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Index: C

%Config hash: 21.4.1. Compiling Embedded Programs
25. Portable Perl
C, matching single byte in C language: 15.2. Effects of Character Semantics
-c (character special) file test: 3.10. Named Unary and File Test Operators
-c (check syntax) command-line switch: 19.1.3. Switches
21.1. How Perl Works
28.2. Special Variables in Alphabetical Order
-C file test operator: 3.10. Named Unary and File Test Operators
accesing Perl from enclosing framework: 18.4. Compiler Backends
C code generators: 18.5.2. The C Code Generators
C stack, storing C variables on: 18.3. Executing Your Code
C-style logical operators: 3.14. C-Style Logical (Short-Circuit) Operators
fcntl.h definitions, loading as Perl constants: 32.1.7. Operating System Interfaces
library functions: 29. Functions
library, signals triggering core dumps in: 16.1. Signals
operators missing in Perl: 3.21. C Operators Missing from Perl
operators, precedence relationships: 3. Unary and Binary Operators
Perl, extending with: 21.3. Extending Perl (Using C from Perl)
creating extensions: 21.3.2. Creating Extensions
external C library, using functions from: 21.3.4. Using Functions from an External C Library
XSUBs and XS language: 21.3.1. XS and XSUBs
Perl extensions and: 21. Internals and Externals
Perl functions, wrapping around: 21.3.1. XS and XSUBs
Perl, running from: 21.4.5. Fiddling with the Perl Stack from C
Perl, using from: 21.4. Embedding Perl (Using Perl from C)
adding Perl interpreter: 21.4.2. Adding a Perl Interpreter to Your C Program
compiling embedded Perl programs: 21.4.1. Compiling Embedded Programs
Perl statement, evaluating: 21.4.4. Evaluating a Perl Statement from C
Perl subroutine, calling from: 21.4.3. Calling a Perl Subroutine from C
XSUB input and output: 21.3.3. XSUB Input and Output
programming, differences from Perl: 24.1.3. C Traps
structs: 29.2.108. pack
syslog functions, using in Perl: 32.1.7. Operating System Interfaces
wrapper programs: 23.2.1. Unix Kernel Security Bugs
/c modifier
failed matches, searching past: 5.6.4. Progressive Matching
-C (native wide characters) command-line switch: 15.1. Building Character
/c pattern modifier: 5.2.4. The tr/// Operator (Transliteration)
C preprocessor: 19.1.3. Switches
C wildcard metasymbol: 5.3.3. Wildcard Metasymbols
Control-C: 2.6.2. String Literals
Control-C or Control-Z, generating signals with: 16.1. Signals
caching: 8.5.2. Garbage Collection, Circular References, and Weak References
callbacks: 8.3.7. Closures
caller function: 29.2.8. caller
Perl versions, changes in return value: 24.1.5. Previous Perl Traps
calling
subroutines indirectly: 6.1. Syntax
can method: 12.5.3. UNIVERSAL: The Ultimate Ancestor Class
canonical decomposition, characters: 5.4.3.2. Standard Unicode properties
characters, information on: 15.2. Effects of Character Semantics
capitalization: 2.5. Names
29.2.184. uc
barewords, problems with: 2.6.4. Or Leave the Quotes Out Entirely
changing: 5.2.4. The tr/// Operator (Transliteration)
escape sequences for: 2.6.2. String Literals
label names: 4.4. Loop Statements
lc and lcfirst functions: 29.2.82. lc
method names, tied variables: 14. Tied Variables
in module names: 32.1. Listings by Type
module names: 11.1. Using Modules
package/module names: 24.3. Programming with Style
subroutine names: 6.1. Syntax
uppercase, converting to (u escape): 5.2.3. The s/// Operator (Substitution)
capturing in patterns: 5.7.1. Capturing
suppressing in clustering: 5.7.2. Clustering
words, alphanumeric: 5.2.2. The m// Operator (Matching)
Carp module: 14.1.1. Scalar-Tying Methods
32.1.15. Warnings and Exceptions
32.3. Carp
carriage returns: 25.1. Newlines
(see also newlines)
case
case-sensitive matching, switching off: 5.9.2.1. When backslashes happen
escape sequences for: 5.3.1. Metasymbol Tables
