|
WOOLWICH , a S.E. See also:metropolitan See also:- BOROUGH (A.S. nominative burh, dative byrig, which produces some of the place-names ending in bury, a sheltered or fortified place, the camp of refuge of a tribe, the stronghold of a chieftain; cf. Ger. Burg, Fr. bor, bore, bourg)
- BOROUGH [BURROUGH, BURROWE, BORROWS], STEVEN (1525–1584)
borough of See also:London, See also:England, bounded W. by See also:Greenwich and See also:Lewisham, and ex-tending N., E. and S., to the boundary of the See also:county of London. Pop. (1901) 117,178. See also:Area, 8276.6 acres. Its N. boundary is in See also:part the See also:river See also:Thames, but it includes two See also:separate small areas on the N. See also:bank, embracing a portion of the See also:district called N. Woolwich. The area is second to that of See also:Wandsworth among the metropolitan boroughs, but is not wholly built over. The most populous part is that lying between Shooter's See also:- HILL
- HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
- HILL, A
- HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
- HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
- HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
- HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
- HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
- HILL, JAMES J
- HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
- HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
- HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
- HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
- HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)
Hill Road (the See also:Roman Watling See also:Street) and the river, the site falling from an See also:elevation of 418 ft. at Shooter's Hill to the river level. To the E. lies Plumstead, with the Plumstead marshes bordering the river to the N., and in the S. of the borough is Eltham. A large working See also:population is employed in the Royal See also:Arsenal, which occupies a large area on the river-bank, and includes the Royal See also:Gun Factory, Royal See also:Carriage See also:Department, Royal Laboratory and See also:Building See also:Works Department. The former Royal Dockyard was made over to the See also:War See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
Office in 1872 and converted into stores, wharves for the loading of troopships, &c. The Royal See also:Artillery See also:Barracks, facing Woolwich See also:Common, originally erected in 1775, has been greatly extended at different times, and consists of six ranges of See also:brick building, including a See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church in the See also:Italian See also:Gothic See also:style erected in 1863, a See also:theatre, and a library in connexion with the See also:officers' See also:mess-See also:room. Opposite the barracks is the memorial to the officers and men of the Royal Artillery who See also:fell in the See also:Crimean War, a See also:bronze figure of Victory See also:cast out of See also:cannon captured in the See also:Crimea. Near the barracks is the Royal Artillery Institution, with a See also:fine museum and a lecture See also:- HALL
- HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
- HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
- HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
- HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
- HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
- HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
- HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
- HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
- HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
- HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
- HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
- HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
- HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
- HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
- HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
- HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
- HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)
hall. On the W. of the barrack See also:- FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
- FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
- FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
- FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
- FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
- FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
- FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
- FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
- FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
- FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
- FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)
field is the Royal Military Repository, within the enclosure of which is the Rotunda, originally erected in St See also:- JAMES
- JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
- JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
- JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
- JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
- JAMES, EPISTLE OF
- JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
- JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
- JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
- JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)
