PANCREATITISSYMPTOMSAcute cases: A sudden attack of severe burning or stabbing pain in the upper abdomen, possibly accompanied by nausea and vomiting. The pain may spread to the back and is made worse by moving. Food, alcohol, and vomiting may worsen the pain. Chronic cases: The pain is milder and pain attacks do not come on suddenly. There is excessive gas, muscle aches, and fever. Permanent damage to the pancreas can occur, because the constant inflammation can produce fibrosis in that organ. The chronic state results in irreversible changes in the gallbladder. Other symptoms of pancreatitis include abdominal swelling and distension, hypertension, sweating, and abnormal fatty stools. Diabetes, digestive problems, and cancer can also result, as well as hearing, respiratory, and kidney failure. CAUSESPancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas. Normal cells are replaced with scar tissue and calcium deposits. It frequently produces mild diabetes. The most frequent causes of pancreatitis are drinking alcohol, viral infection, and diseases of the bile ducts or gallbladder. A diet rich in fats and meat lays a solid foundation for pancreatitis to occur. Other causes include surgical procedures, diagnostic procedures, and a considerable variety of prescribed medications. Oral contraceptives, steroids, estrogen, and ACTH can also do it. To this list should be added abdominal injury, obesity, poor nutrition, and electric shock. Certain diseases can also induce it: hepatitis, mumps, and possibly anorexia nervosa. The pancreas produces two important hormones: insulin and glucagon; both of which regulate blood sugar levels and aid digestion. As a result, pancreatitis can produce glucose intolerance and diabetes. TREATMENT
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