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There were five
Waks children without a parent, Henri
(12), Rosa (10), Gabrielle (9), Jacques (7), and Nathan (4).
Convoy 69, March 7, 1944 (Drancy)
Convoy 69
deported 175 children, 98 boys and 77 girls. Victims of this convoy of 1,501
Jews came from Paris, from the suburbs of Paris, from the departments of
Isère, Savoie, and Haute-Savoie, and from so many cities and towns
including Belfort Vesoul, Chartres, Orléans, Lyons, Limoges, Marseilles,
Dijon, and Toulouse. The Gestapo were chasing Jews down across the whole of
France.
Among the mothers with children were Rachel Baytel (23) with
Diane (4) and Alain (2); Jeanne Frank (40) with four children, Robert (16),
Nicole (17), and 10-year-old twins Jacqueline and Lise; Arenka
Rajchnudel (45) with five children,
Jacqueline (15), Marcelle (11), Jean-Claude (8), Claudine (4), and Eliane (1);
Sarah Zamor and her three children, Paul (13), Jean-Claude (8), and
Marie-Thérèse (3). Henriette (11) and Roger (9) Hess were without
parents.
Convoy 70, March 27, 1944
(Drancy)
Convoy 70 deported 103 children, 58 boys and 45 girls.
New arrests in Paris along with the arrival at Drancy of Jews arrested
elsewhere made it possible for Brunner to put together another convoy quickly.
Of the 1,000 deportees on this convoy, 350 were from Paris, 150 from Lyons, 170
from the departments of Isère and Savoie, 145 from Marseilles, 195 from
Côte d'Azur, 35 from Vichy, and 45 from Toulouse.
There were
entire families, such as Pierre (43) and Renée (35) Caen and their
children, François (11), Henri (9), and the baby Eliane (1). There were
also children without parents. See, for example, Hugues (18), Gilbert (15), and
Claude (12) Cahn; Madeleine (10) and Daniel (8) Feinstein; Jocelyne (9) and
Roland (2) Groswirt; André Guez (9), alone; Maurice (15), Marie (13),
and Lucie (3) Hajligman;
Jean-François (2) and Marie (1) Lambroschini; Renée (9), Albert
(7), and Clement (3) Levy; Pierre (2) and Yvette (10) Markus; Michel (12),
Claude Jacques (10) and Evelyne (8) Oliffson; Claude Ovadia (1); Jacques (11)
and Charles (5) Perez; and five
Sicsic children, Simon (19), Daniel (15),
Michel (12), Arlette (7), and Roger (4).
Convoy 71, April 13, 1944 (Drancy)
Less than
three weeks after the departure of convoy 70, Brunner prepared to send 1,500
new victims to their death. Of the 1,500 deportees in convoy 71, 287 were under
18, 155 boys and 132 girls. This convoy included an over 800 Jews who had
arrived in Drancy on April 1, following roundups in Nancy, in the northeast.
Convoy 71 also included 34 of the 44 children and four adults deported
from the OSE children's home in Izieu, a small town near the Rhone River east
of Lyons. It was the telex – signed by SS Klaus Barbie – sent from
Lyons to the Paris office of the Gestapo on April 6, 1944, announcing that the
home had been "cleaned out" and that the children had been "apprehended," that
helped lead to Barbie's 1987 conviction for crimes against humanity (see page 87).
There were many
families in this convoy. See, for example, Barnett (47) and Louise (43)
Greenberg and their nine children, Marcel
(19), Paul (18), Thomas (16), Henry (12),
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FRENCH
CHILDREN OF THE HOLOCAUST A memorial
Serge Klarsfeld
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