08,539 --> 00:45:11,007 shoulder to tell us that there were some Germans over there 687 00:45:11,241 --> 00:45:14,301 We knew by watching our dog and being able to read the dog 688 00:45:14,545 --> 00:45:16,979 this is very important with anyone working a dog 689 00:45:17,181 --> 00:45:18,671 if you can read the dog 690 00:45:18,916 --> 00:45:20,713 then you'll know what the dog is trying to tell you" 691 00:45:21,018 --> 00:45:23,509 "And I owe my life to my dog and I'm sure 692 00:45:23,754 --> 00:45:25,813 a lot of the other handlers would say the same thing." 693 00:45:33,564 --> 00:45:35,031 Joe Simpson was one of many who 694 00:45:35,265 --> 00:45:37,665 brought their dogs home after the war 695 00:45:38,035 --> 00:45:42,028 Intensive demilitarization programs retrained the animals 696 00:45:42,272 --> 00:45:45,435 before they were allowed to return to civilian life as the gentle 697 00:45:45,676 --> 00:45:48,167 and loving pets they had originally been 698 00:46:03,627 --> 00:46:06,118 One phase of training similar to that for war 699 00:46:06,363 --> 00:46:08,854 dogs is used in search and rescue work 700 00:46:09,533 --> 00:46:12,991 More than 70 such groups now exist across the United States 701 00:46:13,637 --> 00:46:14,626 All volunteers 702 00:46:15,038 --> 00:46:18,633 they work alongside law enforcement teams in wilderness 703 00:46:18,876 --> 00:46:21,208 rescues and the aftermath of disasters 704 00:46:22,279 --> 00:46:24,144 "Go through. No, no, no. No cheating" 705 00:46:24,381 --> 00:46:26,144 It takes hundreds of hours of training 706 00:46:26,383 --> 00:46:28,078 before a team can be sent on a mission 707 00:46:29,019 --> 00:46:29,883 "Go through" 708 00:46:30,320 --> 00:46:32,345 Early on a dog often needs to be coaxed 709 00:46:32,723 --> 00:46:33,018 "Okay 710 00:46:33,457 --> 00:46:33,889 Try that way again? 711 00:46:34,124 --> 00:46:34,988 Want to go through?" 712 00:46:35,626 --> 00:46:38,993 Go. All the way 713 00:46:39,229 --> 00:46:41,424 Good girl! Good girl!" 714 00:46:46,403 --> 00:46:48,894 What handlers look for is not the breed itself 715 00:46:49,139 --> 00:46:51,630 many breeds are used but qualities like intelligence, 716 00:46:51,875 --> 00:46:54,673 curiosity, and self-confidence 717 00:46:55,879 --> 00:46:58,109 The dogs must be taught agility so 718 00:46:58,348 --> 00:47:00,316 they can safely negoiate boulders 719 00:47:00,551 --> 00:47:02,246 and other obstacles in the woods 720 00:47:02,553 --> 00:47:04,680 as well as piles of disaster rubble 721 00:47:05,756 --> 00:47:06,950 "Climb. Good girl" 722 00:47:07,157 --> 00:47:09,717 Shirley Hammond is both a handler and a trainer 723 00:47:09,993 --> 00:47:12,359 "What we do is we start the dogs out very young 724 00:47:12,596 --> 00:47:14,621 if we can although we can start older dogs 725 00:47:14,865 --> 00:47:17,993 teaching them on an agility course 726 00:47:18,235 --> 00:47:22,137 "We do a lot of ladder climbing with the dogs 727 00:47:22,372 --> 00:47:24,670 And this teaches them to use their back feet 728 00:47:24,908 --> 00:47:27,274 Their back feet just normally follow their front feet 729 00:47:27,511 --> 00:47:29,979 and they do not develop a knowledge of back feet 730 00:47:30,147 --> 00:47:32,172 unless they're taught to do something feeling 731 00:47:32,416 --> 00:47:36,113 what they're putting it on and feeling for stability with it" 732 00:47:37,087 --> 00:47:38,418 "Good dog, Tasha 733 00:47:38,789 --> 00:47:42,782 Good girl! Good dog!" 734 