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BRONGNIART, ALEXANDRE (1770-1847)
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See also:BRONGNIART, See also:ALEXANDRE (1770-1847) , See also:French mineralogist and geologist, son of the eminent architect who designed the See also:Bourse and other public buildings of See also:Paris, was See also:born in that See also:city on the 5th of See also:February 1770. At an See also:early See also:age he studied See also:chemistry, under See also:Lavoisier, and after passing through the Icole See also:des Mines he took honours at the Ecole de Medecine; subsequently he joined the See also:army of the See also:Pyrenees as pharmacien; but having committed some slight See also:political offence, he was thrown into See also:prison and detained there for some See also:time. Soon after his See also:release he was appointed See also:professor of natural See also:history in the See also:College des Quatre Nations. In 1800 he was made director of the Sevres See also:porcelain factory, a See also:post which he retained to his See also:death, and in which he achieved his greatest See also:work. In his hands Sevres became the leading porcelain factory in See also:Europe, and the researches of an able See also:band of assistants enabled him to See also:lay the See also:foundations of ceramic chemistry. In addition to his work at Sevres, quite enough to engross the entire See also:energy of any See also:ordinary See also:man, he continued his more purely scientific work. He succeeded See also:Hauy as professor of See also:mineralogy in the Museum of Natural History; but he did not confine himself to mineralogy, for it is to him that we owe the See also:division of See also:Reptiles into the four orders of Saurians, Batrachians, Chelonians and Ophidians. Fossil as well as living animals engaged his See also:attention, and in his studies of the strata around Paris he was instrumental in establishing the See also:Tertiary formations. In 1816 he was elected to the See also:Academy; and in the following See also:year he visited the See also:Alps of See also:Switzerland and See also:Italy, and afterwards See also:Sweden and See also:Norway. The result of his observations was published from time to time in the See also:Journal des Mines and other scientific See also:journals. Wide as was the range of his interests his most famous work was accomplished at Sevres, and his most enduring See also:monument is his classic Traite des arts ceramiques (1844). He died in Paris on the 7th of See also:October 1847. His other See also:principal See also:works are:—Traite elimentaire de mineralogie, avec des applications aux arts (2 vols., Paris, 1807); Histoire naturelle des crustaces fossiles (Paris, 1822) ; See also:Classification et caracteres mineralogiques des roches homogenes et heterogenes (Paris, 1827) ; the Tableau des terrains qui composent l' ecorce du globe, ou Essai sur.la structure de la partie connue de la terre (Paris, 1829) ; and the Traite des arts ceramiques (1844).•, Brongniart was also the coadjutor of See also:Cuvier in the admirable Essai sur la geographic mineralogique des environs de Paris (Paris, 181i); originally published in See also:Ann. See also:Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris, xi. 18o8). Additional information and CommentsThere are no comments yet for this article.
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