Online Encyclopedia

Search over 40,000 articles from the original, classic Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th Edition.

WALL, RICHARD (1694-1778)

Online Encyclopedia
Originally appearing in Volume V28, Page 275 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
Spread the word: del.icio.us del.icio.us it!

See also:

WALL, See also:RICHARD (1694-1778) , diplomatist and See also:minister in the See also:Spanish service, belonged to a See also:family settled in See also:Waterford. As he was a See also:Roman See also:Catholic he was debarred from public service at See also:home, and like many of his countrymen he sought his See also:fortune in See also:Spain. He served, probably as a soldier in one of the Irish regiments of the Spanish See also:army, during the expedition to See also:Sicily in 1718, and was See also:present at the See also:sea fight off Cape Passaro. During the following years he continued to be employed as an officer, but in 1727 he was appointed secretary to the See also:duke of Liria, son of the duke of See also:Berwick, and Spanish See also:ambassador at St See also:Petersburg. Wall's knowledge of See also:languages, his adaptability, his See also:quick Irish wit and ready self-confidence made him a See also:great favourite, not only with the duke of Liria, but with other Spanish authorities. Spain was at that See also:time much dependent on the ability of foreigners, and for a See also:man of Wall's parts and See also:character there were ample openings for an important and interesting career. The See also:climate of St Petersburg seems to have been too much for him, and he soon returned to military service in See also:Italy. It is said that when he was presented to the duke of Montemar, the Spanish See also:general, and was asked who he was, he replied, " The most important See also:person in the army after your See also:excellency, for you are the See also:head of the See also:serpent, and I am the tail.” He became known to See also:Don Jose Patino, the most capable minister of See also:King See also:Philip V., and was sent by him on a See also:mission to Spanish See also:America—a very rare See also:proof of confidence towards a man of See also:foreign origin. He is also said to have laid a See also:plan for retaking See also:Jamaica from the See also:English. In 1747 he was employed in the negotiations for the See also:peace of See also:Aix-la-Chapelle, and in 1748 was named minister in See also:London. In See also:England he made himself very popular. Though an See also:exile through the operation of the Penal See also:Laws, and though he proved loyal to his adopted See also:country, he was a See also:constant See also:partisan of an English See also:alliance.

His views recommended him to the favour of King See also:

Ferdinand VI. (1746-1759), whose policy was resolutely peaceful. In 1752 Wall was recalled from London to assist in completing a treaty of See also:commerce with England, which was then being negotiated in See also:Madrid. Wall now became the See also:candidate of the English party in the Spanish See also:court for the See also:post of Minister of Foreign Affairs, in opposition to the See also:leader of the See also:French party, the See also:marquis de la See also:Ensenada. He obtained the See also:place in 1752, and in 1754 he had a large See also:share in See also:driving Ensenada from See also:office. He retained his position till 1764. The despatches of the English minister, See also:Sir See also:Benjamin See also:Keene, and of his successor, See also:Lord See also:Bristol, contain many references to Wall. They are creditable to him. Though a constant partisan of peace and See also:good relations with England, Wall was See also:firm in asserting the rights of the See also:government he served. During the See also:early stages of the Seven Years' See also:War (1756—1763) he insisted on claiming See also:compensation for the excesses of English privateers in Spanish See also:waters. He frequently complained to the English ministers of the difficulties which the violence of these adventurers put in his way. As a foreigner he was suspected of undue favour to England, and was the See also:object of incessant attacks by the French party.

The new king, See also:

Charles III. (1759—1788), continued Wall in office. When war was declared by Spain in 1761 the minister carried out the policy of the king, but he confessed to the English ambassador, Lord Bristol, that he saw the failure of his efforts to preserve peace with grief. The See also:close relations of Charles III. with the French See also:branch of the See also:House of See also:Bourbon made Wall's position as foreign minister very trying. Yet the king, who detested changing his ministers, refused all his re-quests to be allowed to retire, till Wall extorted leave in 1764 by elaborately affecting a disease of the eyes which was in fact imaginary. The king gave him handsome allowances, and a See also:grant for See also:life of the See also:crown See also:land known as the See also:Soto de See also:Roma, near See also:Granada, which was afterwards conferred on See also:Godoy, and finally given to the duke of See also:Wellington. Wall lived almost wholly at or near Granada, exercising a plentiful hospitality to all visitors, and particularly to English travellers, till his See also:death in 1778. He See also:left the reputation of an able minister and a very witty talker. A full See also:account will be found in See also:volume iv. of See also:Coxe's See also:Memoirs of the See also:Kings of Spain of the House of Bourbon (London, 1815). Further details of his early career can be gathered from the Diario del viaje a Moscovia, 1727-1730, of the duke of Liria (vol. xciii. of the Documentos ineditos See also:Para la historia de Esparta), (Madrid, 1842, et seq.).

End of Article: WALL, RICHARD (1694-1778)

Additional information and Comments

There are no comments yet for this article.
» Add information or comments to this article.
Please link directly to this article:
Highlight the code below, right click, and select "copy." Then paste it into your website, email, or other HTML.
Site content, images, and layout Copyright © 2006 - Net Industries, worldwide.
Do not copy, download, transfer, or otherwise replicate the site content in whole or in part.

Links to articles and home page are always encouraged.

[back]
WALL (O. Eng. weal, weall, Mid. Eng. wal, wane, ada...
[next]
WALLA WALLA