00:47:44,494 --> 00:47:49,022 This 12-week-old puppy confronts a ladder for the first time 735 00:48:01,178 --> 00:48:03,078 In addition to the obstacle course 736 00:48:03,213 --> 00:48:06,671 they train on a rubble pile that simulates a disaster area 737 00:48:12,756 --> 00:48:15,554 The uniform and helmet signal to Shirley's dog 738 00:48:15,792 --> 00:48:18,090 Cinnamon that now they are working 739 00:48:24,368 --> 00:48:28,099 Trained not to follow her instincts to jump off the unstable boards 740 00:48:28,338 --> 00:48:32,434 Cinnamon zigzags across the rubble in what is known as air-scenting 741 00:48:33,010 --> 00:48:35,877 trying to pick up the victim's scent on the air currents 742 00:48:36,747 --> 00:48:39,511 She has been trained to cover the entire area thoroughly 743 00:48:46,757 --> 00:48:49,191 Once the victim, in this case a volunteer 744 00:48:49,426 --> 00:48:50,654 has been found 745 00:48:50,894 --> 00:48:53,488 the dog's job is to scratch and bark to alert 746 00:48:53,730 --> 00:48:56,460 the handler to the area with the most intense scent 747 00:49:06,176 --> 00:49:09,077 "Put that one back there 748 00:49:09,479 --> 00:49:11,037 Oh, look 749 00:49:11,281 --> 00:49:13,408 What did you find, Cin?" 750 00:49:15,152 --> 00:49:17,814 Finding the victim is the dog's primary reward 751 00:49:18,622 --> 00:49:21,250 It is essential that physical contact be made 752 00:49:21,491 --> 00:49:23,686 so the dog knows she's done her job well 753 00:49:25,595 --> 00:49:27,586 "Good girl, you found him 754 00:49:27,831 --> 00:49:29,025 You've got him where you want him now 755 00:49:29,266 --> 00:49:31,131 Yeahl've got him where I want him 756 00:49:31,368 --> 00:49:32,858 Did you find him, huh?" 757 00:49:37,607 --> 00:49:41,668 In 1985 Shirley and Cinnamon were one of 13 U. S 758 00:49:41,845 --> 00:49:45,178 search-dog teams that made a vital contribution in a real 759 00:49:45,415 --> 00:49:48,578 life disaster the devastating earthquake 760 00:49:48,819 --> 00:49:50,218 that wracked Mexico City 761 00:49:54,191 --> 00:49:56,421 The soft sub-soils underlying the city 762 00:49:56,660 --> 00:49:59,254 and inadequate building codes were blamed 763 00:49:59,496 --> 00:50:01,430 when hundreds of buildings collapsed 764 00:50:02,165 --> 00:50:03,598 Thousands were injured 765 00:50:03,834 --> 00:50:05,267 thousands more left homeless 766 00:50:05,969 --> 00:50:07,766 As many as 10,000 died 767 00:50:08,105 --> 00:50:09,402 "It was really hard to believe because 768 00:50:09,639 --> 00:50:12,164 there were buildings standing with glass 769 00:50:12,409 --> 00:50:13,967 and beautiful structures that were just... 770 00:50:14,211 --> 00:50:15,269 "...pancaked to the floor 771 00:50:15,512 --> 00:50:18,242 This is a building that was 11, 12, 14 stories 772 00:50:18,482 --> 00:50:21,042 Suddenly, it's down to 10, 20, 30 feet high 773 00:50:21,284 --> 00:50:24,412 because some of them actually sank down into their basements 774 00:50:24,654 --> 00:50:25,518 They went that far down" 775 00:50:27,257 --> 00:50:28,656 "Can you jump? 776 00:50:28,892 --> 00:50:30,257 Up, up. In you go" 777 00:50:30,527 --> 00:50:32,495 Twelve hours a day for a week 778 00:50:32,729 --> 00:50:34,924 the teams searched through the twisted rubble 779 00:50:35,332 --> 00:50:38,563 Hundreds of people surely lay trapped but where? 