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PRINGLE, SIR JOHN (1707–1782)

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Originally appearing in Volume V22, Page 350 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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PRINGLE, See also:SIR See also:JOHN (1707–1782) , See also:British physician, was the younger son of Sir John Pringle, of Stitchel, See also:Roxburghshire, and was See also:born on the loth of See also:April 1707. He was educated at St See also:Andrews, at See also:Edinburgh, and at See also:Leiden. He took the degree of See also:doctor of physic at the last-named university, where he was an intimate friend of G. See also:van Swieten and A. von See also:Haller. He settled in Edinburgh at first as a physician, but after 1734 also acted as See also:professor of moral See also:philosophy in the university. In 1742 he became physician to the See also:earl of See also:Stair, then commanding the British See also:army in See also:Flanders, and in 1744 was appointed by the See also:duke of See also:Cumberland physician-See also:general to the forces in the See also:Low Countries. In 1749, having settled in See also:London, he was made physician in See also:ordinary to the duke of Cumberland; and in 1752 he married a daughter of Dr See also:William See also:Oliver (1695–1764) of See also:Bath, the inventor of " Bath Oliver " biscuits. Subsequently he received other See also:court appointments as physician, and in 1766 was made a See also:baronet. His first See also:book, Observations on the Nature and Cure of See also:Hospital and Jayl Fevers, was published in 1750, and in the same See also:year he contributed to the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society three papers on " Experiments on Septic and Antiseptic Substances," which gained him the See also:Copley See also:medal. Two years later he published his important See also:work, Observations on the Diseases of the Army in See also:Camp and See also:Garrison, which entitles him to be regarded as the founder of See also:modern military See also:medicine. In See also:November 1772 he was elected See also:president of the Royal Society. In this capacity he delivered six " discourses," which were afterwards collected into a single See also:volume (1783). After passing his seventieth year he resigned his See also:presidency and removed to Edinburgh in 178o, but returned to London in See also:September 1781, and died on the r8th of See also:January following.

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monument to him in See also:Westminster See also:Abbey, executed by Nollekens. ; A See also:Life of Pringle by See also:Andrew See also:Kippis is prefixed to the volume containing the Six Discourses. The library of the See also:College of Physicians of Edinburgh possesses ten See also:folio volumes of his unedited See also:MSS. including an See also:essay " On See also:Air, See also:Climate, See also:Diet and Exercise." There are doges on him by Vicq d'Azyr and See also:Condorcet.

End of Article: PRINGLE, SIR JOHN (1707–1782)

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