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CAMPBELL, GEORGE (1719–1796)

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Originally appearing in Volume V05, Page 128 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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CAMPBELL, See also:GEORGE (1719–1796) , Scottish theologian, was See also:born at See also:Aberdeen on the 25th of See also:December 1719. His See also:father, the Rev. See also:Colin Campbell, one of the ministers of Aberdeen, the son of George Campbell of Westhall, who claimed to belong to the See also:Argyll See also:branch of the See also:family, died in 1728, leaving a widow and six See also:children in somewhat straitened circumstances. George, the youngest son, was destined for the legal profession, and after attending the See also:grammar school of Aberdeen and the arts classes at Marischal See also:College; he was sent to See also:Edinburgh to serve as an apprentice to a writer to the Signet. While at Edinburgh he attended the theological lectures, and when the See also:term of his See also:apprenticeship expired, he was enrolled as a See also:regular student in the Aberdeen divinity See also:hall. After a distinguished career he was, in 1746, licensed to preach by the See also:presbytery of Aberdeen. From 1748 to 1757 he was See also:minister of Banchory Ternan, a See also:parish on the See also:Dee, some 20 M. from Aberdeen. He then transferred to Aberdeen, which was at the See also:time a centre of considerable intellectual activity. See also:Thomas See also:Reid was See also:professor of See also:philosophy at See also:King's College; See also:John See also:Gregory (1724–1773), Reid's predecessor, held the See also:chair of See also:medicine; See also:Alexander See also:Gerard (1728–1795) was professor of divinity at Marischal College; and in 176o See also:James See also:Beattie (1735–1803) became professor of moral philosophy in the same college. These men, with others of less See also:note, formed themselves in 1758 into a society for the discussions of questions in philosophy. Reid was its first secretary, and Campbell one of its founders. It lasted till about 1773, and during this See also:period numerous papers were read, particularly those by Reid and Campbell, which were afterwards See also:expanded and published.

In 1759 Campbell was made See also:

principal of Marischal College. In 1763 he published his celebrated Dissertation on Miracles, in which he seeks to show, in opposition to See also:Hume, that miracles are capable of See also:proof by testimony, and that the miracles of See also:Christianity are sufficiently attested. There is no See also:contradiction, he argues, as Hume said there was, between what we know by testimony and the See also:evidence upon which a See also:law of nature is based; they are of a different description indeed, but we can without inconsistency believe that both are true. The Dissertation is not a See also:complete See also:treatise upon miracles, but with all deductions it was and still is a valuable contribution to theological literature. In 1771 Campbell was elected professor of See also:theology at Marischal College, and resigned his See also:city See also:charge, although he still preached as minister of Greyfriars, a See also:duty then attached to the chair. His Philosophy of See also:Rhetoric, planned at Banchory Ternan years before, appeared in 1776, and at once took a high See also:place among books on the subject. In 1778 his last and in some respects his greatest See also:work appeared, A New See also:Translation of the Gospels. The See also:critical and explanatory notes which accompanied it gave the See also:book a high value. In 1795 he was compelled by increasing weakness to resign the offices he held in Marischal College, and on his retirement he received a See also:pension of £300 from the king. . He died on the 31st of See also:March 1796. His Lectures on Ecclesiastical See also:History were published after his See also:death with a See also:biographical See also:notice by G. S.

See also:

Keith; there is a See also:uniform edition of his See also:works in 6 vols.

End of Article: CAMPBELL, GEORGE (1719–1796)

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