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ABERDEEN, GEORGE GORDON, 1ST EARL O (...

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Originally appearing in Volume V01, Page 46 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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ABERDEEN, See also:GEORGE See also:GORDON, 1ST See also:EARL O (1637-1720) , See also:lord See also:chancellor of See also:Scotland, son of See also:Sir See also:John Gordon, 1st See also:baronet of Haddo, See also:Aberdeenshire, executed by the Presbyterians in 1644, was See also:born on the 3rd of See also:October 1637. He graduated M.A., and was chosen See also:professor at See also:King's See also:College, Aberdeen, in 1658. Subsequently he travelled and studied See also:civil See also:law abroad. At the Res oration the See also:sequestration of his See also:father's lands was annulled, and in 1665 he succeeded by the See also:death of his-'See also:elder See also:brother to the baronetcy and estates. He returned See also:home in 1667, was admitted See also:advocate in 1668 and gained a high,legal reputation. He represented Aberdeenshire in the Scottish See also:parliament of 1660 and in the following assemblies, during his first session strongly opposing the projected See also:union of the two legislatures. In See also:November 1678 he was made a privy councillor for Scotland, and in 168o was raised to the See also:bench as Lord Haddo. He was a leading member of the See also:duke of See also:York's See also:administration, was 'created a lord of session' in See also:June and in November 1681 See also:president of the See also:court. The same See also:year he is reported as moving in the See also:council for the See also:torture of witnesses.' In 1682 he was made lord chancellor of Scotland, and was created, on the 13th of November, earl of Aberdeen, See also:Viscount Formartine, and Lord Haddo, Methlick, Tarves and Kellie, in the Scottish See also:peerage, being appointed also See also:sheriff See also:principal of Aberdeenshire and Midlothian. See also:Burnet reflects unfavourably upon him, calls him a proud and covetous See also:man," and declares " the new chancellor exceeded all that had gone before him." 2 He executed the See also:laws enforcing religious conformity with severity, and filled the See also:parish churches, but resisted the excessive See also:measures of tyranny pre-scribed by the See also:English See also:government; and in consequence of an intrigue of the duke of See also:Queensberry and Lord See also:Perth; who gained the duchess of See also:Portsmouth with a See also:present of £27,000, he was dismissed in 1684. After his fall he was subjected to various See also:petty prosecutions by his victorious rivals with the view of discovering some See also:act of maladministration on which to found a See also:charge against him, but the investigations only served to strengthen his See also:credit. He took an active See also:part in parliament in 1685 and r686, but remained a non-juror during the See also:whale of See also:William's reign, being frequently fined for his non-attendance, and took the oaths for the first See also:time after See also:Anne's See also:accession, on the 11th of May 1703.

In the See also:

great affair of the Union in 1707, while protesting against the Completion of the treaty till the act declaring the Scots aliens should be repealed, he refused to support the opposition to the measure itself and refrained from attending parliament when the treaty was settled. He died on the loth of See also:April 1720, after having amassed a large See also:fortune. He is described by John See also:Mackay as " very knowing in the laws and constitution of his See also:country and' is believed to be the solidest statesman in Scotland, a See also:fine orator, speaks slow but, sure." Sir J. See also:Lauder's Hist. Notices (See also:Bannatyne See also:Club, 1848), p. 297. 2 Hist. of his own Times, i. 523. His See also:person was said to be deformed, and his " want of mine or deportment " was alleged as a disqualification for the See also:office of lord chancellor. He married Anne, daughter and See also:sole heiress of George See also:Lockhart of Torbrecks, by whom he had six See also:children, his only surviving son, William, succeeding him as 2nd earl of Aberdeen. See Letters to George, earl of Aberdeen (with memoir: See also:Spalding Club, 1851); Hist. See also:Account of the Senators of the College of See also:Justice, by G.

See also:

Brunton and D. Haig (1832), p. 408; G. See also:Crawfurd's Lives of the See also:Officers of See also:State (1726), p. 226; See also:Memoirs of Affairs in Scotland, by Sir G. See also:Mackenzie (1821), p. 148; Sir J. Lauder's (Lord Fountainhall) See also:Journals (Scottish Hist. Society, vol. See also:xxxvi., 'goo) ; J. Mackay's Memoirs (1733), p. 215; A. See also:Lang's Hist. of Scotland, 369, 376.

(P. C.

End of Article: ABERDEEN, GEORGE GORDON, 1ST EARL O (1637-1720)

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