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GROUP XVIII

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Originally appearing in Volume V21, Page 351 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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GROUP XVIII . Nitrites.—This group contains amyl nitrite, See also:ethyl nitrite, methyl nitrite, See also:nitroglycerin, See also:sodium and See also:potassium nitrites, erythrol-tetranitrate, and many other compounds containing nitrous or nitric See also:acid. The latter becomes reduced to nitrous in the See also:body, and thereby exercises its characteristic effects. These consist chiefly in an See also:action upon non-striped muscle, vasomotor centres, See also:blood vessels and the blood. When they are given by inhalation or by the mouth their first effect is to produce marked See also:dilatation of the small See also:arteries, with a fall of blood-pressure and a greatly increased rapidity of the See also:heart's action. At the same See also:time the non-striped muscles slightly lose their tonicity, and when very large doses are given the haemoglobin of the blood becomes converted into the See also:chocolate-coloured methaemoglobin. The volatile members of the group See also:act much more rapidly and more transiently than the others.

End of Article: GROUP XVIII

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