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CULTIVATOR

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Originally appearing in Volume V07, Page 618 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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CULTIVATOR ,' also called SCUFFLER, SCARIFIER Or GRUBBER, an agricultural See also:

implement employed in breaking up See also:land or in stirring it after ploughing. The first all-See also:iron cultivator, known as 'Finlayson's grubber, was a large See also:harrow with curved See also:teeth carried on wheels, and was brought out about 1820. It was designed to meet the need for some implement of intermediate See also:character between the plough and harrow, which should stir the See also:soil deeply and expeditiously without See also:reversing it, and bring the weeds unbroken to the See also:surface. The See also:chief See also:modern improvement has been the imparting of vibratory See also:movement and hence greater stirring capacity to the tines, either by making them of See also:spring See also:steel or by fitting springs to the point of See also:attachment of the tine to the framework of the See also:machine. In its modern See also:form the implement consists of a framework fitted with rows of curved stems or tines, which may be raised clear of the ground or lowered into See also:work by means of a See also:lever, and differs from the harrow in that it is provided with two wheels, which prevent the tines from embedding themselves too deeply in the soil. The stems may be fitted either with See also:chisel-points or with broad shares, according as it is required to merely stir the soil or to bring up weeds and clean the surface. In the disk cultivator revolving disks take the See also:place of tines. The implement is usually provided with a seat for the See also:driver and is See also:drawn by horses, but See also:steam See also:power is also commonly applied to it, the See also:speed of the operation in that See also:case increasing its effectiveness. The method is the same as that of steam-ploughing (see PLOUGH).

End of Article: CULTIVATOR

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