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CASE

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Originally appearing in Volume V05, Page 444 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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CASE . (r) (From See also:

Lat. casus, that which falls or happens; cadere, to fall), a word used in various senses traceable to the derivation. In See also:grammar, the " cases " are the various forms in the declension of a noun, See also:adjective or pronoun, the Latin word being a See also:translation of the See also:Greek vr&oves, falling, applied by See also:Aristotle to the See also:variations from the See also:simple See also:form of the word, whether noun, verb or adjective (of which the adverb would be a arwo'es). Later grammarians confined the See also:term to nouns, and included the nominative. In See also:law, " case " is the See also:common term for a cause or suit brought before a See also:court of See also:justice. Certain particular legal usages may also be noted. See also:Action on the case means an action for the recovery of See also:damages for an injury to the See also:person or See also:property, where the See also:act done was not immediately injurious (see See also:CONTRACT; See also:TORT). A case stated is a statement of facts See also:drawn up by one court for the See also:opinion of another on a point of law. A See also:special case is a statement of facts agreed to on behalf of two or more litigant parties, and submitted for the opinion of a court of justice as to the law bearing upon the facts so stated. A leading case is a decision which settles some point of importance. In the legal systems of the See also:United See also:Kingdom and of the United States decided cases are considered authoritative for courts of at least equal See also:jurisdiction with those in which the judgments were given, but on the See also:continent of See also:Europe the See also:rule is, following that of the See also:Roman law, that they are instructive but not authoritative. (2) (O.

Fr. casse, mod. chdsse, Lat. capsa, from capere, to hold; cf. " See also:

cash "), a See also:box, sheath or covering. The term is applied to the natural protective covering of See also:seed-vessels, and of a pupa or chrysalis. It is also used of a box containing See also:instruments, pistols, swords, &c., and sometimes of the contents. In See also:building, a " case " is the facing where the backing may be of inferior material; the framework in which a window or See also:door is hung; or the See also:wall surrounding a See also:stair, " See also:staircase " properly signifying the whole structure of walls and stairs. In See also:bookbinding, a " case " means the boards and back in which the books are See also:bound; and in See also:typography, the See also:tray, divided into partitions, containing the type ready for the compositor's use.

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