matching, /i operator: 5.2.1. Pattern Modifiers
translation operators, using Unicode tables: 15.2. Effects of Character Semantics
case sensitivity: 5.2.4. The tr/// Operator (Transliteration)
/i modifier (case insensitive): 5.2.1. Pattern Modifiers
case statement: 4.5.1. Case Structures
case structure: 4.5.1. Case Structures
casting
strings and: 2.6. Scalar Values
cat command (Unix): 14.3.1. Hash-Tying Methods
categories of functions: 29.1. Perl Functions by Category
categories, characters: 5.4.3.2. Standard Unicode properties
cbreak option: 29.2.43. getc
C/C++ languages, static variables: 6.2.3. Scoping Issues
centering: 7.1. Format Variables
/cg pattern modifier: 5.2.2. The m// Operator (Matching)
CGI, Perl modules for: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory
32.1.9. World Wide Web
managing HTML forms with: 32.4. CGI
CGI scripts
input, evaluating (Safe module): 23.3.1.3. Safe examples
taint mode, necessity of running under: 23.1. Handling Insecure Data
CGI::Apache module: 32.1.9. World Wide Web
CGI::Carp module: 32.1.9. World Wide Web
32.5. CGI::Carp
CGI::Cookie module: 32.1.9. World Wide Web
CGI::Fast module: 32.1.9. World Wide Web
CGI::Pretty module: 32.1.9. World Wide Web
CGI::Push module: 32.1.9. World Wide Web
character classes: 1.7. Regular Expressions
5.4. Character Classes
5.9.4. The Little Engine That /Could(n't)?/
confusing with array subscripts: 2.6.5. Interpolating Array Values
custom: 5.4.1. Custom Character Classes
matching against character properties in Unicode: 15.2. Effects of Character Semantics
metasymbols used within: 5.3.1. Metasymbol Tables
Perl classic: 5.4.3.4. Defining your own character properties
Perl shortcuts for: 5.4.2. Classic Perl Character Class Shortcuts
POSIX-style: 5.4.4. POSIX-Style Character Classes
predefined, availability of: 15.2. Effects of Character Semantics
Unicode properties: 5.4.3. Unicode Properties
wildcard metasymbols and: 5.3.3. Wildcard Metasymbols
character metasymbols in character classes: 5.4.1. Custom Character Classes
character semantics, effects of: 15.2. Effects of Character Semantics
character sets
ordering and ranges of characters in: 5.2.4. The tr/// Operator (Transliteration)
portability of: 25.9. Internationalization
Unicode: 15. Unicode
characters: 2.1. Atoms
5.9.4. The Little Engine That /Could(n't)?/
prototype: 6.4. Prototypes
aliases for: 5.3.2. Specific Characters
bytes vs.: 15. Unicode
29. Functions
case of (see capitalization)
converting between fixed 8-bit and variable-length UTF-8: 15.1. Building Character
decomposition of: 5.4.3.2. Standard Unicode properties
deleting: 29.2.11. chomp
$[ variable: 28.2. Special Variables in Alphabetical Order
in formats: 29.2.108. pack
funny characters preceding variable names: 14. Tied Variables
getting ASCII values of: 29.2.106. ord
getting from ASCII values: 29.2.14. chr
getting from Unicode values: 29.2.14. chr
hexadecimal (see hexadecimal characters)
length in: 29.2.84. length
metacharacters: 5.1. The Regular Expression Bestiary
octal (see octal characters)
in patterns: 5.1. The Regular Expression Bestiary
properties: 5.4.3.4. Defining your own character properties
defining your own: 5.4.3.4. Defining your own character properties
replacing in strings: 5.2.4. The tr/// Operator (Transliteration)
single-character input: 29.2.43. getc
special: 5.9.4. The Little Engine That /Could(n't)?/
wildcard matches for: 5.3.3. Wildcard Metasymbols
charnames module: 32.1.6. Internationalization and Locale
charts, generating: 7. Formats
chdir function: 29.2.9. chdir
calling without argument: 19.2. Environment Variables
precedence and: 3.1. Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
CHECK blocks: 18.1. The Life Cycle of a Perl Program
21.1. How Perl Works
order of running: 18.7. Avant-Garde Compiler, Retro Interpreter
checking, taint: 23.1. Handling Insecure Data
checksums: 29.2.189. unpack
