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HENRY (c. 1108-1139)

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Originally appearing in Volume V13, Page 294 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HENRY (c. 1108-1139) , surnamed the " Proud," See also:duke of See also:Saxony and See also:Bavaria, second son of Henry the See also:Black, duke of Bavaria, and Wulfhild, daughter of See also:Magnus Billung, duke of Saxony, was a member of the Well See also:family. His See also:father and See also:mother both died in 1126, and as his See also:elder See also:brother See also:Conrad had entered the See also:church, Henry became duke of Bavaria and shared the family possessions in Saxony, Bavaria and See also:Swabia with his younger brother, See also:Welf. At Whitsuntide 1 127 he was married to Gertrude, the only See also:child of the See also:German See also:king, See also:Lothair the Saxon, and at once took See also:part in the warfare between the king and the See also:Hohenstaufen See also:brothers, See also:Frederick II., duke of Swabia, and Conrad, afterwards the German king Conrad III. While engaged in this struggle Henry was also occupied in suppressing a rising in Bavaria, led by Frederick, See also:count of Bogen, during which both duke and count sought to establish their own candidates in the bishopric of See also:Regensburg. After a See also:war of devastation, Frederick submitted in 1133, and two years later the Hohenstaufen brothers made their See also:peace with Lothair. In 5136 Henry accompanied his father-in-See also:law to See also:Italy, and taking command of one See also:division of the German See also:army marched into See also:southern Italy, devastating the See also:land as he went. It was probably about this See also:time that he was invested with the margraviate of See also:Tuscany and the lands of See also:Matilda, the See also:late margravine. Having distinguished himself by his military See also:genius during this See also:campaign Henry See also:left Italy with the German troops, and was appointed by the See also:emperor as his successor in the dukedom of Saxony. When Lothair died in See also:December 1137 Henry's See also:wealth and position made him a formidable See also:candidate for the German See also:throne; but the same qualities which earned for him the surname of " Proud," aroused the See also:jealousy of the princes, and so prevented his See also:election. The new king, Conrad III., demanded the imperial insignia which were in Henry's See also:possession, and the duke in return asked for his See also:investiture with the Saxon duchy. But Conrad, who feared his See also:power, refused to assent to this on the pretext that it was unlawful for two duchies to be in one See also:hand.

Attempts at a See also:

settlement failed, and in See also:July 1138 the duke was placed under the See also:ban, and Saxony was given to See also:Albert the See also:Bear, after-wards See also:margrave of See also:Brandenburg. War See also:broke out in Saxony and Bavaria, but was cut See also:short by Henry's sudden See also:death at Quedlinburg on the loth of See also:October 1139. He was buried at See also:Konigslutter. Henry was a See also:man of See also:great ability, and his See also:early death alone prevented him from playing an important part in German See also:history. Conrad the See also:Priest, the author of the Rolandslied, was in Henry's service, and probably wrote this poem at the See also:request of the duchess, Gertrude. See S. Riezler, Geschichte Bayerns, See also:Band i. (See also:Gotha, 1878) ; W. Bernhardi, Lothar von Supplinburg (See also:Leipzig, 1879); W. von See also:Giesebrecht, Geschichte der deutschen Kai.2rzeit, Band iv. (See also:Brunswick, 1877).

End of Article: HENRY (c. 1108-1139)

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