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CLARE, JOHN (1793-1864)

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Originally appearing in Volume V06, Page 425 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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CLARE, See also:JOHN (1793-1864) , See also:English poet, commonly known as " the See also:Northamptonshire See also:Peasant Poet," the son of a See also:farm labourer, was See also:born at Helpstone near See also:Peterborough, on the 13th of See also:July 1793. At the See also:age of seven he was taken from school to tend See also:sheep and geese; four years later he began to See also:work on a farm, attending in the See also:winter evenings a school where he is said to have learnt some See also:algebra. He then became a pot-boy in a public-See also:house and See also:fell in love with See also:Mary Joyce, but her See also:father, a prosperous See also:farmer, forbade her to meet him. Subsequently he was gardener at See also:Burghley See also:Park. He enlisted in the See also:militia, tried See also:camp See also:life with See also:gipsies, and worked as a See also:lime burner in 1817, but in the following See also:year he was obliged to accept See also:parish See also:relief. Clare had bought a copy of See also:Thomson's Seasons out of his scanty earnings and had begun to write poems. In 1819 a bookseller at See also:Stamford, named See also:Drury, lighted on one of Clare's poems, The Setting See also:Sun, written on a scrap of See also:paper enclosing a See also:note to his predecessor in the business. He befriended the author and introduced his poems to the See also:notice of John See also:Taylor, of the See also:publishing See also:firm of Taylor & Hussey, who issued the Poems Descriptive of Rural Life and Scenery in 182o. This See also:book was highly praised, and in the next year his See also:Village See also:Minstrel and other Poems were published. He was greatly patronized; fame, in the shape of curious visitors, See also:broke the See also:tenor of his life, and the convivial habits that he had formed were indulged more freely. He had married in 1820, and an See also:annuity of 15 guineas from See also:Lord See also:Exeter, in whose service he had been, was supplemented by subscription, and he became possessed of £45 annually, a sum far beyond what he had ever earned, but new wants made his income insufficient, and in 1823 he was nearly penniless. The Shepherd's See also:Calendar (1827) met with little success, which was not increased by his hawking it himself.

As he worked again on the See also:

fields his See also:health temporarily improved; but he soon became seriously See also:ill. Lord See also:Fitzwilliam presented him with a new cottage and a piece of ground, but Clare could not See also:settle in his new See also:home. Gradually his mind gave way. His last and best work, the Rural Musa (1835), was noticed by " See also:Christopher See also:North " alone. He had for some See also:time shown symptoms of See also:insanity; and in July 1837 he was removed to a private See also:asylum, and afterwards to the See also:Northampton See also:general lunatic asylum, where he died on the loth of May 1864. Clare's descriptions of rural scenes show a keen and loving appreciation of nature, and his love-songs and See also:ballads See also:charm by their genuine feeling; but his See also:vogue was no doubt largely due to the See also:interest aroused by his humble position in life. See the Life of John Clare, by See also:Frederick See also:Martin (1865) ; and Life and Remains of John Clare, by J. L. See also:Cherry (1873), which, though not so See also:complete, contains some of the poet's asylum verses and See also:prose fragments.

End of Article: CLARE, JOHN (1793-1864)

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