XV. Prayer and Divine Providence
Again a poor soul is tempted to doubt the being of a God;
arguments by way of reason and wisdom may convince him he may get a little
light from them; but sometimes God will come into his soul with an immediate
beam and scatter all his doubts, more than a thousand arguments can do; the way
of wisdom thus of knowing there is a God, that unties the knot; but the other
cuts it in pieces presently; so it is in all temptations else a man goes the
way of wisdom and sanctified reason, and looks into his own heart and there
sees the work of grace and argues from all God's dealings with him; yet all
these satisfy not a man: but God comes with a light in his spirit and all his
bolts and shackles are knocked off in a moment; here we see the way of Wisdom
and the way of Revelation. -- THOS.
GOODWIN
PRAYER and the Divine providence are closely related. They stand in close
companionship. They cannot possibly be separated. So closely connected are they
that to deny one is to abolish the other. Prayer supposes a providence, while
providence is the result of and belongs to prayer. All answers to prayer are
but the intervention of the providence of God in the affairs of men. Providence
has to do specially with praying people. Prayer, providence and the Holy Spirit
are a trinity, which cooperate with each other and are in perfect harmony with
one another. Prayer is but the request of man for God through the Holy Spirit
to interfere in behalf of him who prays.
What is termed providence is the Divine
superintendence over earth and its affairs. It implies gracious provisions
which Almighty God makes for all His creatures, animate and inanimate,
intelligent or otherwise. Once admit that God is the Creator and Preserver of
all men, and concede that He is wise and intelligent, and logically we are
driven to the conclusion that Almighty God has a direct superintendence of
those whom He has created and whom He preserves in being. In fact creation and
preservation suppose a superintending providence. What is called Divine
providence is simply Almighty God governing the world for its best interests,
and overseeing everything for the good of mankind.
Men talk about a "general providence" as separate
from a "special providence." There is no general providence but what is made up
of special providences. A general supervision on the part of God supposes a
special and individual supervision of each person, yea, even every creature,
animal and all alike.
God is everywhere, watching, superintending,
overseeing, governing everything in the highest interest of man, and carrying
forward His plans and executing His purposes in creation and redemption. He is
not an absentee God. He did not make the world with all that is in it, and turn
it over to so-called natural laws, and then retire into the secret places of
the universe having no regard for it or for the working of His laws. His hand
is on the throttle. The work is not beyond His control. Earth's inhabitants and
its affairs are not running independent of Almighty God.
Any and all providences are special providences,
and prayer and this sort of providences work hand in hand. God's hand is in
everything. None are beyond Him nor beneath His notice. Not that God orders
everything which comes to pass. Man is still a free agent, but the wisdom of
Almighty God comes out when we remember that while man is free, and the devil
is abroad in the land, God can superintend and overrule earth's affairs for the
good of man and for His glory, and cause even the wrath of man to praise
Him.
Nothing occurs by accident under the
superintendence of an all-wise and perfectly just God. Nothing happens by
chance in God's moral or natural government. God is a God of order, a God of
law, but none the less a superintendent in the interest of His intelligent and
redeemed creatures. Nothing can take place without the knowledge of God.
"His all
surrounding sight surveys
Our
rising and our rest;
Our public walks,
our private ways,
The
secrets of our breasts."
Jesus Christ sets this matter at rest when He
says, "Are not two sparrows sold for a farthing? and one of them shall not fall
on the ground without your Father. But the very hairs of your head are all
numbered. Fear ye not, therefore, ye are of more value than many sparrows."
God cannot be ruled out of the world. The
doctrine of prayer brings Him directly into the world, and moves Him to a
direct interference with all of this world's affairs.
To rule Almighty God out of the providences of
life is to strike a direct blow at prayer and its efficacy. Nothing takes place
in the world without God's consent, yet not in a sense that He either approves
everything or is responsible for all things which happen. God is not the author
of sin.
The question is sometimes asked, "Is God in
everything?" as if there are some things which are outside of the government of
God, beyond His attention, with which He is not concerned. If God is not in
everything, what is the Christian doing praying according to Paul's directions
to the Philippians?
"Be careful for nothing, but in everything, by
prayer and supplication, with thanksgiving, let your requests be made known
unto God."
Are we to pray for some things and about things
with which God has nothing to do? According to the doctrine that God is not in
everything, then we are outside the realm of God when "in everything we make
our requests unto God."
