POLITICAL DIVISIONS] See also:

• EVIDENCE (Lat. evidentia, evideri, to appear clearly)

The Huavis inhabit four small villages among the lagoons on the southern See also:

• SHORE

Settled government, settled habits, remunerative employment and opportunities for the improvement of their See also:

• CONDITION (Lat. condicio, from condicere, to agree upon, arrange; not connected with conditio, from condere, conditum, to put together)

2,950 See also:

• IO2

2,272 65,115 Colima . 20,698 Durango . . 38,009 370,294 Durango 31,092 See also:

• GUANAJUATO, or GUANAXUATO
• GUANAJUATO, or SANTA FE DE GUANAJUATO

. 101,208 Mexico . . 9,247 934,463 See also:

• TOLUCA, or TOLOCCAN

12,204 1,021,133 Puebla . 93,152 See also:

• QUERETARO

10,072 159,834 San Juan Bau- See also:

• TISTA

11,275 150,098 Tepic 15,488 See also:

• QUINTANA, MANUEL JOSE (1772-1857)

4932), a famous See also:

• PORT

In 188o concessions were granted to the F.C. Occidental, F.C. Central Mexicano, F.C. Nacional Mexicano and three others of less importance, aggregating nearly 3500 M. The first three of these have become important factors in the development of Mexico. The first runs southward from the capital to Oaxaca through the rich sub-tropical states of Puebla and Oaxaca, and the other two run northward from the same point to the American frontier. These two lines, popularly called the Mexican Central and Mexican See also:

• NATIONAL

Another line built with American capital and in connexion with American railway interests extends southward from Nogales, on the northern frontier, to Hermosillo, Guaymas and Mazatlan; it is to be extended to Guadalajara and possibly to other points in southern Mexico. Monterrey is connected with Tampico by a Belgian line known as the F.C. de Monterrey al Golfo Mexicano, and the capital is to have See also:

• DIRECT

The railway has been built by the Mexican government as a transcontinental route for inter-national See also:

• COMMERCE
• COMMERCE (Lat. commercium, from, cum, together, and rnerx, merchandise)

Wireless telegraphy was represented in 1908 by a connexion between Mazatlan and Lower California, which was in successful operation. See also:

• TELEPHONE (Gr. rjXs, far, and dxwvr7, voice)

The foreign trade has shown a steady increase during the period of industrial development, to which better means of transport have been an invaluable aid. In 1906-1907 the imports were valued at $111,234,968 U.S. gold, and the exports at $123,512,969, of which very nearly one half consisted of See also:

• PRECIOUS (O. Fr. precios, mod. precieux, Lat. pretiosus, of high value or price, pretium)

This region has, for the most part, a temperate climate, and produces wheat, See also:

• BARLEY (Hordeum sativum)

A fertile soil, abundant rainfall and high temperatures have covered these mountain slopes and See also:

• LOWLAND

Its cultivation is the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

The See also:

• HORSE (a word common to Teutonic languages in such forms as hors, hros, ros; cf. the Ger. ross)

The largest herds are to be found in Chihuahua and Durango. Above 5000 ft. the wild pasturage is See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

The greater part is consumed in the country, but there is a considerable export of cattle to the United States, See also:

• CUBA (the aboriginal name)

Agricultural and See also:

• PASTORAL (from Lat. pastor, a shepherd)

They have been opened up by American capitalists and the coal is used on the railways passing through that region. Mexican coal is of a See also:

• LOW, SETH (1850- )
• LOW, WILL HICOK (1853- )

The sugar crop of 1907-1908 was reported,as 123,285 metric tons, in addition to which the See also:

• MOLASSES

Statistical returns, however, are some-what incomplete and conflicting, and cannot be used with confidence. Coarse fabrics chiefly are manufactured, but the product also comprises percales, See also:

• FINE

Constitution.—Under the Constitution of the 5th of See also:

• FEBRUARY

Two See also:

• ORDINARY (med. Lat. ordinarius, Fr. ordinaire)

The supreme court is composed of 11 " ministros " or justices, four alternates, a " fiscal " or public prosecutor and the attorneygeneral—all elected by popular vote for a term of six years. It has See also:

• JURISDICTION
• JURISDICTION, CRIMINAL LAW, DIVORCE

This force represented the See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

Education.—Education in Mexico may be said to have entered upon a progressive phase. The institutions founded by the Spaniards were wholly under ecclesiastical See also:

• CONTROL (Fr. contrdle, older form contre rolle, from Med. Lat. contra-rotulus, a counter roll or copy of a document used to check the original; there is no instance in English of the use of " control " in this, its literal, meaning)

The best See also:

• PROOF (in M. Eng. preove, proeve, preve, &°c., from O. Fr . prueve, proeve, &c., mod. preuve, Late. Lat. proba, probate, to prove, to test the goodness of anything, probus, good)

In the official report for 1904 the number of public schools, exclusive of See also:

• INFANT (in early forms enfaunt, enfant, through the Fr. enfant, from Lat. infans, in, not, and fans, the present participle of fari, to speak)

The constitution of 1857 grants See also:

• TOLERATION (from Lat. tolerare, to endure)

Finance.—The national revenues are derived from import and export duties, port dues and other taxes levied on foreign commerce; from See also:

• EXCISE (derived through the Dutch, excijs or accijs, possibly from Late Lat. accensare,—ad, to, and census, tax; the word owes something to a confusion with excisum, cut out)

States . . . . 24,519,926 pesos 23,557,968 pesos Municipalities . . 14,605,022 ,, 14,160,132 The taxes See also:

• COVER (from the Fr. convert, from couvrir, to cover, Lat. cooperire)

According to Matias Romero (Mexico and the United States, 1898), a new type of indebtedness was inaugurated in 185o in the shape of an internal debt payable in silver. Other loans and obligations contracted during periods of disorder were afterwards consolidated under this type, and later on unpaid railway subsidies were also included. The rate of interest is from 3 % to 5 %, and both principal and interest are payable in silver. The rapid development of railway construction has largely increased this part of the public debt, the revenues of the country being insufficient to meet the subsidy obligations, but as the railways are built for the development of valuable resources and the opening of needed trade communications, the increase has occasioned no loss of credit. At the end of 1908 the total public indebtedness of the republic was: Foreign, or gold debt, including City of Mexico loan . . Internal, or silver debt $130,892,100 Floating debt 860,495 $131,752,595 0r£13,175,259 Total . . . . £44,102,607 The fiscal or tax valuation of property throughout the republic in 1904 was computed to be—the fiscal scal value being two-thirds of the real value: See also:

• URBAN
• URBAN (Urbanus)

5 pesos, , 2 (the first' called a hidalgo " andx the second a " medio hidalgo ").