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SUPERIOR

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Originally appearing in Volume V26, Page 113 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SUPERIOR , a See also:

city, a See also:port of entry and the See also:county-seat of See also:Douglas county, See also:Wisconsin, U.S.A., about 140 M. N. by E. of Minneapolis and St See also:Paul, on Superior, St See also:Louis and Allouez bays at the See also:head of See also:Lake Superior, and directly opposite See also:Duluth, See also:Minnesota, with which it is connected by See also:ferry and by railway and road See also:bridges. Pop. (189o), 11,983; (1900), 31,091, of whom 11,419 were See also:foreign-See also:born (2854 See also:Swedish, 2404 See also:English See also:Cana- dians, 2026 See also:Norwegian, and 8o1 See also:German), and 186 were negroes; t191o, U.S. See also:census), 40,384. Superior is served by the See also:Northern Pacific, the Duluth, See also:South See also:Shore & See also:Atlantic, the Wisconsin Central, the See also:Great Northern, the Minneapolis, St Paul & Sault Ste See also:Marie, and the See also:Chicago & See also:North-Western See also:railways, and (for See also:freight only) by the Chicago, See also:Milwaukee & St Paul. A See also:belt See also:line railway connects the several systems. Superior shares with Duluth one of the finest natural inland harbours in the See also:world. The See also:harbour, which has been improved by the Federal See also:government, is formed by two narrow strips of sandy See also:land, known as Minnesota and Wisconsin Points, which extend several See also:miles across the head of the lake from the Minnesota and Wisconsin shores respectively and almost meet in the centre. The See also:body of See also:water thus formed, Superior and Allouez bays, varies in width from i to it m., and is 91 M. See also:long. St Louis See also:Bay, on the See also:west, is about 11 by 4 M. The city is situated on gently rising ground facing these bays, and has 29 M. of harbour frontage. The See also:settlement of Superior at different times and in different places is responsible for the large See also:area covered by the city (36.1 sq. m.) and its See also:appearance is that of three distinct towns.

The intervening portions have however been platted and are now largely settled. Superior is the seat of a See also:

state normal school (1896), which occupies a splendidly equipped See also:building, and, in addition to the See also:ordinary normal courses, has departments of See also:kindergarten training, See also:manual training and domestic See also:science. The city is the see of a See also:Roman See also:Catholic See also:bishop. Superior has a cheap See also:fuel See also:supply and See also:power is furnished by See also:electricity gene-rated on the St Louis See also:river. In 1905 the value of its factory products was $6,356,981. See also:Flour is the See also:principal product, and See also:shipbuilding is important. Among See also:steel See also:ships, the type known as the " whaleback " originated here; and See also:iron and wooden ships, launches and small See also:pleasure See also:craft are also made. Other manufactures are railway cars, casks, See also:cooperage, saw and planing See also:mill products, See also:furniture, wooden See also:ware, windmills, See also:gas-engines, and mattresses and See also:wire beds. Superior is an important See also:grain See also:market. Much iron and See also:copper ore is shipped from the Duluth-Superior harbour; and large quantities of See also:coal, brought by lake boats, are distributed from here throughout the See also:American and See also:Canadian North-west. The See also:total See also:tonnage of the Duluth-Superior Harbour was estimated in 19o8 to be exceeded in the See also:United States only by that of New See also:York and that of See also:Philadelphia. See also:Pierre Esprit Radisson and Medard Chouart See also:des Groseilliers probably visited the site of Superior in 1661, and it is practically certain that other See also:French coureurs-des-bois were here at different times before See also:Daniel Greysolon, Sieur Du Lhut (Duluth), established a trading See also:post in the neighbourhood about 1678.

About 182o the See also:

Hudson's Bav CaArpany established a post here, but there was no permanent settlement until aftea the See also:middle of the 19th See also:century. See also:Attention was directed to the site by a survey made by See also:George R. Stuntz, a government surveyor, in 1852, and in 1853 a See also:syndicate of capitalists, at the head of which was See also:William See also:Wilson Corcoran, the wealthy See also:Washington banker, associated with whom were Senators See also:Stephen A. Douglas (from whom the county was named), R. M. T. See also:Hunter and J. B. See also:Bright, Ex-Senator See also:Robert J. See also:Walker, Congressmen See also:John C. See also:Breckinridge and John L. See also:Dawson, and others, largely See also:Southern politicians and members of See also:Congress, bought lands here and platted a See also:town which was named Superior.

The proprietors secured in 1856 the construction of a military road to St Paul, Minnesota, 16o m. long. The town See also:

grew rapidly, and in 1856-1857 had about 2500 inhabitants. The panic of 1857 interrupted its growth, and the See also:population dwindled so that in 186o there were only a few See also:hundred settlers on the town-site. The See also:Civil See also:War increased the depression, and the lands of those who had taken See also:part against the See also:Union were confiscated. In 1862 a See also:series of stockades was built as a See also:protection from the See also:Indians. Within the area under the government of the town of Superior, which was at first co-extensive with the county, West Superior was platted in 1883 and South Superior soon afterwards. A See also:village government was established in See also:September 1887, including the three settlements mentioned, and in See also:April 1889 Superior was chartered as a city. The harbour was surveyed in 1823-1825 by Lieut. See also:Henry See also:Wolsey Bayfield (1795-1885) of the See also:British See also:Navy. In 186o-1861 it was resurveyed by See also:Captain George G. See also:Meade, who was engaged in the See also:work at the outbreak of the Civil War. A See also:branch of the Northern Pacific railway was built to Superior in 1881.

SUPP$, See also:

FRANZ VON (1820-1895), See also:Austrian musical composer, whose real name was See also:Francesco Ezechiele Ermenegildo Suppe-Demelli, was born at See also:Spalato, in See also:Dalmatia, in 182o, and died at See also:Vienna in 1895. Originally he studied See also:philosophy at the university of See also:Padua, but on the See also:death of his See also:father devoted himself to See also:music, studying at the Vienna See also:conservatoire. He began his musical -career as a conductor in one of the smaller Viennese theatres, and gradually worked his way up to be one of the most popular composers of ephemeral See also:light See also:opera of the See also:day. Outside Vienna his See also:works never won much success. Of his sixty comic operas Fatinitza (Vienna, 1876; See also:London, 1878) was the most successful, while See also:Boccaccio (Vienna, 1879; London, 1882) only enjoyed moderate favour. Suppe's See also:overture to Dichter and See also:Bauer is his most successful orchestral work. He also wrote some See also:church music.

End of Article: SUPERIOR

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