Then what will we do with that large promise so
comforting to all of God's saints in all ages and in all climes, a promise
which belongs to prayer and which is embraced in a special providence: "And we
know that all things work together for good to them that love God"?
If God is not in everything, then what are the
things we are to expect from the "all things" which "work together for good to
them that love God"? And if God is not in everything in His providence what are
the things which are to be left out of our praying? We can lay it down as a
proposition, borne out by Scripture, which has a sure foundation, that nothing
ever comes into the life of God's saints without His consent. God is always
there when it occurs. He is not far away. He whose eye is on the sparrow is
also upon His saints. His presence which fills immensity is always where His
saints are. "Certainly I will be with thee," is the word of God to every child
of His.
"The angel of the Lord encampeth round about them
that fear him and delivereth them." And nothing can touch those who fear God
only with the permission of the angel of the Lord. Nothing can break through
the encampment without the permission of the captain of the Lord's hosts.
Sorrows, afflictions, want, trouble, or even death, cannot enter this Divine
encampment without the consent of Almighty God, and even then it is to be used
by God in His plans for the good of His saints and for carrying out His plans
and purposes:
"For I am persuaded that neither death, nor life,
nor angels, nor principalities, nor powers, nor things present, nor things to
come,
"Nor height, nor depth, nor any other creature,
shall be able to separate us from the love of God which is in Christ Jesus our
Lord."
These evil things, unpleasant and afflictive, may
come with Divine permission, but God is on the spot, His hand is in all of
them, and He sees to it that they are woven into His plans. He causes them to
be overruled for the good of His people, and eternal good is brought out of
them. These things, with hundreds of others, belong to the disciplinary
processes of Almighty God in administering His government for the children of
men.
The providence of God reaches as far as the realm
of prayer. It has to do with everything for which we pray. Nothing is too small
for the eye of God, nothing too insignificant for His notice and His care.
God's providence has to do with even the stumbling of the feet of His
saints:
"For he shall give his angels charge concerning
thee, to keep thee in all thy ways.
"They shall bear thee up in their hands, lest
thou dash thy foot against a stone."
Read again our Lord's words about the sparrow,
for He says, "Five sparrows are sold for two farthings, and not one of them is
forgotten before God." Paul asks the pointed question, "Doth God care for
oxen?" His care reaches to the smallest things and has to do with the most
insignificant matters which concern men. He who believes in the God of
providence is prepared to see His hand in all things which come to him, and can
pray over everything.
Not that the saint who trusts the God of
providence, and who takes all things to God in prayer, can explain the
mysteries of Divine providence, but the praying ones recognize God in
everything, see Him in all that comes to them, and are ready to say as John
said to Peter at the Sea of Galilee, "It is the Lord."
Praying saints do not presume to interpret God's
dealings with them nor undertake to explain God's providences, but they have
learned to trust God in the dark as well as in the light, to have faith in God
even when "cares like a wild deluge come, and storms of sorrow fall."
"Though he slay me, yet will I trust him."
Praying saints rest themselves upon the words of Jesus to Peter, "What I do
thou knowest not now, but thou shalt know hereafter." None but the praying ones
can see God's hands in the providences of life. "Blessed are the pure in heart,
for they shall see God," shall see God here in His providences, in His Word, in
His Church. These are they who do not rule God out of earth's affairs, and who
believe God interferes with matters of earth for them.
While God's providence is over all men, yet His
supervision and administration of His government are peculiarly in the interest
of His people.
Prayer brings God's providence into action.
Prayer puts God to work in overseeing and directing earth's affairs for the
good of men. Prayer opens the way when it is shut up or straitened.
Providence deals more especially with
temporalities. It is in this realm that the providence of God shines brightest
and is most apparent. It has to do with food and raiment, with business
difficulties, with strangely interposing and saving from danger, and with
helping in emergencies at very opportune and critical times.
The feeding of the Israelites during the
wilderness journey is a striking illustration of the providence of God in
taking care of the temporal wants of His people. His dealings with those people
show how He provided for them in that long pilgrimage.
"Day by day the
manna fell,
O to learn this lesson well!
Still by constant mercy fed,
Give me, Lord, my daily bread.
"Day by day the promise reads,
Daily strength for daily needs;
Cast foreboding fears away,
Take the manna of to-day."
