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See also:TEMPLE, See also:RICHARD See also:GRENVILLE-TEMPLE, 1ST See also:EARL (1711-1779), See also:English statesman, eldest son of Richard Grenville (d. 1727) of Wootton, See also:Buckinghamshire, was See also:born on the 26th of See also:September 1711. His See also:mother was Hester (c. 1690-1752), daughter, and ultimately heiress, of See also:Sir Richard Temple, See also:Bart. (1634-1697), of See also:Stowe, Buckinghamshire,' and See also:sister of Richard Temple, See also:Viscount See also:Cobham, whose See also:title she inherited under a See also:special See also:remainder in 1749; in the same See also:year, her See also:husband having been See also:long dead, she was created Countess Temple. Her son, Richard Grenville, was educated at See also:Eton, and in 1734 was returned to See also:parliament as member for the See also:- BOROUGH (A.S. nominative burh, dative byrig, which produces some of the place-names ending in bury, a sheltered or fortified place, the camp of refuge of a tribe, the stronghold of a chieftain; cf. Ger. Burg, Fr. bor, bore, bourg)
- BOROUGH [BURROUGH, BURROWE, BORROWS], STEVEN (1525–1584)
borough of Bucking-See also:ham. In 1752, on the See also:death of his mother, he inherited her titles together with the See also:rich estates of Stowe and Wootton; and he then took the name of Temple in addition to his own surname of Grenville. The turning point in his See also:political fortunes was the See also:marriage of his sister Hester in 1754 to See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William See also:Pitt, afterwards earl of See also:Chatham. Although See also:Lord Temple was a See also:man of little ability and indifferent See also:character, Pitt persistently linked his own career with that of his See also:brother-in-See also:law. In See also:November 1756 Temple became first lord of the See also:admiralty in the See also:ministry of See also:Devonshire and Pitt. He was intensely disliked by See also:George II., who dismissed both him and Pitt from See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office in See also:April 1757. But when the memorable See also:coalition See also:cabinet of See also:Newcastle and Pitt was formed in See also:June of the same year, Temple received the office of privy See also:seal. kie alone in the cabinet supported Pitt's proposal to declare ,See also:var with See also:Spain in 1761, and they resigned together on the 5th of See also:October. From this See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time Temple became one of the most violent and factious of politicians, and it is difficult to See also:account for the See also:influence, wholly evil, which he exerted over his illustrious brother-in-law. He himself is said to have avowed that " he loved See also:faction, and had a See also:great See also:deal of See also:money to spare." He was at variance with his younger brother, George Grenville, when the latter became first 'lord of the See also:treasury in April 1763, and he had no See also:place in that ministry; but the See also:brothers were reconciled before 1765, when Temple, who probably aimed at forming a ministry mainly confined to his own See also:family connexions, refused to join the See also:government, and persuaded Pitt to refuse likewise. A few See also:weeks later the See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king offered the most liberal terms to induce Pitt to See also:form or join an See also:administration; and " a ministry directed by that great statesman," says See also:Lecky, " would have been beyond all comparison the most advantageous to the See also:country; it had no serious difficulty to encounter, and Pitt himself was now ready to undertake the task, but the evil See also:genius of Lord Temple again prevailed. Without his co-operation Pitt could not, or would not proceed, and Temple absolutely refused to take office even in the foremost place." Pitt's continued refusal to join the first See also:Rockingham administration was no doubt partly due to the same disastrous influence, though before the See also:close of 1765 the old friendship between the brothers-in-law was dissolving; and when at last in See also:July 1766 Pitt consented to form a government, Temple refused to join; being bitterly offended because, although offered the See also:head of the treasury, he was not to be allowed an equal See also:share with Pitt in nominating to other offices. Temple forthwith began to inspire the most virulent libels against Pitt; and in See also:conjunction with his brother George he concentrated the whole Grenville connexion in hostility to the government. After George Grenville's death in 1770 Lord Temple retired almost completely from public See also:life. He died on the 12th of September 1779.
' The Temple family belonged originally to See also:Leicestershire, where, at Temple See also:- HALL
- HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
- HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
- HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
- HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
- HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
- HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
- HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
- HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
- HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
- HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
- HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
- HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
- HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
- HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
- HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
- HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
- HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)
Hall, the See also:elder See also:line had resided since the 14th See also:century. See also:- PETER
- PETER (Lat. Petrus from Gr. irfpos, a rock, Ital. Pietro, Piero, Pier, Fr. Pierre, Span. Pedro, Ger. Peter, Russ. Petr)
- PETER (PEDRO)
- PETER, EPISTLES OF
- PETER, ST
Peter Temple (1600-1663), the See also:regicide, was a member of this elder line; a younger See also:branch had settled in See also:Oxfordshire and passed thence to Buckinghamshire, where See also:John Temple See also:purchased Stowe in 1589. This John was brother of See also:Anthony, who was great-grandfather of Sir William Temple, the famous statesman. John Temple's son See also:- THOMAS
- THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
- THOMAS (d. 110o)
- THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
- THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
- THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
- THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
- THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
- THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
- THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
- THOMAS, ST
- THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
- THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)
Thomas, who was created a See also:baronet in 1611, was the great-grandfather of Earl Temple.