James's See also:Park for the reception of the allied sovereigns in 1814, and shortly afterwards transferred to its See also:present site. It contains See also:models of the See also:principal See also:dockyards and fortifications of the See also:British See also:empire, See also:naval models of all See also:dates, and numerous specimens of weapons of war from the remotest times to the present See also:day. On the Common is the Royal Military See also:Academy, a castellated building erected from the See also:design of See also:Sir J. Wyatville in 'Sol, where cadets are trained for the artillery and engineer services. There are a number of other barracks. At the S.E. extremity of the Common is the See also:Herbert Military See also:Hospital. Among several military memorials, one in the Academy grounds was erected to the See also:Prince Imperial of See also:France, for. two years a student in the Academy. Other institutions include the Woolwich See also:polytechnic and the See also:Brook See also:fever hospital, Shooter's Hill. The See also:parish church of St See also:Mary Magdalene was rebuilt, in 1726-1729, near the site of the old one dating from before the 12th See also:century. Woolwich Common (142 acres) is partly within this borough, but mainly in Greenwich. See also:South of it is Eltham Common (37 acres), and in the E. of the borough are Plumstead Common (103 acres) and Bostall See also:Heath (134 acres). Behind the Royal Military Academy is a See also:mineral well, the " Shooter's Hill See also:waters " mentioned by See also:Evelyn. Near Woolwich Common there are brick and See also:tile kilns and See also:sand and See also:chalk pits, and there are extensive See also:market-gardens in the locality. The See also:parliamentary borough of Woolwich returns one member. The borough See also:council consists of a See also:mayor, 6 aldermen, and 6o councillors. It was only by the London See also:Government See also:Act 1899 that Woolwich was brought into See also:line with other London districts, for in 1855, as it had previously become a See also:local government district under a local See also:board, it was See also:left untouched by the See also:Metropolis Management Act.819
Woolwich (Wulewich) is mentioned in a See also:- GRANT (from A.-Fr. graunter, O. Fr. greanter for creanter, popular Lat. creantare, for credentare, to entrust, Lat. credere, to believe, trust)
- GRANT, ANNE (1755-1838)
- GRANT, CHARLES (1746-1823)
- GRANT, GEORGE MONRO (1835–1902)
- GRANT, JAMES (1822–1887)
- GRANT, JAMES AUGUSTUS (1827–1892)
- GRANT, ROBERT (1814-1892)
- GRANT, SIR ALEXANDER
- GRANT, SIR FRANCIS (1803-1878)
- GRANT, SIR JAMES HOPE (1808–1895)
- GRANT, SIR PATRICK (1804-1895)
- GRANT, U
- GRANT, ULYSSES SIMPSON (1822-1885)
grant of See also:land by See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
King See also:Edward in 964 to the See also:abbey of St See also:- PETER
- PETER (Lat. Petrus from Gr. irfpos, a rock, Ital. Pietro, Piero, Pier, Fr. Pierre, Span. Pedro, Ger. Peter, Russ. Petr)
- PETER (PEDRO)
- PETER, EPISTLES OF
- PETER, ST
Peter at See also:Ghent. In Domesday the See also:manor is mentioned as consisting of 63 acres of land. The Roman Watling Street crossed Shooter's Hill, and a Roman See also:cemetery is supposed to have occupied the site of the Royal Arsenal, numerous Roman urns and fragments of Roman pottery having been dug up in the neighbourhood. Woolwich seems to have been a small fishing See also:village until in the beginning of the 16th century it See also:rose into prominence as a dockyard and naval station. There is See also:evidence that See also:ships were built at Woolwich in the reign of See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry VII., but it was with the See also:purchase by Henry VIII. of two parcels of land in the manor of Woolwich, called See also:Boughton's Docks, that the See also:foundation of the See also:town's prosperity was laid, the launching of the " Harry See also:- GRACE (Fr. grace, Lat. gratia, from grates, beloved, pleasing; formed from the root cra-, Gr. xav-, cf. xaipw, x6p,ua, Xapts)
- GRACE, WILLIAM GILBERT (1848– )
Grace de Dieu," of woo tons See also:burden, making an See also:epoch in its See also:history. Woolwich remained the See also:chief dockyard of the See also:English See also:navy until the introduction of See also:iron See also:ship building, but the dockyard was closed in 1869. The town became the headquarters of the Royal Artillery on the See also:establishment of a separate See also:branch of this service in the reign of See also:George I. Land was probably acquired for a military See also:post and See also:store See also:depot at Woolwich in 1667, in See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order to erect batteries against the invading Dutch See also:fleet, although in 1664 mention is made of store-houses and sheds for repairing ship carriages. In 1668 guns, carriages and stores were concentrated at Woolwich, and in 1695 the laboratory was moved hither from Greenwich. Before 1716 See also:ordnance was obtained from private manufacturers and proved by the Board of Ordnance. In 1716 an See also:explosion took See also:place at the Moorfields Foundry, and it was decided to build a royal See also:brass foundry at the " See also:Tower Place," as the establishment at Woolwich was called until 1805. Founders were advertised for, and records show that See also:Andrew Schalch of See also:Douai was selected. In 1741 a school of instruction for the military branch of the ordnance was established here. It was not until 1805, however, that the collection of establishments at Woolwich became the Royal Arsenal.