Our Lord teaches this same lesson of a providence
which clothes and feeds His people, in the Sermon on the Mount, when He says,
"Take no thought what ye shall eat, or what ye shall drink, nor yet for your
body, what ye shall put on." Then He directs attention to the fact that it is
God's providence which feeds the fowls of the air, clothes the lilies of the
field, and asks if God does all this for birds and flowers, will He not care
for them?
All of this teaching leads up to the need of a
childlike, implicit trust in an overruling providence, which looks after the
temporal wants of the children of men. And let it be noted specially that all
this teaching stands closely connected in the utterances of our Lord with what
He says about prayer, thus closely connecting a Divine oversight with prayer
and its promises.
We have an impressive lesson on Divine providence
in the case of Elijah when he was sent to the brook Cherith, where God actually
employed the ravens to feed His prophet. Here was an interposition so plain
that God cannot be ruled out of life's temporalities. Before God will allow His
servant to want bread, He moves the birds of the air to do His bidding and take
care of His prophet.
Nor was this all. When the brook ran dry, God
sent him to a poor widow, who had just enough meal and oil for the urgent needs
of the good woman and her son. Yet she divided with him her last morsel of
bread. What was the result? The providence of God interposed, and as long as
the drouth lasted, the cruse of oil never failed nor did the meal in the barrel
give out.
The Old Testament sparkles with illustrations of
the provisions of Almighty God for His people, and show clearly God's
overruling providence. In fact the Old Testament is largely the account of a
providence which dealt with a peculiar people, anticipating their every
temporal want, which ministered to them when in emergencies, and which
sanctified to them their troubles.
It is worth while to read that old hymn of
Newton's, which has in it so much of the providence of God:
"Though troubles
assail, and dangers affright,
Though friends should all fail, and foes all unite,
Yet one thing secures me, whatever betide,
The promise assures us, the Lord will provide.
"The birds without barns, or storehouse are fed,
From them let us learn, to trust for our bread;
His saints what is fitting, shall ne'er be denied,
So long as it's written, the Lord will
provide."
In fact many of our old hymns are filled with
sentiments in song about a Divine providence, which are worth while to be read
and sung even in this day.
God is in the most afflictive and sorrowing
events of life. All such events are subjects of prayer, and this is so for the
reason that everything which comes into the life of the praying one is in the
providence of God, and takes place under His superintending hand. Some would
rule God out of the sad and hard things of life. They tell us that God has
nothing to do with certain events which bring such grief to us. They say that
God is not in the death of children, that they die from natural causes, and
that it is but the working of natural laws.
Let us ask what are nature's laws but the laws of
God, the laws by which God rules the world? And what is nature anyway? And who
made nature? How great the need to know that God is above nature, is in control
of nature, and is in nature? We need to know that nature or natural laws are
but the servants of Almighty God who made these laws, and that He is directly
in them, and they are but the Divine servants to carry out God's gracious
designs, and are made to execute His gracious purposes. The God of providence,
the God to whom the Christians pray, and the God who interposes in behalf of
the children of men for their good, is above nature, in perfect and absolute
control of all that belongs to nature. And no law of nature can crush the life
out of even a child without God giving His consent, and without such a sad
event occurring directly under His all-seeing eye, and without His being
immediately present.
David believed this doctrine when he fasted and
prayed for the life of his child, for why pray and fast for a baby to be
spared, if God has nothing to do with its death should it die?
Moreover, "does care for oxen," and have a direct
oversight of the sparrows which fall to the ground, and yet have nothing to do
with the going out of this world of an immortal child? Still further, the death
of a child, no matter if it should come alone as some people claim by the
operation of the laws of nature, let it be kept in mind that it is a great
affliction to the parents of the child. Where do these innocent parents come in
under any such doctrine? It becomes a great sorrow to mother and father. Are
they not to recognize the hand of God in the death of the child? And is there
no providence or Divine oversight in the taking away of their child to them?
David recognized the facts clearly that God had to do with keeping his child in
life; that prayer might avail in saving his child from death, and that when the
child died it was because God had ordered it. Prayer and providence in all this
affair worked in harmonious cooperation, and David thoroughly understood it. No
child ever dies without the direct permission of Almighty God, and such an
event takes place in His providence for wise and beneficent ends. God works it
into His plans concerning the child himself and the parents and all concerned.
Moreover, it is a subject of prayer whether the child lives or dies.
"In each event of
life how clear,
Thy ruling hand I see;
Each blessing to my soul most dear,
Because conferred by Thee."