Lord Temple was entirely without statesmanship; he possessed an insatiable appetite for intrigue, and is said to have been the author of several See also:anonymous libels, and the inspirer of many more. See also:Macaulay's well-known comparison of him with a See also:mole working below " in some foul, crooked See also:labyrinth whenever a heap of dirt was flung up," which perpetuates the See also:spleen of See also:Horace See also:Walpole, perhaps exceeds the See also:justice of the See also:case; but there can be no question that Temple's character as a public man was rated very See also:low by his contemporaries. In private life he used his great See also:wealth with generosity to his relations, See also:friends and dependents. Pitt was under pecuniary See also:obligation to him. He paid the See also:costs incurred by Wilkes in litigation, and he provided the agitator with the See also:freehold qualification which enabled him to stand for See also:Middlesex in the famous See also:election of 1768.
In addition to the estates he inherited, Temple gained a considerable See also:fortune by his marriage in 1737 with See also:Anne, daughter and co-heiress of Thomas See also:Chambers of Hanworth, Middlesex; a See also:volume of poems by her was printed at the See also:Strawberry See also:- HILL
- HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
- HILL, A
- HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
- HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
- HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
- HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
- HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
- HILL, JAMES J
- HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
- HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
- HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
- HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
- HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)
Hill See also:press in 1764. The only issue of the marriage being a daughter who died in See also:infancy, Temple was succeeded in the earldom by his See also:nephew George (1753-1813), second son of George Grenville the See also:prime See also:minister, who then assumed in addition to the name of Grenville not only the name of Temple, but also that of See also:Nugent, his wife being daughter and co-heiress of See also:Robert, Viscount See also:Clare, afterwards Earl Nugent. The 2nd Earl Temple was lord-See also:lieutenant of See also:Ireland in 1782–3; in 1784 was created See also:marquess of See also:- BUCKINGHAM
- BUCKINGHAM, EARLS, MARQUESSES AND DUKES OF
- BUCKINGHAM, FIRST DUKE
- BUCKINGHAM, GEORGE VILLIERS, 1ST DUKE 0E1
- BUCKINGHAM, GEORGE VILLIERS, 2ND DUKE 0E1 (1628-1687)
- BUCKINGHAM, HENRY STAFFORD, 2ND DUKE OF3 (1454-1483)
- BUCKINGHAM, JAMES SILK (1786-1855)
Buckingham; and was again lord-lieutenant of Ireland in 1787-9.
His son and successor, Richard Temple-Nugent-See also:Brydges-See also:Chandos-Grenville (1776-1839), was created See also:duke of Buckingham and Chandos in 1822, his wife being only daughter of the 3rd duke of Chandos; he was in the same patent created Earl Temple of Stowe, with special remainder as regards this title, in virtue of which, on the death without male issue in 1889 of the 3rd duke of Buckingham and Chandos and the consequent extinction of the See also:original earldom of Temple, the title of Earl Temple of Stowe devolved upon William See also:Stephen See also:Gore-See also:Langton (1847-1902), whose mother was granddaughter of the 1st duke of Buckingham, grantee of this earldom. In 1902 Algernon William Stephen Temple-Gore-Langton (b. 1871) became 5th Earl Temple.
See The Grenville Papers (See also:London, 1852), a considerable portion of which consists of Earl Temple's See also:correspondence; Horace Walpole, See also:Memoirs of the Reign of George II., 3 vols. (London, 1847) ; Memoirs of the Reign of George III., 4 vols. (London, 1845 and 1894) ; Earl See also:Waldegrave, Memoirs 1154—8 (London, 1821) ; Sir N. W. See also:Wraxall, See also:Historical Memoirs, edited by H. B. See also:Wheatley, 5 vols. (London, 1884) ; Correspondence of Chatham, edited by W. S. See also:- TAYLOR
- TAYLOR, ANN (1782-1866)
- TAYLOR, BAYARD (1825–1878)
- TAYLOR, BROOK (1685–1731)
- TAYLOR, ISAAC (1787-1865)
- TAYLOR, ISAAC (1829-1901)
- TAYLOR, JEREMY (1613-1667)
- TAYLOR, JOHN (158o-1653)
- TAYLOR, JOHN (1704-1766)
- TAYLOR, JOSEPH (c. 1586-c. 1653)
- TAYLOR, MICHAEL ANGELO (1757–1834)
- TAYLOR, NATHANIEL WILLIAM (1786-1858)
- TAYLOR, PHILIP MEADOWS (1808–1876)
- TAYLOR, ROWLAND (d. 1555)
- TAYLOR, SIR HENRY (1800-1886)
- TAYLOR, THOMAS (1758-1835)
- TAYLOR, TOM (1817-1880)
- TAYLOR, WILLIAM (1765-1836)
- TAYLOR, ZACHARY (1784-1850)
Taylor and J. H. See also:Pringle, 4 vols. (London, 1838—4o); W. E. H. Lecky, See also:History of See also:England in the Eighteenth Century, vols. ii. and iii. (7 vols., London, 1892). (R. J.
End of Article: TEMPLE, RICHARD
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