Hypospadias repair is surgery to correct a birth defect in boys in which the urethra does not properly exit the tip of the penis.

For information on the condition itself, see: Hypospadias.

The surgery is done while the child is under general anesthesia (asleep and pain-free). The type of repair depends on the severity of the defect. Mild defects may be repaired in a one procedure, while severe defects may require two or more procedures.

A small piece of foreskin, or tissue from another site, can be used to create a tube to extend the length of the urethra. The urethra is the tube that releases urine from the body. Extending the length allows an opening to be placed at the tip of the penis.

Circumcision should not be performed at birth in boys with hypospadias, so that the foreskin can later be used for the repair.

This surgery is performed on boys who are born with hypospadias. Hypospadias is one of the most common birth defects seen in infant boys. Surgery is usually necessary to allow normal urination, to correct the penis deformity, and to ensure normal sexual functioning. The repair is usually performed before the child reaches school age.

Surgical repair is not needed if the condition does not affect normal standing urination, sexual function, or the deposit of semen.

The most common complication is swelling of the penis. This swelling usually goes away within a few days.

Risks for any anesthesia include the following:

• Breathing problems
• Reactions to medications

Risks for any surgery include the following:

• Bleeding
• Infection

The patient usually does well after surgery. Several operations may be needed.

Immediately after surgery, the penis is securely taped to the abdomen so that it does not move. Medications may be given to relieve pain. The child is encouraged to drink fluids to maintain urine output, which avoids pressure on the urethra.

In general, surgery is performed on an outpatient basis. A urinary catheter may be needed for a while after the operation.

After leaving the hospital, the child should continue drink lots of fluids to promote frequent urination. Strenuous activity should be avoided until the would fully heals.