statement := if ( condition ) statement | 
    if ( condition ) statement else statement
condition ::= expression | type-specifier-seq declarator = assignment-expr

The if statement tests condition, and if it is true, executes the first statement. If condition is false, and an else part is present, the else statement is executed; if there is no else part, execution continues with the statement immediately after the end of the if statement. If condition contains a declaration, the declared name is in the scope of both the if and else statements.

Example

template<typename T>
T abs(T x)
{
  if (x < T(  ))
    return -x;
  else
    return x;
}

See Also

expression, else, statement, Chapter 4