Storage Device Terminology


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CD (CD-ROM)

Compact Disk - Read Only Memory. Requires a CD-ROM drive on the computer. Can hold up to 655 MB of data, video, etc.

CMOS

Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor. This is the storage for your basic system configuration used at boot time. It describes the hardware devices to your system. It is changed only by the "SETUP" program.

HARD DRIVE

A disk storage device, often very large capacity in the gigabyte range, with a mechanism for reading and writing to the hard disk.

Hard Disk Controller.

An expansion board that contains the necessary circuitry to control and coordinate a hard disk drive. They come in many varieties: EISA, IDE, SCSI, etc.

IDE (Drive or Drive Interface)

Intelligent Drive Electronics. A term that describes a hard disk drive interface that combines features of other interfaces and has additional features. IDE devices have their own control circuitry; however, an IDE interface supports only devices.

Logical Drive

A drive letter mapped or assigned to a directory on a remote computer's storage device. In some instances, it may also be used to refer to partitions created in an "extended" partition in systems such as Windows NT Server, or MS-DOS.

Latency Time

In disk storage devices, it is the average time it takes for the head to spin to the read/write head so that the data can be read or written.

MO Disk

Magneto-Optical disk.Uses both magnetic fields and laser-beam optics to write data. Uses polarized laser beams to read.

Network Drive

A mapped drive on a server or workstation that can be accessed by other workstations. By sharing directories on your workstation, in a Windows for Workgroups network, the shared directories can be connected by "network" drive letters.

PCMCIA

Personal Computer Memory Card Industry Association. First conceived in 1987, but fed on a 1984 design of a memory card. It has evolved to cover many functions on different insertable cards. Used both on laptops and desktop PCs.

PROM

Programmable Read Only Memory.

RAID

Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks. A number (usually 3 to 7) of disks in drives which are stacked inside a single cabinet or chassis. Data is written on multiple drives. If one of the drives fails, it can be replaced and reconstructed from "parity" information stored on one of the disks.

ROM Shadowing

This means that the BIOS code in PROM is copied into fast RAM and all BIOS routine's addresses are remapped so programs see the BIOS routines in RAM at their normally expected addresses. It can double the speed of execution of BIOS code.

SCSI

Small Computer System Interface. An interface, usually on a separate card, that allows you to interface with up to 7 individual devices such as hard and floppy drives, tape drives, CD-ROM drives, etc. Has transfer rates of up to 32MBPS, but operate normally at a much slower rates. Has its own built-in control circuitry.

Virtual Drive

A term used for a drive letter assigned (mapped) to a directory on a storage device in a computer somewhere else on the network. The virtual drive letter is another means of changing directories, in a network, from one computer to another. Basically the same as a logical drive or network drive.

WORM Drive

Write-Once Read Many (WORM) drives are optical storage devices with quick access because they allow random access to stored data.
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