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GERARD (d. I1o8)

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Originally appearing in Volume V11, Page 764 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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GERARD (d. I1o8) , See also:archbishop of See also:York under See also:Henry I., began his career as a See also:chancery clerk in the service of See also:William See also:Rufus. He was one of the two royal envoys who, in 1095, persuaded See also:Urban II. to send a See also:legate and See also:Anselm's See also:pallium to See also:England. Although the legate disappointed the See also:king's expectations, Gerard was rewarded for his services with the see of See also:Hereford (I0g6). On the See also:death of Rufus he at once declared for Henry I., by whom he was nominated to the see of York. He made difficulties when required to give Anselm the usual profession of obedience; and it was perhaps to assert the importance of his see that he took the king's See also:side on the question of investitures. He pleaded Henry's cause at See also:Rome with See also:great ability, and claimed that he had obtained a promise, on the See also:pope's See also:part, to condone the existing practice of See also:lay See also:investiture. But this statement was contradicted by See also:Paschal, and Gerard incurred the suspicion of See also:perjury. About 1103 he wrote or inspired a See also:series of tracts which defended the king's See also:prerogative and attacked the See also:oecumenical pretensions of the papacy with great freedom of See also:language. He changed sides in 1105, becoming a stanch friend and sup-See also:porter of Anselm. Gerard was a See also:man of considerable learning and ability; but the chroniclers accuse of being lax in his morals, an astrologer and a worshipper of the See also:devil. See the Tractatus Eboracenses edited by H.

Bochmer in Libelli de lite Sacerdotii et Imperii, vol. iii. (in the Monumenta hist. Germaniae, See also:

quarto series), and the same author's Kirche and Staat in England and in der Normandie (See also:Leipzig, 1899). (H. W. C.

End of Article: GERARD (d. I1o8)

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