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See also:- GRANT (from A.-Fr. graunter, O. Fr. greanter for creanter, popular Lat. creantare, for credentare, to entrust, Lat. credere, to believe, trust)
- GRANT, ANNE (1755-1838)
- GRANT, CHARLES (1746-1823)
- GRANT, GEORGE MONRO (1835–1902)
- GRANT, JAMES (1822–1887)
- GRANT, JAMES AUGUSTUS (1827–1892)
- GRANT, ROBERT (1814-1892)
- GRANT, SIR ALEXANDER
- GRANT, SIR FRANCIS (1803-1878)
- GRANT, SIR JAMES HOPE (1808–1895)
- GRANT, SIR PATRICK (1804-1895)
- GRANT, U
- GRANT, ULYSSES SIMPSON (1822-1885)
GRANT, U . S.
See also:burg, trying one See also:plan after another without result, until at last after months of almost hopeless See also:work his perseverance was crowned with success—a success directly consequent upon a See also:strange and bizarre See also:campaign of ten See also:weeks, in which his daring and vigour were more conspicuous than ever before. On the 4th of See also:July 1863 the See also:great fortress surrendered with 29,491 men, this being one of the most important victories won by the See also:Union arms in the whole See also:war. Grant was at once made a See also:major-See also:general in the See also:regular See also:army. A few months later the great See also:reverse of Chickamauga created an alarm in the See also:North commensurate with the elation that had been See also:felt at the See also:double victory of See also:Vicksburg and See also:Gettysburg, and Grant was at once ordered to See also:Chattanooga, to decide the See also:fate of the Army of the See also:Cumberland in a second See also:battle. Four armies were placed under his command, and three of these concentrated at Chattanooga. On the 25th of See also:November 1863 a great three-days' battle ended with the crushing defeat of the Confederates, who from this See also:day had no foothold in the centre and See also:west.
After this, in preparation for a See also:grand combined effort of all the Union forces, Grant was placed in supreme command, and the See also:rank of See also:lieutenant-general revived for him (See also:March 1864). Grant's headquarters henceforth accompanied the Army of the See also:Potomac, and the lieutenant-general directed the campaign in See also:Virginia. This, with Grant's See also:driving See also:energy infused into the best army that the Union possessed, resolved itself into a See also:series, almost uninterrupted, of terrible battles. Tactically the Confederates were almost always victorious, strategically, Grant, disposing of greatly See also:superior forces, pressed back See also:- LEE
- LEE (or LEGIT) ROWLAND (d. 1543)
- LEE, ANN (1736–1784)
- LEE, ARTHUR (1740–1792)
- LEE, FITZHUGH (1835–1905)
- LEE, GEORGE ALEXANDER (1802-1851)
- LEE, HENRY (1756-1818)
- LEE, JAMES PRINCE (1804-1869)
- LEE, NATHANIEL (c. 1653-16g2)
- LEE, RICHARD HENRY (1732-1794)
- LEE, ROBERT EDWARD (1807–1870)
- LEE, SIDNEY (1859– )
- LEE, SOPHIA (1950-1824)
- LEE, STEPHEN DILL (1833-1908)
Lee and the Army of See also:Northern Virginia to the lines of See also:Richmond and See also:Peters-burg, while above all, in .pursuance of his explicit policy of " See also:attrition," the Federal See also:leader used his men with a merciless energy that has few, if any, See also:parallels in See also:modern See also:history. At See also:Cold Harbor six thousand men See also:fell in one useless See also:assault lasting an See also:hour, and after two months the Union armies See also:lay before Richmond and See also:Petersburg indeed, but had lost no fewer than 72,000 men. But Grant was unshaken in his determination. " I purpose to fight it out on this See also:line, if it takes all summer," was his See also:message from the battlefield of See also:Spottsylvania to the See also:chief of See also:staff at See also:Washington. Through many weary months he never relaxed his hold on Lee's army, and, in spite of repeated partial reverses, that would have been defeats for his predecessors, he gradually wore down his gallant adversary. The terrible cost of these operations did not check him: only on one occasion of See also:grave peril were any troops sent from his lines to serve else-where, and he See also:drew to himself the bulk of the men whom the Union See also:government was recruiting by thousands for the final effort. Meanwhile all the other See also:campaigns had been closely supervised by Grant, preoccupied though he was with the operations against his own adversary. At a See also:critical moment he actually See also:left the Virginian armies to their own commanders, and started to take See also:personal command in a threatened See also:quarter, and throughout he was in See also:close See also:touch with See also:Sherman and See also:- THOMAS
- THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
- THOMAS (d. 110o)
- THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
- THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
- THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
- THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
- THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
- THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
- THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
- THOMAS, ST
- THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
- THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)
Thomas, who conducted the campaigns on the See also:south-See also:east and the centre. That he succeeded in the efficient exercise of the chief command of armies of a See also:total strength of over one million men, operating many hundreds of See also:miles apart from each other, while at the same See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time he watched and manoeuvred against a great See also:captain and a See also:veteran army in one See also:- FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
- FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
- FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
- FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
- FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
- FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
- FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
- FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
- FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
- FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
- FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)
field of the war, must be the greatest See also:- PROOF (in M. Eng. preove, proeve, preve, &°c., from O. Fr . prueve, proeve, &c., mod. preuve, Late. Lat. proba, probate, to prove, to test the goodness of anything, probus, good)
proof of Grant's See also:powers as a general. In the end See also:complete success rewarded the sacrifices and efforts of the Federals on every See also:theatre of war; in Virginia, where Grant was in personal See also:control, the merciless policy of attrition wore down Lee's army until a See also:mere remnant was left for the final surrender.
Grant had thus brought the great struggle to an end, and was universally regarded as the saviour of the Union. A careful study of the history of the war thoroughly bears out the popular view. There were soldiers more accomplished, as was McClellan, more brilliant, as was See also:Rosecrans, and more exact, as was See also:Buell, but it would be difficult to prove that these generals, or indeed any others in the service, could have accomplished the task which Grant brought to complete success. Nor must it be sup-posed that Grant learned little from three years' campaigning
certainly impaired his usefulness as a soldier. For the next six years he lived in St See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
Louis, See also:Missouri, earning a scanty subsistence by farming and dealings in real See also:estate. In 186o he removed to See also:Galena, See also:Illinois, and became a clerk in a See also:leather See also:store kept by his fattier. At that time his earning capacity seems not to have exceeded $800 a See also:year, and he was regarded by his See also:friends as a broken and disappointed See also:man. He was living at Galena at the outbreak of hostilities between the North and South.
End of Article: GRANT, U
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