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PROTECTOR

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Originally appearing in Volume V22, Page 468 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.

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PROTECTOR , a Latin word (formed from prolegere, to See also:

COVER (from the Fr. convert, from couvrir, to cover, Lat. cooperire)

cover in front) adopted into See also:

ENGLISH

English. In See also:

POST

post-classical Latin the protectores were the See also:

BODY

body-See also:

GUARDS, AND HOUSEHOLD TROOPS

guards of the emperors, and of the Praetorian prefects until, under See also:

CONSTANTINE

Constantine the See also:

GREAT

Great (306-337), they ceased to exercise military functions. The protectores, with the domestici, continued to See also:

FORM (Lat. forma)

form the body-guard and See also:

HOUSEHOLD, ROYAL

household troops of the See also:

EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor. They were veterans selected from the legions, and were capable of being appointed to high commands. In the See also:

ROMAN

Roman See also:

CURIA

curia the protectores regnorum are cardinals who take See also:

charge of the affairs of the " See also:

province " to which they are named which come before the Sacred See also:

COLLEGE (Collegium)

College, and to See also:

PRESENT

present them for See also:

CONSIDERATION (from Lat. considerare, to look at closely, examine, generally taken to be from con-, and the base seen in sidus, sideris, a star, the word being supposed to be originally an astrological or astronomical term)

consideration. In See also:

England " protector " was used first for the See also:

REGENT (from Lat. regere, to rule)

regent during a minority (e.g. the Protector See also:

Somerset, and then by See also:

Oliver See also:

Cromwell when he assumed the See also:

government in 1653). The name thus acquired a revolutionary significance, and has not since been officially used in England. In See also:

SPANISH

Spanish See also:

AMERICA

America the bishops were officially protectors of the See also:

INDIANS, NORTH AMERICAN

Indians. The See also:

TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title is convenient for a ruler who wishes to exercise See also:

CONTROL (Fr. contrdle, older form contre rolle, from Med. Lat. contra-rotulus, a counter roll or copy of a document used to check the original; there is no instance in English of the use of " control " in this, its literal, meaning)

control outside the limits of his See also:

DIRECT

direct See also:

SOVEREIGNTY

sovereignty. Thus See also:

NAPOLEON

Napoleon called himself protector of the See also:

CONFEDERATION (Fr. confederation, Lat. confoederatio, from foedus, a league, foederare, to form a league)

Confederation of the See also:

RHINE (Lat. Rhenus, Ger. Rhein, Fr. Rhin, Dutch Rhyn, or Rijn)

Rhine. The See also:

KINGS, FIRST AND SECOND BOOKS OF

kings of See also:

France, and the governments which have arisen out of the Revolution, were protectors of the Latin Christians in the See also:

TURKISH

Turkish See also:

EMPIRE

Empire, while the tsars of See also:

Russia have claimed the same position towards the Orthodox Christians. See App.

B. to vol. ii. of See also:

Bury's edition of the Decline and Fall (See also:

LONDON

London, 1896) ; Du Cange, Glossarium See also:

LAT

lat. ; See also:

Sorel, L'See also:

EUROPE

Europe et la revolution francaise, vol. vii. (See also:

Paris, 1904).

End of Article: PROTECTOR

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