Online Etymology Dictionary

Aline: fem. proper name, French, short for Adeline.
Alison: fem. proper name, from French Alison, a diminutive of Alice.
alit: poetic past tense and past participle of alight (v.).
alive (adj.): c. 1200, from Old English on life "in living." The fuller form on live was still current 17c. Used emphatically, especially with man; as in:
[A]bout a thousand gentlemen having bought his almanacks for this year, merely to find what he said against me, at every line they read they would lift up their eyes, and cry out betwixt rage and laughter, "they were sure no man alive ever writ such damned stuff as this." [Jonathan Swift, Bickerstaff's Vindication, 1709]
Thus abstracted as an expletive, man alive! (1845). Alive and kicking "alert, vigorous," attested from 1823; Farmer says "The allusion is to a child in the womb after quickening," but kicking in the sense "lively and active" is recorded from 1550s (e.g. "the wanton or kicking flesh of yong maydes," "Lives of Women Saints," c. 1610).
aliveness (n.): 1853, from alive + -ness.
alkahest (n.): "universal solvent sought by alchemists," 1640s, from French alcahest, from Medieval Latin alcahest, a pseudo-Arabic word coined by Paracelsus (see alchemy).
alkali (n.): late 14c., "soda ash," from Medieval Latin alkali, from Arabic al-qaliy "the ashes, burnt ashes" (of saltwort, a plant growing in alkaline soils), from qala "to roast in a pan." The modern chemistry sense is from 1813.
alkaline (adj.): 1670s, "pertaining to alkalis," from alkali + -ine (1). Of soils, attested from 1850.
alkaloid (n.): 1831, from alkali (q.v.) + -oid. "A general term applied to basic compounds of vegetable origin, bitter in taste, and having powerful effects on the animal system" [Flood]. As an adjective by 1859.
alkanet (n.): "dye material from bugloss plant roots," early 14c., from Spanish alcaneta, diminutive of alcana, from Arabic al-hinna (see henna). As the name of the plant itself, from 1560s.
all: Old English eall "all, every, entire," from Proto-Germanic *alnaz (source also of Old Frisian, Old High German al, Old Norse allr, Gothic alls), with no certain connection outside Germanic.

Combinations with all meaning "wholly, without limit" were common in Old English (such as eall-halig "all-holy," eall-mihtig "all-mighty") and the method continued to form new compound words throughout the history of English. First record of all out "to one's full powers" is 1880. All-terrain vehicle first recorded 1968. All clear as a signal of "no danger" is recorded from 1902. All right, indicative of approval, is attested from 1953.
all-American: 1888, as the name of a barnstorming baseball team composed of players from various teams across the United States. From all + American.
all-fired (adj.): 1837, U.S. slang euphemism for hell-fired.
all-inclusive (adj.): 1813, from all + inclusive. Related: All-inclusively; all-inclusiveness.
all-over (adj.): "covering every part," 1859, from all + over. All-overish "generally, indefinitely indisposed" is from 1820.
all-purpose (adj.): 1877, from all + purpose (n.).
all-round (adj.): 1728, from all + round (adj.). All-rounder is from 1855 as a type of men's collar; 1875 as a person who is good at everything.
all-star (adj.): 1893, originally of theatrical casts, from all + star (n.) in the "celebrated person" sense. From 1898 in reference to sports teams.
all-time (adj.): "during recorded time," 1910, American English, from all + time (n.). Earlier it had been used in a sense "full-time," of employment, or in opposition to one-time (1883).
Allah: 1702, Arabic name for the Supreme Being, from Arabic Allahu, contraction of al-Ilahu, from al "the" + Ilah "God;" related to Hebrew Elohim.
allative (n.): grammatical case expressing "motion towards," 1860, from Latin allatus "brought to," used as past participle of adferre, affere "to bring to," from ad- "to" (see ad-) + latus "borne, carried" (see oblate (n.)).
allay (v.): Old English alecgan "to put down, remit, give up," a Germanic compound (cognates: Gothic uslagjan, Old High German irleccan, German erlegen), from a- "down, aside" + lecgan "to lay" (see lay (v.)).

