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TERMINUS

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Originally appearing in Volume V26, Page 643 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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TERMINUS , in See also:

Roman See also:mythology, the 'See also:god of boundaries, the See also:protector of the limits both of private See also:property and of the public territory of See also:Rome. He was represented by a See also:stone or See also:post, set up in the ground with the following religious ceremonies. A See also:trench was dug, in which a See also:fire was lighted; a victim was sacrificed, and its See also:blood poured into the trench; the See also:body, upon which See also:incense and fruits, See also:honey and See also:wine were thrown, was then See also:cast into the fire. When it was entirely consumed, the boundary stone, which had been previously anointed and crowned with garlands, was placed upon the hot ashes and fixed in the ground. Any one who removed a boundary stone was accursed (sacer) and might be slain with impunity; a See also:fine was afterwards substituted for the See also:death See also:penalty. On the 23rd of See also:February (the end of the old Roman See also:year) the festival called Terminalia, according to Wissowa a festival not of the god but of the boundary stones (termini), was held. The owners of adjacent lands assembled at the See also:common boundary stone, and crowned their own See also:side of .the stone with garlands; an See also:altar was set up and offerings of cakes, See also:corn, honey and wine were made (later, a See also:lamb or a sucking See also:pig was sacrificed). The proceedings closed with songs to the god and a See also:general merry-making, in which all the members of the See also:family and the servants took See also:part. A similar festival was also held at the old boundary of the Roman territory between the fifth and See also:sixth milestones on the road to Laurentum. The See also:custom of fixing the boundaries of property and the institution of the yearly festival were both ascribed to Numa. Another See also:Sabine See also:prince, See also:Titus Tatius, had dedicated a stone to Terminus on the Capitoline See also:hill. When Tarquinius Superbus desired to build a See also:temple to See also:Jupiter, the auguries forbade its removal, and it was enclosed within the walls of the new See also:sanctuary, an indication of the immovability of such stones and of the permanence of the Roman territory.

Terminus was probably in its origin only an epithet of Jupiter. The fact of the inclusion of his statue in the temple of Jupiter Capitolinus; the hole cut in the temple roof so that he might be worshipped in the open See also:

air as being, like Jupiter, a god of 1 See also:Agathocles was a native of Thermae. the See also:sky; and the later See also:assumption of a Jupiter Terminus or Terminalis (cf. the See also:Greek See also:Zeus i pws) support this view. See See also:Dion. Halic. ii. 74; See also:Plutarch, Numa, 16, Quaest. Rom., 15; See also:Livy i. 55; See also:Horace, Epodes, ii. 59; See also:Ovid, See also:Fasti, ii. 637, 6.77; Siculus See also:Flaccus in See also:Gromatici veteres, ed. See also:Lachmann (1848); G. Wissowa, See also:Religion and Kultus der Romer (1902) ; W.

W. See also:

Fowler, The Roman Festivals (1899) ; G. Jourde, Le Culte du dieu Terme (See also:Paris, 1886).

End of Article: TERMINUS

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TERMINI IMERESE (anc. Thermae Himeraeae)
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