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KING , the See also:West See also:African name of an astringent See also:drug introduced into See also:European See also:medicine in 1757 by See also:John See also:Fothergill. When described by_him it was believed to have been brought from the See also:river See also:Gambia in West See also:Africa, and when first imported it was sold in See also:England as Gummi rubrum astringens gambiense. It was obtained from Pterocarpus erinaceus. The drug now recognized as the legitimate See also:kind is See also:East See also:Indian, See also:Malabar or See also:Amboyna kino, which is the evaporated juice obtained from incisions in the trunkof Pterocarpus Marsupium (See also:Leguminosae), though See also:Botany See also:Bay or See also:eucalyptus kino is used in See also:Australia. When exuding from the See also:- TREE (0. Eng. treo, treow, cf. Dan. tree, Swed. Odd, tree, trd, timber; allied forms are found in Russ. drevo, Gr. opus, oak, and 36pv, spear, Welsh derw, Irish darog, oak, and Skr. dare, wood)
- TREE, SIR HERBERT BEERBOHM (1853- )
tree it resembles red-See also:currant jelly, but hardens in a few See also:hours after exposure to the See also:air and See also:sun. When sufficiently dried it is packed into wooden boxes for exportation. When these are opened it breaks up into angular brittle fragments of a blackish-red coloui. and shining See also:surface. In See also:cold See also:water it is only partially dissolved, leaving a See also:pale flocculent See also:residue which is soluble in boiling water but deposited again on cooling. It is soluble in See also:alcohol and See also:caustic alkalis, but not in See also:ether.
The See also:chief constituent of the drug is kino-tannic See also:acid, which is See also:present to the extent of about 75%; it is only very slightly soluble in cold water. It is not absorbed at all from the See also:stomach and only very slowly from the See also:intestine. Other constituents are See also:- GUM (Fr. gomme, Lat. gommi, Gr. Kµµ1, possibly a Coptic word; distinguish " gum," the fleshy covering of the base of a tooth, in O. Eng. gbma, palate, cf. Ger. Gaumen, roof of the mouth; the ultimate origin is probably the root gha, to open wide, seen in
gum, See also:pyrocatechin, and kinoin, a crystalline neutral principle. Kino-red is also present in small quantity, being an oxidation product of kino-tannic acid. The useful preparations of this drug are the See also:tincture (dose 1—1 drachm), and the See also:pelvis kino compositus (dose 5—20 gr.) which contains one See also:part of See also:opium in twenty. The drug is frequently used in See also:diarrhoea, its value being due to the relative insolubility of kino-tannic acid, which enables it to affect the See also:lower part of the intestine. In this respect it is parallel with See also:catechu. It is not now used as a gargle, See also:antiseptics being recognized as the rational treatment for sore-See also:throat.
End of Article: KING
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