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See also:NOBLE, See also:SIR See also:ANDREW (1832- ) , See also:British physicist and artillerist, was See also:born at See also:Greenock on the 15th of See also:September 1832, and was educated at See also:Edinburgh See also:Academy and at the Royal Military Academy, See also:Woolwich. In 1849 he entered the Royal See also:Artillery, attaining the See also:rank of See also:captain in 1855, and in 1857 he became secretary to the Royal Artillery Institution. About this See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time the question of the supersession of the old smooth-bores by rifled guns was coming to the fore, and on the See also:appointment of the Select See also:Committee on Rifled See also:Cannon in 1858 to See also:report on the See also:matter, he was chosen its secretary, a capacity in which he devised an ingenious method for comparing the probable accuracy of the See also:shooting attainable with each type of See also:gun. In 1859 he was appointed Assistant-Inspector of Artillery, and in the following See also:year he became a member of the See also:Ordnance Select Committee and of the Committee on See also:Explosives, serving on the latter for twenty years, until its See also:dissolution. About the same time he was prevailed upon by Sir See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William, afterwards See also:Lord, See also:Armstrong to leave the public service and take up a See also:post at See also:Elswick. Here, in the first instance, he was put in See also:charge of the ordnance See also:department, but it was not See also:long before his organizing and administrative ability and scientific attainments enlarged the See also:sphere of his See also:influence, until finally he became chairman of the See also:company. Immediately on his appointment he began a systematic investigation of the phenomena which occur when a gun is fired, some of his first experiments being designed to discover with accuracy the pressures attained in the largest guns of that time. About 1862 he invented his chronoscope for the measurement of exceedingly small intervals of time, and began to apply it in ballistic experiments for ascertaining the velocity with which the shot moves along the See also:barrel of a gun with different powders and different charges. Then he joined Sir See also:Frederick See also:Abel in a classical See also:research on " Fired See also:Gunpowder,"the experimental See also:work being largely carried on at Elswick, and the conclusions they arrived at had a See also:great effect on the progress of gunnery, for they showed how increased muzzle velocities were to be attained without increased pressures in the gun. These inquiries, in fact, enabled Elswick in 1877 to turn out the 6-in. and 8-in. guns, with velocities of over 2000 ft. per second, that obliged the British See also:government finally to give up the antiquated muzzle-loaders to which it had so obstinately adhered. Later, when the era of nitro or " smokeless " powders had begun, Captain Noble was an See also:early See also:advocate of their advantages, and when at length the British government awoke to the See also:necessity of selecting a See also:powder of that See also:character for the See also:naval and military services of Great See also:Britain, Elswick extended its hospitality to the committee that invented See also:cordite, and gave the members facilities, which were not offered by the government, for the necessary experimental work. Even after the powder was in-vented and the committee dissolved, inquiries—which it was nobody's See also:official business to make, and which therefore were not made officially—were continued at Elswick to ascertain how by suitable modifications in See also:form, See also:composition, &c., cordite might the better perform the varied duties required of it. Noble became a member of the committee appointed in 190o by Lord See also:Lansdowne to consider, among other things, the excessive erosion alleged by some of the powder's critics to be produced by it in the barrels of the guns in which it is used. He was made C.B. in 1881, promoted to be K.C.B. in 1893, and was created a See also:baronet among the See also:Coronation honours in 1902; he was also the recipient of many See also:foreign decorations and scientific honours, including a Royal See also:medal from the Royal Society in 188o, and the See also:Albert medal of the Society of Arts in 1909, He published a number of his scientific papers in a collected form as Artillery and Explosives in 1906.
End of Article: NOBLE, SIR ANDREW (1832- )
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