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Front page, forword and index
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TRANSLATORS' PREFACE
In writing
De Natura Fossilium
and other works on geology and mining Agricola found difficulty in expressing himself adequately in Latin, a language that had not expanded with the renaissance of learning. In the field of the new sciences of mineralogy and mining geology many new German and English technical terms had come into common use in the mining districts without the development of Latin counterparts. ConÂsequently he was compelled to use older Latin words in strange contexts and to create new words. In many passages one must assume the shade of meaning implied by rather vague expressions and words.
Editing has been reduced to a minimum. Where Agricola departs from the more common spelling of mineral and proper names his spelling has been retained when there is no evidence of misprinting. Examples are Euax, Zactalias,
glessum
and several others. In general the Latin locality names have been retained.
Where possible modern equivalents of mineral names have been subÂstituted for the Latin. The latter are retained where identification is questionable, or where they clarify the text. No effort has been made to quote other authorities or to give a comprehensive review of available background material. Footnotes have been used sparingly, primarily to clarify the text.
Although the second edition of this work, published three years after Agricola's death, is larger, the first edition was selected for translation and the two texts are not compared. In our opinion the first edition of any scientific work that represents an outstanding advance in learning is usually better suited than later and revised editions for evaluating the stature of the author and the plane of knowledge at the time the work was first written. This translation has been made with the sole objective of presenting in English the first textbook of mineralogy, a work that has been considered by Adams
1
as marking "the dawn of the Renaissance in the Geological sciences."
1
Op. cit.,
p. 56.
XI
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Agricola. Textbook of Mineralogy.
Front page, forword and index
To the illustrious duke of saxony and thuringia and misena prince of Maurice
Book I Minerals color, taste, odor , physical properties of gemstones and minerals such as emeralds, diamonds, rubies, sapphires
Book II About different applications of earths (painting, medical) and their occurrences
Book III about halite and nitrium, alum and acrid juices and related minerals, sulphur, bitumen, realgar, and orpiment; the fourth, chrysocolla, aerugo, caeruleum, ferrugo
Book IV Sulphur, amber, Pliny's gems, jet, bitumen, naphtha, camphor, maltha, Samothracian gem, thracius stone, obsidianus stone
Book V about lodestone, hematite, geodes, hematite, selenite, lapis secularum, asbestos, mica
Book VI gems: diamond, emeralds, sapphire, topaz, chrysoberyl, carbuncle, jaspis
Book VII marbles, gems in rings and other applications
Book VIII metals, precious such as gold, platinum, silver
Book IX artificially coloring of metals such as gold, silver, copper
Book X lapis sabinicus, lapis selentinus, lapis liparaeus and other mixtures of stone, metal and earth
Latin Mineral Index
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