chemistry, Perl modules for: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory
child processes: 29.2.196. wait
(see also processes)
ID, returning: 29.2.40. fork
readable, starting: 16.3.1. Anonymous Pipes
starting writeable: 16.3.1. Anonymous Pipes
$CHILD_ERROR: 28.2. Special Variables in Alphabetical Order
chmod function: 1.3.1. How to Do It
29.2.10. chmod
chomp function: 1.4. Filehandles
29.2.11. chomp
chop function: 1.4. Filehandles
29.2.12. chop
29.2.12. chop
(see also chomp function)
chown function: 29.2.13. chown
chr function: 15.2. Effects of Character Semantics
29.2.14. chr
chroot function: 29.2.15. chroot
chroot syscall: 23.3.1.1. Restricting namespace access
circular references: 8.5.2. Garbage Collection, Circular References, and Weak References
breaking: 12.6.1. Garbage Collection with DESTROY Methods
overloading, avoiding in: 13.3. Overloadable Operators
class inheritance: 12.5. Class Inheritance
class methods: 12.1. Brief Refresher on Object-Oriented Lingo
constructors as: 12.4.1. Inheritable Constructors
package names as invocants for: 12.3. Method Invocation
Thread class: 17.2.1. The Thread Module
Class::Contract module: 12.7.5. Using Closures for Private Objects
classes: 10. Packages
12.1. Brief Refresher on Object-Oriented Lingo
base (see base classes)
data, managing for: 12.8. Managing Class Data
storing references to class data in object itself: 12.8. Managing Class Data
definitions of
object-oriented modules as: 11.1. Using Modules
derived (see derived classes)
functions dealing with: 29.1. Perl Functions by Category
generating with Class::Struct module: 12.7.2. Generating Classes with Class::Struct
implementing tie: 14. Tied Variables
implementing tied filehandles: 14.4. Tying Filehandles
implementing tied hashes: 14.3. Tying Hashes
inheritance among: 12.5. Class Inheritance
base module: 32.1.13. Perl Language Extensions and Internals
method autoloading: 12.5.4. Method Autoloading
overridden methods, accessing: 12.5.2. Accessing Overridden Methods
private methods, avoiding with: 12.5.5. Private Methods
UNIVERSAL class and: 12.5.3. UNIVERSAL: The Ultimate Ancestor Class
@ISA array, including with base pragma: 12.5.1. Inheritance Through @ISA
modules vs.: 10. Packages
objects, giving to: 12.4. Object Construction
package: 3.2. The Arrow Operator
29.2.178. tie
29.2.191. untie
packages as: 12.2. Perl's Object System
Perl: 5.4. Character Classes
pseudohash implementations of: 29.2.99. my
quoting packages for: 12.3.4. Package-Quoted Classes
scalar-tying: 14.1.1. Scalar-Tying Methods
version number, returning: 12.5.3. UNIVERSAL: The Ultimate Ancestor Class
Class::Multimethods module: 12.5.2. Accessing Overridden Methods
Class::Struct module: 32.1.1. Data Types
32.6. Class::Struct
clearing hashes: 14.3.1. Hash-Tying Methods
networking, getting name of: 16.5.2. Networking Servers
TCP: 16.5.1. Networking Clients
cloisters: 5.7.3. Cloistered Pattern Modifiers
close function: 16.3.1. Anonymous Pipes
29.2.16. close
close-on-exec flag: 28.2. Special Variables in Alphabetical Order
closedir function: 29.2.17. closedir
closing
 server connections (half-close): 16.5.1. Networking Clients
closing tied filehandles: 14.4.1. Filehandle-Tying Methods
closures: 4.8.2. Lexically Scoped Variables: my
8.3.7. Closures
assigning to glob to define subroutine: 10.2. Autoloading
creating: 6.1. Syntax
as function templates: 8.3.7.1. Closures as function templates
generating accessor methods with: 12.7.4. Generating Accessors with Closures
nested subroutines, emulating with: 8.3.7.2. Nested subroutines
private objects, using for: 12.7.5. Using Closures for Private Objects
threads: 17.2.1.1. Thread creation
clustering in patterns: 5.7.2. Clustering
without capturing, reasons for: 5.7.2. Clustering
cmp operator: 1.5.6. Some Numeric and String Comparison Operators
29.2.159. sort
code
