|
See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
WILLIAM (1143-1214) , See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king of See also:Scotland, surnamed " the See also:Lion," was the second son of See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry, See also:earl of See also:Huntingdon (d. 1152), a son of King See also:David I., and became king of Scotland on the See also:death of his See also:brother, See also:Malcolm IV., in See also:December 1165, being crowned at See also:Scone during the same See also:month. After his See also:accession to the See also:throne William spent some See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time at the See also:court of the See also:English king, Henry II.; then, quarrelling With Henry, he arranged in 1168 the first definite treaty of See also:alliance between See also:France and Scotland, and with See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
Louis VII. of France assisted Henry's sons in their revolt against their See also:father in 1173. In return for this aid the younger Henry granted to William the earldom of See also:Northumberland, a: See also:possession which the latter had vainly sought from the English king, and which was possibly the cause of their first estrangement. However, when ravaging the See also:country near See also:Alnwick, William was taken prisoner in See also:July 1174, and after a See also:short captivity at See also:Richmond was carried to See also:Normandy, where he soon See also:purchased his See also:release by assenting in December 1174 to the treaty of See also:Falaise. By this arrangement the king and his nobles, clerical and See also:lay, undertook to do See also:homage to Henry and his son;this and other provisions placing both the See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church and See also:state of Scotland thoroughly under the See also:suzerainty of See also:England. William's next See also:quarrel was with See also:Pope See also:Alexander III., and arose out of a See also:double choice for the vacant bishopric of St See also:Andrews. The king put forward his See also:chaplain, See also:Hugh; the pope supported the See also:arch-See also:deacon, See also:John the See also:Scot, who had been canonically elected. The usual interchange of threats and defiances followed; then after the death of Alexander in 1181 his successor, See also:Lucius III., consented to a See also:compromise by which Hugh got the coveted bishopric and John became See also:bishop of See also:Dunkeld. In 1188 William secured a papal See also:bull which declared that the Church of Scotland was directly subject only to the see of See also:Rome, thus rejecting the claims to supremacy put forward by the English See also:archbishop. This step was followed by the temporal See also:independence of Scotland, which was one result of the continual poverty of See also:Richard I. In December 1189, by the treaty of See also:Canterbury, Richard gave up all claim to suzerainty over Scotland in return for 10,000 marks, the treaty of Falaise being thus definitely annulled.
In 1186 at See also:Woodstock William married Ermengarde de See also:Beaumont, a See also:cousin of Henry II., and See also:peace with England being assured three years later, he turned his arms against the turbulent chiefs in the outlying parts of his See also:kingdom. His authority was recognized in See also:Galloway which, hitherto, had been practically See also:independent; he put an end to a formidable insurrection in See also:Moray and See also:Inverness; and a See also:series of See also:campaigns taught the far See also:north, See also:Caithness and See also:Sutherland, to respect the See also:power of the See also:crown. The See also:story of William's relations with King John is interesting, although the details are somewhat obscure. Soon after John's accession in 1199 the Scottish king asked for the earldom of Northumberland, which Richard I., like his father, had refused to restore to Scotland. John, too, refused this demand, but the threatened See also:war did not take See also:place, and in 1200 William did homage to the English king. at See also:Lincoln with the ambiguous phrase " saving his own rights." After a See also:period of inaction war between the two countries again became imminent in 1209; but a peace was made at Norham, and about three years later another amicable arrangement was reached. Both these See also:treaties seem to have been more favourable to England than to Scotland, and it is possible that William acknowledged John as overlord of his kingdom. William died at See also:Stirling on the 4th of December 1214 and was buried at See also:Arbroath. He See also:left one son, his successor Alexander II., and two daughters, See also:Margaret and See also:Isabella, who were sent to England after the treaty of 1209, and who both married English nobles, Margaret becoming the wife of See also:Hubert de See also:Burgh. He also left some illegitimate See also:children. William's reign is a very important period in the See also:early See also:history of Scotland, and may almost be said to See also:mark an See also:epoch in every See also:department of public See also:life. The relations of England and Scotland and of Scotland and France; the rise of towns, the development of See also:trade and the See also:establishment of See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order in Scotland itself; and the attitude of the Scottish Church, both to the papal see and to England, were all vitally affected by the events of this reign. William founded and richly endowed the See also:abbey at Arbroath, and many of the Scottish towns owe their origin to his charters.
See E. W. See also:Robertson, Scotland under her Early See also:Kings (See also:Edinburgh, 1862); See also:Lord See also:Hailes, See also:Annals of Scotland (Edinburgh, 1819); A. See also:Lang, History of Scotland, vol. i. (1900) ; also SCOTLAND : History.
End of Article: WILLIAM (1143-1214)
Additional information and Comments
There are no comments yet for this article.
Please link directly to this article:
Highlight the code below, right click, and select "copy." Then paste it into your website, email, or other HTML.
Site content, images, and layout Copyright © 2006 - Net Industries, worldwide.
Do not copy, download, transfer, or otherwise replicate the site content in whole or in part.
Links to articles and home page are always encouraged.
|
del.icio.us it!