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OBJECT

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Originally appearing in Volume V19, Page 948 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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OBJECT and SUBJECT, in See also:

philosophy, the terms used to denote respectively the See also:external See also:world and consciousness. The See also:term " object " (from See also:Lat. ob, over against, and jacere, to throw) is used generally in philosophy for that in which an activity of the mind ends, or towards which it is directed. With these may be compared the See also:ordinary uses of the term for " thing " simply, or for that after which one strives, or at which one aims. " Subject," literally that which is " thrown under " (sub), is originally the material or content of a discussion or thought, but in philosophy is used for the thought or the thinking See also:person. The relation between the thinking subject and the object thought is analogous to the grammatical See also:antithesis of the same terms: the " subject " of a verb is the person or thing from which the See also:action proceeds, while the " object," See also:direct or indirect, is the person or thing affected. The true relation between mind or thought (subject) and See also:matter or See also:extension (object) is the See also:chief problem of philosophy, and may be investigated from various standpoints (see See also:PSYCHOLOGY and See also:METAPHYSICS). It should be observed that the philosophical use of " subject " is precisely the opposite of the See also:common use. In ordinary See also:language the " subject " of discussion, of a poem, of a See also:work of See also:art, is that which the See also:speaker, author or artist treats.

End of Article: OBJECT

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