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Originally appearing in Volume V08, Page 550 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.

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WHITE . White to move and win. Problem No. 2 is a See also:

FINE

fine example of another class of problems, namely, " strokes." It is formed from the " See also:

Paisley " opening, thus: 11-16 22-17 II-16 26-19 9-13 15-10 24-19 9-13 25-21 4-8 25-22 a 2-7 8-II 17-14 6-9 29-25 7-II 28-24 10-17 23-18 13-17 19-15 16-20 21-14 16-23 31-26 12-16 a. This forms the position on the See also:

DIAGRAM

diagram. The See also:

SOLUTION (from Lat. solvere, to loosen, dissolve)

solution is as follows: 27-23 7-14 18-9 14-23 26-3 20-27 9-6 5-14 21-7 27-31 14-9 I-I0 23-18 3-10 3-7 White wins. Jacques and See also:

Campbell. Other Varieties.—The forms of See also:

DRAUGHTS (from AS. dragan, to draw)

draughts practised on the See also:

EUROPEAN

European See also:

CONTINENT (from Lat. continere, "to hold together "; hence " connected," " continuous ")

continent differ in some respects from the See also:

ENGLISH

English variety, chiefly in respect of the See also:

POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power assigned to a See also:

man after " crowning." The See also:

GAME

game of See also:

POLISH

Polish Draughts is played in See also:

France, See also:

Holland, See also:

Belgium and See also:

Poland, where it has entirely superseded Le Jeu de dames a to francaise. It is played on a See also:

BOARD (O. Eng. bord)

board of too squares with 20 men a See also:

side. The men move and See also:

CAPTURE (from Lat. capere, to take; Fr. prise maritime; Ger. Wegnahme)

capture as in English draughts, except that in capturing they move either forward or backward. A crowned man becomes a See also:

queen, and can move any number of squares along the See also:

DIAGONAL (Gr. &a, through, ywvia, a corner)

diagonal. In her capture she takes any unguarded man or queen in any diagonal she commands, leaping over the captured man or queen and remaining on any unoccupied square she chooses of the same diagonal, beyond the piece taken.

But if there is another unguarded man she is See also:

BOUND, or BOUNDARY (from O. Fr. bonde, Med. Lat. bodena or butina, a frontier line)

bound to choose the diagonal on which it can be taken. For example (using an English See also:

DRAUGHT (from the common Teutonic word " to draw "; cf. Ger. 7'racht, load; the pronunciation led to the variant form " draft," now confined to certain specific meanings)

draught-board) See also:

PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place a queen on square 29 and adverse men at squares 22, 16, 24, 14. The queen is bound to move from 29 to II, 2o, 27, and having made the captures to remain at 9 or 5, whichever she prefers. The capturing queen or man must take all the adverse pieces that are en prise, or 24-6 2-9 17-I0 8-11 See also:

DRAWN

Drawn. R. See also:

Jordan. a. 11-15, 24-20 forms the " See also:

AYRSHIRE

Ayrshire Lassie " opening, so named by Wyllie. It is generally held to admit of unusual See also:

SCOPE (through Ital. scopo, aim, purpose, intent, from Gr. o'KOaos, mark to shoot at, aim, o ic07reiv, to see, whence the termination in telescope, microscope, &c.)

scope for the 14-21, c 8-II 27-18 15-18 16-7 15-22 14-19 2-1I 25-18 6-15 22-18 10-15 17-14 14-23 18-14 II-16 550 that become so by the uncovering of any square from which a piece has been removed during the capture, e.g. white queen at square 7, See also:

black at squares to, 18, 19, 22 and 27, the queen captures at to, 22, 27 and 19, and the piece at 22 being now removed, she must go to 15, take the man at 18, and stay at 22, 25 or 29. In consequence of the intricacy of some of these moves, it is customary to remove every captured piece as it is taken. If a man arrives at a crowning square when taking, and he can still continue to take, he must do so, and not stay on the crowning square as at draughts. Passing a crowning square in taking does not entitle him to be made a queen.

