kidney (n.) Look up kidney at Dictionary.com
early 14c., kidenere, a word of unknown origin, perhaps a compound of Old English cwið "womb" (see bowel) + ey "egg" (see egg (n.)) in reference to the shape of the organ. Figurative sense of "temperament" is from 1550s. Kidney-bean is from 1540s, so called for its shape.