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TAYLOR, BAYARD (1825–1878)

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Originally appearing in Volume V26, Page 467 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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TAYLOR, See also:BAYARD (1825–1878) , See also:American author, was See also:born at See also:Kennett Square in See also:Chester See also:county, See also:Pennsylvania, on the filth of See also:January 1825. The son of a well-to-do See also:farmer, he received his See also:early instruction in an See also:academy at See also:West Chester, and later at Unionville. At the See also:age of seventeen he was apprenticed to a printer in West Chester. A little See also:volume, published at See also:Philadelphia in 1844 under the See also:title Ximena, or the See also:Battle of the Sierra Morena, and other Poems, brought its author a little See also:cash; and indirectly it did him better service as the means of his introduction to The New See also:York See also:Tribune. With the See also:money thus obtained, and with an advance made to him on See also:account of some journalistic See also:work to be done in See also:Europe, " J. B. Taylor " (as he had up to this See also:time signed himself, though he See also:bore no other See also:Christian name than Bayard) set See also:sail for the See also:East. The See also:young poet spent a happy time in roaming through certain districts of See also:England, See also:France, See also:Germany and See also:Italy; that he was a born traveller is evident from the fact that this pedestrian tour of almost two years cost him only £See also:loo. The graphic accounts which he sent from Europe to The New York Tribune, The Saturday Evening See also:Post, and The See also:United States See also:Gazette were so highly appreciated that on Taylor's return to See also:America he was advised to throw his articles into See also:book See also:form. In 1846, accordingly, appeared his Views Afoot, or Europe seen with Knapsack and See also:Staff (2 vols., New York). This pleasant book had considerable popularity, and its author now found himself a recognized See also:man of letters; moreover, See also:Horace See also:Greeley, then editor of the Tribune, placed Taylor on the Tribune staff (1848) thus securing him a certain if a moderate income. His next See also:journey, made when the See also:gold-See also:fever was at its height, was to See also:California, as correspondent for the Tribune; from this expedition he returned by way of See also:Mexico, and, seeing his opportunity, published (2 vols., New York, 185o) a highly successful book of travels, entitled El Dorado; or, Adventures in the Path of See also:Empire.

Ten thousand copies were said to have been sold in America, and See also:

thirty thousand in See also:Great See also:Britain, within a fortnight from the date of issue. Bayard Taylor always considered himself native to the East, and it was with great delight that in 1851 he found himself on the See also:banks of the See also:Nile. He ascended as far as 12° 30' N., and stored his memory with countless See also:sights and delights, to many of which he afterwards gave expression in metrical form. From England, towards the end of 1852, he sailed for See also:Calcutta, proceeding thence to See also:China, where he joined the expedition of See also:Commodore See also:Perry to See also:Japan. The results of these journeys (besides his poetical memorials) were A Journey to Central See also:Africa; or, See also:Life and Landscapes from See also:Egypt to the See also:Negro Kingdoms of the See also:White Nile (New York, 1854); The Lands of the Saracen; or, Pictures of-TAYLOR, See also:BROOK 467 See also:Palestine, See also:Asia See also:Minor, See also:Sicily and See also:Spain (1854); and A Visit to See also:India, China and Japan in the See also:Year 1853 (1855). On his return (See also:December 20, 1853) from these various journeyings he entered, with marked success, upon the career of a public lecturer, delivering addresses in every See also:town of importance from See also:Maine to See also:Wisconsin. After two years' experience of this lucrative profession, he again started on his travels, on this occasion for See also:northern Europe, his See also:special See also:object being the study of See also:Swedish life, See also:language and literature. The most noteworthy result was the See also:long narrative poem Lars, but his " Swedish Letters " to the Tribune were also republished, under the title Northern Travel: Summer and See also:Winter Pictures (See also:London, 1857). His first wife, May See also:Agnew, died (1850) within a year of her See also:marriage, and in See also:October 1857 he married Maria See also:Hansen, the daughter of See also:Peter Hansen, the See also:German astronomer. The ensuing winter was spent in See also:Greece. In 1859 Taylor once more traversed the whole extent of the western American gold region, the See also:primary cause of the journey lying in an invitation to lecture at See also:San Francisco. About three years later he entered the See also:diplomatic service as secretary of See also:legation at St See also:Petersburg, and the following year (1863) became See also:charge d'affaires at the See also:Russian See also:capital.

In 1864 he returned to the United States and resumed his active See also:

literary labours, and it was at this See also:period that Hannah Thurston (New York, 1863), the first of his four novels, was published. This book had a moderate success, but neither in it nor in its successors did Bayard Taylor betray any special See also:talent as a novelist. In 1874 he, went to See also:Iceland, to See also:report for the Tribune the one thousandth anniversary of the first See also:settlement there. In See also:June 1878 he was accredited United States See also:minister at See also:Berlin. Notwithstanding the resistless See also:passion for travel which had always possessed him, Bayard Taylor was (when not actually en route) sedentary in his habits, especially in the later years of his life. His See also:death occurred on the 19th of December, only a few months after his arrival in' Berlin. Taylor's most ambitious productions in See also:poetry—his Masque of the Gods (See also:Boston, 1872), See also:Prince Deukalion; a lyrical See also:drama (Boston, 1878), The Picture of St See also:John (Boston, 1866), Lars; a See also:Pastoral of See also:Norway (Boston, 1873), and The See also:Prophet; a tragedy (Boston, 1874)—are marred by a ceaseless effort to overstrain his See also:power. But he will be remembered by his poetic and excellent See also:translation of See also:Faust (2 vols., Boston, 187o–71) in the See also:original metres. Taylor See also:felt, in all truth, " the torment and the See also:ecstasy of See also:verse "; but, as a See also:critical friend has written of him, " his nature was so ardent, so full-blooded, that slight and See also:common sensations intoxicated him, and he estimated their effect, and his power to transmit it to others, beyond the true value." He had, from the earliest period at which he began to compose, a distinct lyrical See also:faculty: so keen indeed was his See also:ear that he became too insistently haunted by the See also:music of others, pre-eminently of See also:Tennyson. But he had often a true and See also:fine See also:note of his own. His best See also:short poems are " The See also:Metempsychosis of the See also:Pine " and the well-known Bedouin love-See also:song. In his critical essays Bayard Taylor had himself in no inconsiderable degree what he wrote of as " that pure poetic insight which is the vital spirit of See also:criticism." The most valuable of these See also:prose See also:dissertations are the Studies in German Literature (New York, 1879).

Collected See also:

editions of his Poetical See also:Works and his Dramatic Works were published at Boston in 1888; his Life and Letters (Boston, 2 vols., 1884) were edited by his wife and Horace E. Scudder. See also See also:Albert H. See also:Smyth, Bayard Taylor (Boston, 1896), in the " American Men of Letters " See also:series; and W. D. See also:Howells's Literary See also:Friends and Acquaintances (1900).

End of Article: TAYLOR, BAYARD (1825–1878)

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