In capturing, the player must choose the direction by which he can take the greatest number of men or queens, or he may be huffed. Numerical power is the criterion, e.g. three men must be taken in preference to two queens. If the See also:

numbers are equal and one force comprises more queens than the other, the player may take which-ever See also:

lot he chooses. This See also:

FORM (Lat. forma)

form of draughts, played on a board of 144 squares with 30 men a side, is extensively practised by See also:

BRITISH

British soldiers in See also:

India. The See also:

German Damenspiel is Polish draughts played on a board of the same See also:

SIZE

size and with the same number of men as in the English game. It is sometimes called See also:

Minor Polish draughts, and is practised in See also:

Germany and See also:

Russia. The See also:

ITALIAN

Italian game differs from the English in two important particulars—a man may not take a See also:

king, and when a player has the See also:

OPTION (Lat. optio, choice, choosing, optare, to choose)

option of capturing pieces in more than one way he must take in the manner which captures most pieces. There is a difference too in the placing of the board, the black square in the corner of the board being at the player's right See also:

hand, but until a king is obtained the See also:

DIFFERENCES, CALCULUS OF (Theory of Finite Differences)

differences from the English See also:

SYSTEM

system are unimportant in practice. In See also:

SPANISH

Spanish draughts the board is set as for the Italian game. The men move as in English draughts, but, in capturing, the largest possible number of pieces must be taken, and the king has the same See also:

POWERS, HIRAM (1805-1873)

powers as in the Polish game. The game does not differ essentially from the English game until a king is obtained, and many See also:

GAMES, CLASSICAL

games from Spanish See also:

WORKS

works will be found incorporated in English books. Some-times the game is played with it men and a king, or to men and.

2 See also:

KINGS, FIRST AND SECOND BOOKS OF

kings a side, instead of the regulation 12 men. See also:

TURKISH

Turkish draughts differs widely from all other See also:

MODERN

modern varieties of the game. It is played on a board of 64 squares, all of which are used in See also:

PLAY

play. Each player has 16 pieces, which are not placed on the two back rows of squares, as in See also:

CHESS

chess, but on the second and third back rows. The pieces do not move diagonally as in other forms of the game, but straight forward or to the right or See also:

LEFT

left horizontally. The king has the same command of a See also:

HORIZONTAL

horizontal or See also:

VERTICAL (from Lat. vertex, highest point)

vertical See also:

ROW, JOHN (c. 1525—1580)

row of squares that the queen in Polish draughts has over a diagonal. Capturing is compulsory, and the greatest possible number of pieces must be taken, captured pieces being removed one at a.See also:

time as taken. AutHORTTIEs.—Falkener's Games See also:

Ancient and See also:

ORIENTAL

Oriental; Lees' See also:

GUIDE (in Mid. Eng. gyde, from the Fr. guide; the earlier French form was guie, English " guy," the d was due to the Italian form guida; the ultimate origin is probably Teutonic, the word being connected with the base seen in O. Eng. witan, to know)

Guide to the Game of Draughts; See also:

Drummond's Scottish Draught Players (Kear's reprint) ; See also:

Gould's Memorable Matches and See also:

BOOK

Book of Problems, &c. The Draughts See also:

WORLD

World is the See also:

PRINCIPAL

principal See also:

MAGAZINE

magazine devoted to the game. In See also:

DUNNE, FINLEY PETER (1867- )

Dunne's Draught Players' Guide and See also:

COMPANION (through the O. Fr. compaignon or compagnon, from the Late Lat. companio,—cum, with, and panis, bread,—one who shares meals with another; the word has been wrongly derived from the Late Lat. compagnus, one of the same pages or district)

Companion a See also:

section is devoted to the non-English varieties. (J. M.

M. D.; R.

End of Article: WHITE

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