effienciency of: 24.2.3. Programmer Efficiency
extracting and displaying with debugger: 20.2.5. Locating Code
insecure, handling: 23.3. Handling Insecure Code
code masquerading as data: 23.3.2. Code Masquerading as Data
safe compartments for: 23.3.1. Safe Compartments
safe examples: 23.3.1.3. Safe examples
mixing character semantics with byte semantics: 15.1. Building Character
reusing: 24.3. Programming with Style
code generators: 18.4. Compiler Backends
32.1.19. Perl Compiler and Code Generator
18.1. The Life Cycle of a Perl Program
18.5. Code Generators
bytecode generator: 18.5.1. The Bytecode Generator
C Code generators: 18.5.2. The C Code Generators
code subpatterns in regular expressions: 5.10.3.3. Match-time code evaluation
combining character sequence, matching with X: 5.3.3. Wildcard Metasymbols
15.2. Effects of Character Semantics
comma (,) (see comma)
command input operator (see backtick operator)
command line
calling perl interpreter from: 1.3.1. How to Do It
modules for processing: 32.1.3. Option, Argument, Parameter, and Configuration File Processing
screen appearance of: 20.3.3. Debugger Options
editing: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory
flags
: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory
switches: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory
command processing: 19.1.2. Location of Perl
commands
accessing under reduced privileges: 23.1.3. Accessing Commands and Files Under Reduced Privileges
buffering: 28.2. Special Variables in Alphabetical Order
debugger: 20.2. Debugger Commands
actions and: 20.2.6. Actions and Command Execution
breakpoints: 20.2.2. Breakpoints
for display: 20.2.4. Display
20.2.4. Display
documentation, viewing: 20.2.7. Miscellaneous Commands
locating code: 20.2.5. Locating Code
options, manipulating: 20.2.7. Miscellaneous Commands
quitting debugger: 20.2.7. Miscellaneous Commands
restarting debugger: 20.2.7. Miscellaneous Commands
stepping and running: 20.2.1. Stepping and Running
tracing: 20.2.3. Tracing
for loop control: 4.4.4. Loop Control
hashes of functions, storing in: 9.5. Hashes of Functions
history, debugger and: 20.1. Using the Debugger
names for: 1.2.2. Verbs
in pod: 26.1.2. Pod Directives
processing: 19.1. Command Processing
19.1. Command Processing
(see also interpreters; Perl interpreter)
recalling, debugger option: 20.3.3. Debugger Options
multiline: 26.1. Pod in a Nutshell
definition: 2.2. Molecules
discarding before processing: 5.9.1. Letting Perl Do the Work
extending with /x pattern modifier: 5.2.1. Pattern Modifiers
Perl vs. C syntax for: 24.1.3. C Traps
comparing
files: 32.1.4. Filenames, Filesystems, and File Locking
running time of alternate code versions: 32.1.18. Development Support
strings: 3.11. Relational Operators
24.1.1. Universal Blunders
thread objects: 17.2.1.5. Identifying threads
comparison operators: 1.5.6. Some Numeric and String Comparison Operators
1.5.6. Some Numeric and String Comparison Operators
3.12. Equality Operators
overloading: 13.3. Overloadable Operators
sort function and: 29.2.159. sort
compatibility decomposition, characters: 5.4.3.2. Standard Unicode properties
compilation: 21. Internals and Externals
order of: 18.7. Avant-Garde Compiler, Retro Interpreter
compilation phase, processing Perl program: 21.1. How Perl Works
compilation units: 2.5.1. Name Lookups
compile phase vs. compile time: 18.2. Compiling Your Code
compile time, controlling debugger during: 20.1. Using the Debugger
compiler: 28.2. Special Variables in Alphabetical Order
compiler hints: 28.2. Special Variables in Alphabetical Order
compiler, Perl
backends for: 18.4. Compiler Backends
modules related to: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory
global declarations and: 4.7. Global Declarations
regex compiler: 5.9.3. The Regex Compiler
compilers, Perl
