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GRANT, ROBERT (1814-1892)

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Originally appearing in Volume V12, Page 355 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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GRANT, See also:ROBERT (1814-1892) , See also:British astronomer, was See also:born` at See also:Grantown, See also:Scotland, on the 17th of See also:June 1814. At the See also:age of thirteen the promise of a brilliant career was clouded by a prolonged illness of such a serious See also:character as to incapacitate him from all school-See also:work for six years. At twenty, however, his See also:health greatly improved, and he set himself resolutely, without assistance, to repair his earlier disadvantages by the diligent study of See also:Greek, Latin, See also:Italian and See also:mathematics. See also:Astronomy also occupied his See also:attention, and it was stimulated by the return of See also:Halley's See also:comet in 1835, as well as by his success in observing the See also:annular See also:eclipse of the See also:sun of the 15th of May 1836. After a See also:short course at See also:King's See also:College, See also:Aberdeen, he obtained in 1841 employment in his See also:brother's counting-See also:house in See also:London. During this See also:period the See also:idea occurred to him of See also:writing a See also:history of See also:physical astronomy. Before definitely beginning the work he had to See also:search, amongst other records, those of the See also:French See also:Academy, and for that purpose took up his See also:residence in See also:Paris in 1845, supporting himself by giving lessons in See also:English. He returned to London in 1847. The History of Physical Astronomy from the Earliest Ages to the See also:Middle of the Nineteenth See also:Century was first published in parts in The Library of Useful Knowledge, but after the issue of the ninth See also:part this mode of publication was discontinued, and the work appeared as a whole in 1852. The See also:main See also:object of the work is, in the author's words, " to exhibit a view of the labours of successive inquirers in establishing a knowledge of the See also:mechanical principles which regulate the movements of the See also:celestial bodies, and in explaining the various phenomena relative to their physical constitution which observation with the See also:telescope has disclosed." The lucidity and completeness with which a See also:great variety of abstruse subjects were treated, the extent of See also:research and the maturity of See also:judgment it displayed, were the more remarkable, when it is remembered that this was the first published work of one who enjoyed no See also:special opportunities, either for acquiring materials, or for discussing with others engaged in similar pursuits the subjects it treats of. The See also:book at once took a leading See also:place in astronomical literature, and earned for its author in 1856 the See also:award of the Royal Astronomical Society's See also:gold See also:medal. In 1859 he succeeded See also:John See also:Pringle See also:Nichol as See also:professor of astronomy in the University of See also:Glasgow.

From See also:

time to time he contributed astronomical papers to the Monthly Notices, Astronomische Nachrichten, Comptes rendus and other scientific serials; but his See also:principal work at Glasgow consisted in determining the places of a large number of stars with the Ertel transit-circle of the See also:Observatory. The results of these labours, extending over twenty-one years, are contained in the Glasgow See also:Catalogue of 6415 Stars, published in 1883. This was followed in 1892 by the Second Glasgow Catalogue of 2156 Stars, published a few See also:weeks after his See also:death, which took place on the 24th of See also:October 1892. See See also:Month. Notices See also:Roy. Astr. Society, liii., 210 (E. Dunkin); Nature, Nov. 10, 1892; The Times, Nov. 2, 1892; Roy. Society's Catalogue of Scient. Papers.

(A. A.

End of Article: GRANT, ROBERT (1814-1892)

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