780 00:50:38,802 --> 00:50:41,737 And could the dogs find any of them in time? 781 00:50:42,873 --> 00:50:44,807 "Cin, stay, stay" 782 00:50:45,042 --> 00:50:47,272 "They cock their head and listen with their ears as 783 00:50:47,511 --> 00:50:49,604 if maybe they might even be able to hear 784 00:50:49,846 --> 00:50:52,280 the victims after they would bark 785 00:50:52,516 --> 00:50:56,077 as if they were kind of calling to them by their barking" 786 00:50:56,319 --> 00:50:58,913 "And the other side of that coin, of course 787 00:50:59,156 --> 00:51:01,522 is when they did locate someone buried 788 00:51:01,758 --> 00:51:03,988 under the rubble that as gone, deceased 789 00:51:04,161 --> 00:51:06,391 it was a very low-key reaction 790 00:51:06,630 --> 00:51:09,497 Just a little pawing and a little whining" 791 00:51:11,535 --> 00:51:13,833 Amazingly, even at week's end 792 00:51:14,071 --> 00:51:16,869 victims were found still clinging to life 793 00:51:19,142 --> 00:51:21,440 "Agua, agua" 794 00:51:23,313 --> 00:51:25,611 Only hours old when the quake hit 795 00:51:25,849 --> 00:51:28,477 this baby was trapped for nine days 796 00:51:31,955 --> 00:51:34,549 Doctors cannot easily explain her survival 797 00:51:34,791 --> 00:51:37,919 Others see it simply as a gift from God 798 00:51:41,565 --> 00:51:43,226 "The Mexican people were just wonderful 799 00:51:43,467 --> 00:51:45,935 to us and it was a warm, warm feeling 800 00:51:46,169 --> 00:51:47,431 They were so... 801 00:51:47,671 --> 00:51:49,195 "...appreciative of our being there 802 00:51:49,439 --> 00:51:51,930 And it was really a very unqiue position to know 803 00:51:52,175 --> 00:51:54,666 that you were doing something that was helpful 804 00:51:54,911 --> 00:51:57,675 and that your dog was able to do it 805 00:51:57,914 --> 00:52:00,678 It's a feeling that says this is what we've done it for 806 00:52:00,917 --> 00:52:02,885 All the times we've been wet, we've been cold... 807 00:52:03,120 --> 00:52:05,588 "...we've been tired, we've been hot 808 00:52:05,822 --> 00:52:08,655 This is real and it's so exciting so exciting" 809 00:52:14,898 --> 00:52:16,490 Many thousands of years ago 810 00:52:16,800 --> 00:52:19,997 some long-forgotten caveman welcomed a wild animal 811 00:52:20,170 --> 00:52:23,264 into his home to share his fire and food 812 00:52:23,940 --> 00:52:25,805 Through the centuries the dogs that 813 00:52:26,042 --> 00:52:28,704 evolved have remained our enduring helpmates 814 00:52:28,945 --> 00:52:30,378 and unfaltering friends 815 00:52:32,082 --> 00:52:35,017 Our own success as a species is due in no small 816 00:52:35,252 --> 00:52:38,779 measure to the fact that a canine partner has been by our side 817 00:52:44,127 --> 00:52:46,891 Intelligent and loyal beyond measure 818 00:52:47,130 --> 00:52:50,827 dogs ask little from us in return for their unquestioning devotion 819 00:52:51,468 --> 00:52:52,025 In fact 820 00:52:52,235 --> 00:52:54,465 most dogs do not see work as work 821 00:52:55,071 --> 00:52:59,371 but thrive on serving us simply for the praise of a job well done 822 00:53:01,011 --> 00:53:02,444 "Give. Good girl 823 00:53:02,913 --> 00:53:04,744 Yeah, good girl" 824 00:53:05,015 --> 00:53:08,109 In commenting on this age-old partnership 825 00:53:08,351 --> 00:53:12,412 one author has written: "We give them the love we can spare 826 00:53:12,656 --> 00:53:15,454 the time we can spare, the room we can spare 827 00:53:16,726 --> 00:53:17,385 In return 828 00:53:17,761 --> 00:53:20,730 dogs have given us their absolute all 829 00:53:22,732 --> 00:53:27,192 It is without a doubt the best deal man has ever made"