interpreters, interaction with: 18.7. Avant-Garde Compiler, Retro Interpreter
modules related to: 32.1.19. Perl Compiler and Code Generator
compiling: 18. Compiling
compiling your code: 18.2. Compiling Your Code
embedded Perl program (in C): 21.4.1. Compiling Embedded Programs
life cycle, Perl programs
18.1. The Life Cycle of a Perl Program
code generation phase: 18.1. The Life Cycle of a Perl Program
compile phase: 18.1. The Life Cycle of a Perl Program
parse tree reconstruction: 18.1. The Life Cycle of a Perl Program
comp.lang.perl newsgroups: 0.6.2. Usenet Newsgroups
complementation (see negation)
complex data structures
creating in Perl: 9. Data Structures
representing as scalars: 1.2.1.3. Complexities
composite Unicode properties: 5.4.3.1. Perl's Unicode properties
Comprehensive Pearl Archive Network (see CPAN)
COMSPEC environment variable: 19.2. Environment Variables
concatenating strings: 1.5.2. String Operators
concatenation (.) operator: 1.5.2. String Operators
3.8. Additive Operators
24.2.1. Time Efficiency
autogeneration via stringification handler: 13.3. Overloadable Operators
string constants, overloading: 13.6. Overloading Constants
condition variables: 17.2.2.6. Condition variables
conditional (?:) operator: 3.16. Conditional Operator
4.5.1. Case Structures
conditional code execution: 1.5.5. Logical Operators
conditional context (see Boolean context)
conditional statements: 4.3. if and unless Statements
(see also if statements; unless statements)
without braces, writing: 4.2. Compound Statements
conditionals, interpolation into patterns: 5.10.3.5. Conditional interpolation
conditions, expressions in loops: 4.4.2. for Loops
Config module: 32.1.17. Module Installation Support
operating system mapping between signal names and numbers: 16.1. Signals
configuration files, Perl modules for: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory
configuration, Perl, for debugging: 19.1.3. Switches
connect function: 29.2.18. connect
shutting down: 29.2.154. shutdown
constant pragma: 10.1. Symbol Tables
constants: 10.1. Symbol Tables
inlining constant functions: 6.4.1. Inlining Constant Functions
overloading: 13.6. Overloading Constants
Perl, loading fcntl.h definitions as: 32.1.7. Operating System Interfaces
System V IPC, defining for: 32.1.8. Networking and Interprocess Communication
constructors: 8.2.3. Object Constructors
12.1. Brief Refresher on Object-Oriented Lingo
12.4. Object Construction
access checks, setting in: 12.7.5. Using Closures for Private Objects
bless function and: 12.4. Object Construction
class names or objects, working with: 12.4.1. Inheritable Constructors
inheritable: 12.4.1. Inheritable Constructors
initializers: 12.4.2. Initializers
naming: 12.4.2. Initializers
new method: 29.2.100. new
tied variable classes: 14. Tied Variables
container classes holding pointers to self-referential data structures: 12.6.1. Garbage Collection with DESTROY Methods
context: 2.7. Context
2.7. Context
Boolean context: 2.7.2. Boolean Context
interpolative (double-quoted) context: 2.7.4. Interpolative Context
scalar and list context: 2.7.1. Scalar and List Context
void: 29.2.198. wantarray
void context: 2.7.3. Void Context
context stack: 18.3. Executing Your Code
continuation lines: 4.4.4. Loop Control
28.2. Special Variables in Alphabetical Order
continue block: 4.4.1. while and until Statements
4.4.3. foreach Loops
4.4.4. Loop Control
4.4.4. Loop Control
(see also loops)
continue command (in C): 24.1.3. C Traps
contract between module and user: 11.2.1. Module Privacy and the Exporter
contractions in words, avoiding confusion with single quotes: 5.10.1. Lookaround Assertions
control characters: 2.6.2. String Literals
metasymbols in patterns: 5.3.2. Specific Characters
non-ASCII on Macintosh: 19.1.1. #! and Quoting on Non-Unix Systems
control structures: 1.6. Control Structures
truth, defining: 1.6.1. What Is Truth?