Early Middle English pronunciations of -y- and -g- were not always distinct, and the word was confused in Middle English with various senses of Romanic-derived alloy and allege, especially the latter in an obsolete sense of "to lighten," from Latin ad- "to" + levis (see lever).
Amid the overlapping of meanings that thus arose, there was developed a perplexing network of uses of allay and allege, that belong entirely to no one of the original vbs., but combine the senses of two or more of them. [OED]
The double -l- is 17c., a mistaken Latinism. Related: Allayed; allaying.
allegation (n.): early 15c., "action of alleging," from Middle French allégation, from Latin allegationem (nominative allegatio) "a sending, despatching," noun of action from past participle stem of allegare (see allege).
allege (v.): c. 1300. It has the form of one French verb and the meaning of another. The form is Anglo-French aleger, Old French eslegier "to clear at law," from Latin ex- "out of" (see ex-) and litigare "bring suit" (see litigate); however eslegier meant "acquit, clear of charges in a lawsuit." It somehow acquired the meaning of French alléguer, from Latin allegare "send for, bring forth, name, produce in evidence," from ad- "to" (see ad-) + legare "to depute, send" (see legate). Related: Alleged; alleging.
alleged (adj.): mid-15c., "quoted," past participle adjective from allege. Attested from 1610s in sense of "brought forth in court;" 1670s as "asserted but not proved."
allegedly (adv.): 1828, from alleged + -ly (2).
alleger (n.): 1570s, agent noun from allege. The Latinate form, allegator (1680s) rarely was used, for some reason.
allegiance (n.): late 14c., from Anglo-French legaunce "loyalty of a liege-man to his lord," from Old French legeance, from liege (see liege); erroneously associated with Latin ligare "to bind;" corrupted in spelling by confusion with the now-obsolete legal term allegeance "alleviation." General figurative sense of "recognition of claims to respect or duty" is attested from 1732.
allegorical (adj.): 1520s, from French allégorique, from Latin allegoricus, from Greek allegorikos (see allegory). Earlier form was allegoric (late 14c.). Related: Allegorically.
allegory (n.): late 14c., from Old French allegorie (12c.), from Latin allegoria, from Greek allegoria "figurative language, description of one thing under the image of another," literally "a speaking about something else," from allos "another, different" (see alias (adv.)) + agoreuein "speak openly, speak in the assembly," from agora "assembly" (see agora).
allegretto: 1740, from Italian allegretto, diminutive of allegro (q.v.).
allegro: 1680s as a musical term, from Italian allegro "cheerful, gay," from Latin alacrem (nominative alacer) "lively, cheerful, brisk" (see alacrity).
allele (n.): 1931, from German allel, abbreviation of allelomorph (1902), coined from Greek allel- "one another" (from allos "other;" see alias (adv.)) + morphe "form" (see Morpheus).
alleluia: late 14c., from Latin alleluja, from Greek allelouia, from Hebrew hallelu-yah "praise Jehovah" (see hallelujah).
allemande (n.): a German dance, 1775, from French Allemande, fem. of allemand "German" (see Alemanni). As a move in country or square dancing, from 1808.
Allen: masc. proper name, variant of Alan (q.v.). In reference to wrench, key, screw, etc. with hexagonal socket or head, 1913, from the Allen Manufacturing Company of Hartford, Connecticut, U.S.
allergen (n.): substance causing allergy, 1912, from allergy on model of antigen.
allergic (adj.): 1911, from allergy + -ic; perhaps modeled on French allergique (1906). Figurative use, "antipathetic, repulsed" is from 1936.
allergy (n.): 1911, from German Allergie, coined 1906 by Austrian pediatrician Clemens E. von Pirquet (1874-1929) from Greek allos "other, different, strange" (see alias (adv.)) + ergon "activity" (see organ).
alleviate (v.): late 15c., from Middle French allevier or directly from Late Latin alleviatus, past participle of alleviare "to lighten," from Latin ad- "to" (see ad-) + levis "light" in weight (see lever). Related: Alleviated; alleviating.
alleviation (n.): early 15c., from Middle French aleviacion or directly from Medieval Latin alleviationem (nominative alleviatio), noun of action from past participle stem of alleviare (see alleviate).
alley (n.): mid-14c., "passage in a house; open passage between buildings; walkway in a garden," from Old French alee (13c., Modern French allée) "a path, passage, way, corridor," also "a going," from fem. of ale, past participle of aler "to go," which ultimately may be a contraction of Latin ambulare "to walk," or from Gallo-Roman allari, a back-formation from Latin allatus "having been brought to" [Barnhart]. Compare sense evolution of gate. Applied by c. 1500 to "long narrow enclosure for playing at bowls, skittles, etc." Used in place names from c. 1500.

The word is applied in American English to what in London is called a mews, and also is used there especially of a back-lane parallel to a main street (1729). To be up someone's alley "in someone's neighborhood" (literally or figuratively) is from 1931; alley-cat attested by 1890.
alley-way (n.): 1788, from alley + way (n.).
alliance (n.): c. 1300, "bond of marriage" (between ruling houses or noble families), from Old French aliance (12c., Modern French alliance) "alliance, bond; marriage, union," from aliier (Modern French allier) "combine, unite" (see ally (v.)). As a bond or treaty between rulers, late 14c.
allied (adj.): c. 1300, past participle adjective from ally (v.). Originally of kindred; in reference to a league or formal treaty, it is first recorded late 14c.
alligator (n.): 1560s, lagarto (modern form attested from 1620s, with excrescent -r as in tater, feller, etc.), a corruption of Spanish el lagarto (de Indias) "the lizard (of the Indies)," from Latin lacertus (see lizard). Alligarter was an early variant. The slang meaning "non-playing devotee of swing music" is attested from 1936; the phrase see you later, alligator is from a 1956 song title.
Allison: fem. proper name, a diminutive of Alice (q.v.), via Old French Alison. Popular in U.S. as a girl's name from 1990s, but all but unknown there before 1946; it was popular in England and Scotland 13c.-17c. As a surname, it could represent "Alice's son."
alliterate (v.): "to use alliteration," 1776 (implied in alliterated), back-formation from alliteration, on analogy of obliterate. Related: Alliterating.
alliteration (n.): 1650s, "a begining with the same letter," from Modern Latin alliterationem (nominative alliteratio), noun of action from past participle stem of alliterare "to begin with the same letter," from Latin ad- "to" (see ad-) + littera (also litera) "letter, script" (see letter). Formed on model of obliteration, etc. Related: Alliterational.
alliterative (adj.): 1764, from alliterate + -ive. Related: Alliteratively.