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HUGH, ST

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Originally appearing in Volume V13, Page 857 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HUGH, ST . ST HUGH OF See also:AVALON (c. 1140–1200), See also:bishop of See also:Lincoln, who must be distinguished from Hugh of See also:Wells, and also from St Hugh of Lincoln (see below), was See also:born of a See also:noble See also:family at Avalon in See also:Burgundy. At the See also:age of eight he entered along with his widowed See also:father the neighbouring priory of canons See also:regular at See also:Villard-See also:Benoit, where he was ordained See also:deacon at nineteen. Appointed not See also:long after See also:prior of a dependent See also:cell, Hugh was attracted from that position by the See also:holy reputation of the monks of the Grande See also:Chartreuse, whose See also:house he finally entered despite an See also:oath to the contrary which he had given his See also:superior. There he remained about ten years, receiving See also:priest's orders, and rising to the important See also:office of See also:procurator, which brought him into contact with the See also:outer See also:world. The wide reputation for See also:energy and tact which Hugh speedily attained penetrated to the ears of See also:Henry II. of See also:England, and induced that monarch to See also:request the procurator's assistance in establishing at See also:Witham in See also:Somersetshire the first See also:English Carthusian monastery. Hugh reluctantly consented to go to England,where in a See also:short See also:time he succeeded in overcoming every obstacle, and in erecting and organizing the See also:convent, of which he was appointed first prior. He speedily became See also:prime favourite with Henry, who in 1186 procured his See also:election to the see of Lincoln. He took little See also:part in See also:political matters, maintaining as one of his See also:chief principles that a churchman should hold no See also:secular office. A sturdy upholder of what he believed to be right, he let neither royal nor ecclesiastical See also:influence interfere with his conduct, but fearlessly resisted whatever seemed to him an infringement of the rights of his See also:church or See also:diocese. But with all his See also:bluff firmness Hugh had a See also:calm See also:judgment and a ready tact, which almost invariably See also:left him a better friend than before of those whom he opposed; and the astute Henry, the impetuous See also:Richard, and the cunning See also:John, so different in other points, agreed in respecting the bishop of Lincoln.

Hugh's See also:

manners were a little rigid and harsh; but, though an ascetic to himself, he was distinguished by a broad kindliness to others, so that even the See also:Jews of Lincoln wept at his funeral. He had See also:great skill in taming birds, and for some years had a pet See also:swan, which occupies a prominent See also:place in all histories and representations of the See also:saint. In 1200 Bishop Hugh revisited his native See also:country and his first convents, and on the return See also:journey was seized with an illness, of which he died at See also:London on the 16th of See also:November 1200. He was canonized by See also:Honorius III. on the 17th of See also:February 1220. His feast See also:day is kept on the 17th of November in the See also:Roman Church. The chief See also:life of St Hugh, the Magna vita S. Hugonis, probably written by See also:Adam, afterwards See also:abbot of Eynsham, the bishop's See also:chaplain, was edited by J. F. Dimock in Rer. Britan. med. aevi script, No. See also:xxxvii. (London, 1864). See also:MSS. of this are in the Bodleian Library (See also:Digby, 165 of the 13th See also:century) and in See also:Paris (Bib.

Nat. 5575, Fonds Latin); the Paris MS. fortunately makes See also:

good the portions lacking in the See also:Oxford one. Mr Dimock also edited a Metrical Life of St Hugh of Avalon (London, 1860), from two MSS. in the See also:British Museum and the Bodleian Library. The best See also:modern source for See also:information as to St Hugh and his time is the See also:Vie de St See also:Hugues, eveque de Lincoln (1140-1200) See also:par un religieux de la Grande Chartreuse (See also:Montreuil, 1890), Eng. trans. edited by H. Thurston, S.J., with valuable appendices and notes (London, 1898). A See also:complete bibliography is given in U. See also:Chevalier, Bio-bibliographie (Paris, 1905, 2206-2207) ; see also A. See also:Potthast, Bibliotheca med. aev., 1380.

End of Article: HUGH, ST

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