See C. H. Grinling, T. A. See also:Ingram and B.
C. Polkinghorne, Survey and See also:Record of Woolwich and See also:West See also:Kent (Woolwich, 1909).
WOOLWICH-AND-See also:READING BEDS, in See also:geology, a See also:series of argillaceous and sandy deposits of See also:lower See also:Eocene See also:age found in the London and See also:Hampshire basins. By the earlier geologists this formation was known as the " Plastic See also:Clay " so called by T. See also:Webster in 1816 after the Argile plastique of G. C. F. D. See also:Cuvier and A. See also:Brongniart. It was called the " Mottled Clay " by J. See also:Prestwich in 1846, but in 1853 he proposed the name " Woolwich-and-Reading Beds " because the other terms were not applicable to the different local aspects of the series.
Three distinct types of this formation are recognized: (1) The Reading type, a series of lenticular mottled See also:clays and sands, here and there with pebbly beds and masses of fine sand converted into See also:quartzite. These beds are generally unfossiliferous. They are found in the N. and W. portions of the London See also:Basin and in the Hampshire Basin. (2) The Woolwich type, See also:grey clays and See also:pale sands, often full of estuarine shells and in places with a well-marked See also:oyster See also:bed. At the See also:base of the See also:- SHELL
- SHELL (O. Eng. scell, scyll, cf. Du. sceel, shell, Goth. skalja, tile; the word means originally a thin flake,. cf. Swed. skalja, to peel off; it is allied to " scale " and " skill," from a root meaning to cleave, divide, separate)
shell-bearing clays in S.E. London there are pebble beds and lignitic layers. The Woolwich beds occur in W. Kent, the E. See also:borders of See also:Surrey, the borders of E. Kent, in S. See also:Essex and at See also:Newhaven in See also:Sussex. (3) A third type consisting of See also:light-coloured false-bedded sands with marine fossils occurs in E. Kent. Where it rests on the See also:Thanet beds it is an argillaceous See also:greensand with rounded See also:flint pebbles; where it rests on the Chalk it is more clayey and the flints are less rounded and are See also:green-coated. Except in the Hampshire basin the Woolwich-and-Reading beds usually See also:rest on the Thanet beds, but they are found on the Chalk near See also:Bromley, Charlton, See also:Hungerford, See also:Hertford, Reading, &c. In See also:Dorsetshire the Reading beds appear on the See also:coast at Studland See also:Bay and at other points inland. The " See also:Hertfordshire See also:Pudding See also:- STONE
- STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
- STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
- STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
- STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
- STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
- STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
- STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
- STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)
Stone " is a well-known See also:rock from near the base of the formation; it is a flint pebble. See also:con-glomerate in a siliceous See also:matrix. The fossils, estuarine, See also:freshwater and marine, include Corbicula cuneiformis, C. tellinella, Ostreabellovacina, Vivaparus lentus, Planorbis hemistoma, Melania (Melanatria) inquinata, Neritina globulus, and the remains of turtles, crocodiles, sharks, birds (Gastornis) and the mammal Coryphodon. Bricks, tiles and coarse pottery and occasionally firebricks have- been made from the clay beds in this formation.
See EOCENE; also J. Prestwich, Q.J.G.S. (1854), x. ; W. See also:Whitaker, " Geology of London," Mem. Geol. Survey, i. and ii. (1889) and See also:Sheet Memoir, No. 268.
End of Article: WOOLWICH
Additional information and Comments
There are no comments yet for this article.
Please link directly to this article:
Highlight the code below, right click, and select "copy." Then paste it into your website, email, or other HTML.
Site content, images, and layout Copyright © 2006 - Net Industries, worldwide.
Do not copy, download, transfer, or otherwise replicate the site content in whole or in part.
Links to articles and home page are always encouraged.
|
del.icio.us it!