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Definition Return to top
Roseola is an acute disease of infants and young children that is characterized by a high fever and skin rash.
Causes Return to top
The disease is common in children 3 months to 4 years old, and most common in those between 6 months and 1 year. It is caused by a virus called human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), although similar syndromes are possible with other viruses.
Roseola occurs throughout the year. The incubation period (the time between becoming infected and the beginning of symptoms) is 5 to 15 days. A fever lasting 3 (sometimes up to 7) days generally comes before the rash appears. The fever may be as high as 105 degrees Fahrenheit.
Roseola begins with a high fever that generally responds well to acetaminophen (Tylenol). Between the 2nd and 4th day of illness, the fever falls dramatically, and a rash appears (often as the fever falls) on the trunk and spreads to the limbs, neck, and face. The rash lasts from a few hours to 2 days.
Symptoms Return to top
Exams and Tests Return to top
Treatment Return to top
There is no specific treatment. The disease usually resolves without complications. Measures should be taken to control a fever. Acetaminophen and cool sponge baths may be given. If convulsions occur, call your health care provider, or go to the closest emergency room.
Outlook (Prognosis) Return to top
The vast majority of children with roseola fully recover.
Possible Complications Return to top
When to Contact a Medical Professional Return to top
Call your health care provider if your child's fever does not go down after the child has been given acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil) and a warm bath, or if the child continues to appear very sick, or act irritable or lethargic.
Go to the emergency room or call the local emergency number (such as 911) if convulsions develop.
Prevention Return to top
The viruses that cause roseola are spread either through fecal-oral contact or via airborne droplets. Careful handwashing can aid in the prevention of spread of these viruses.
Update Date: 11/18/2005 Updated by: John Goldenring, MD, MPH, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.
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Page last updated: 02 January 2008 |