control variables: 4.4.3. foreach Loops
conversion operators
Boolean context, interpreting object in: 13.3. Overloadable Operators
numification (nonnumeric variable converted to number): 13.3. Overloadable Operators
stringification: 13.3. Overloadable Operators
converting
ASCII value to character: 29.2.14. chr
between integers and UTF-8 characters: 15.2. Effects of Character Semantics
between languages: 24.5.2. Generating Perl in Other Languages
characters to ASCII values: 29.2.106. ord
data types between C and Perl: 21.4.5. Fiddling with the Perl Stack from C
decimal numbers to binary digits or octals: 29.2.162. sprintf
decimal numbers to octal or hexadecimal: 29.2.162. sprintf
hexadecimal numbers to decimal: 29.2.73. hex
list values to strings: 29.2.78. join
29.2.108. pack
numbers to/from hexadecimal: 5.2.3. The s/// Operator (Substitution)
octal numbers to decimal: 29.2.103. oct
strings to list values: 29.2.161. split
29.2.189. unpack
time: 29.2.70. gmtime
29.2.88. localtime
Unicode value to character: 29.2.14. chr
cookies (HTTP), setting and getting: 32.1.9. World Wide Web
copy constructor: 13.4. The Copy Constructor (=)
copy-on-write semantics: 17.1. The Process Model
copying filenames or filehandles: 32.1.4. Filenames, Filesystems, and File Locking
denial-of-service problems with pattern matching: 23.3.2. Code Masquerading as Data
dump function for: 29.2.29. dump
Thread::Signal module, preventing with: 17.2.3.3. Other standard threading modules
signals triggering in C library: 16.1. Signals
core files: 19.1.3. Switches
core modules, Perl: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory
CORE pseudopackage: 11.3. Overriding Built-in Functions
12.5.2. Accessing Overridden Methods
CORE::GLOBAL pseudopackage: 11.3. Overriding Built-in Functions
cos function (cosines): 29.2.19. cos
counters, magical counter variables: 14.1.2. Magical Counter Variables
CPAN (Comprehensive Perl Archive Network): 10. Packages
1.2.1.4. Simplicities
10. Packages
11. Modules
22. CPAN
CPAN module as automated interface to: 32.8. CPAN
modules
32.1.17. Module Installation Support
32.8. CPAN
directory: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory
installing modules with: 22.2. Using CPAN Modules
portability of: 25.7. Standard Modules
building: 22.2.2. Building CPAN Modules
categories of modules: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory
creating: 22.3. Creating CPAN Modules
decompressing and unpacking: 22.2.1. Decompressing and Unpacking CPAN Modules
installing and building: 22.2. Using CPAN Modules
installing into Perl library: 22.2.3. Installing CPAN Modules into the Perl Library
subdirectories: 22. CPAN
tie modules on: 14.6. Tie Modules on CPAN
CPU
access in multitasking environment: 23.2. Handling Timing Glitches
condition variables allowing threads to relinquish: 17.2.2.6. Condition variables
CPU time: 29.2.181. times
CPU, yielding (threads): 17.2.1.7. Yielding the processor
creation time (see modification time, file)
credit cards, Perl modules for: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory
CRLF: 25.1. Newlines
(see also newlines)
in Internet programs: 16.5.2. Networking Servers
crypt function: 29.2.20. crypt
cryptography: 29.2.164. srand
$ctime file statistic: 29.2.165. stat
curly braces (see {})
1.7.1. Quantifiers
Curses, Perl modules for: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory
customization
debugger: 20.3. Debugger Customization
debugger options: 20.3.3. Debugger Options
editor support for: 20.3.1. Editor Support for Debugging
functions for: 20.5.1. Writing Your Own Debugger
init files, using: 20.3.2. Customizing with Init Files
Cwd module: 32.1.4. Filenames, Filesystems, and File Locking
current working directory for process, determining: 32.9. Cwd

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