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CHARGE

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Originally appearing in Volume V05, Page 859 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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CHARGE D'AFFAIRES (Fr. for " in charge of business "), the See also:

title of two classes of See also:diplomatic agents. (1) Charges d'affaires (ministees charges d'affaires), who were placed by the reglement of the See also:congress of See also:Vienna in the 4th class of diplomatic agents, are heads of permanent See also:missions accredited to countries to which, for some See also:reason, it is not possible or not desirable to send agents of a higher See also:rank. They are distinguished from these latter by the fact that their See also:credentials are addressed by the See also:minister for See also:foreign affairs of the See also:state which they are to represent to the minister for foreign affairs of the receiving state. Though still occasionally accredited, ministers of this class are now rare. They have See also:precedence over the other class of charges d'affaires. (2) Charges d'a ffaires per See also:interim, or charges See also:des affaires, are those who are presented as such, either verbally or in See also:writing, by heads of missions of the first, second or third rank to the minister for foreign affairs of the state to which they are accredited, when they leave their See also:post temporarily, or pending the arrival of their successor. It is usual to appoint a counsellor or secretary of See also:legation charge d'affaires. Some governments are accustomed to give the title of minister to such charges d'affaires, which ranks them with the other heads of legation. Essentially charges d'affaires do not differ from ambassadors, envoys or ministers See also:resident. They represent their nation, and enjoy the same privileges and immunities as other diplomatic agents (see See also:DIPLOMACY).

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