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NAPOLEON

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Originally appearing in Volume V19, Page 216 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.

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NAPOLEON , a See also:

ROUND (O. Fr. rond, Lat. rotundus, the Fr. is the source also of Du. rond; Ger., Swed., Dan. and Nor. rond)

round See also:

GAME

game of See also:

CARDS, PLAYING

cards (known colloquially as " See also:

Nap "). Any number may See also:

PLAY

play. The cards See also:

RANK (O.Fr. rant or rent, mod. rang, generally connected with the O.E. and O.H.G. bring, a ring)

rank as at See also:

WHIST

whist, and five are dealt to each player. The See also:

DEAL

deal being completed, the player to the dealer's See also:

LEFT

left looks at his See also:

hand and declares how many tricks he would play to win against all the See also:

REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest, the usual See also:

RULE

rule being that more than one must be declared; in See also:

DEFAULT (Fr. defaut, from defailler, to fail, Lat. fallere)

default of declaring he says " I pass," and the next player has a similar See also:

OPTION (Lat. optio, choice, choosing, optare, to choose)

option of either declaring to make more tricks or passing, and so on all round. A See also:

DECLARATION (from Lat. declarare, to make fully clear, clams)

declaration of five tricks is called " going Nap." The player who declares to make most has to try to make them, and the others, but without consultation, to prevent him. The declaring hand has the first See also:

lead, and the first card he leads makes the See also:

TRUMP (1) (O. Fr. trompe)

trump suit. The players, in rotation, must follow suit if able. If the declarer succeeds in making at least the number of tricks he stood for he wins whatever stakes are played for; if not he loses. If the player declaring Nap wins he receives See also:

double stakes all round; if he loses he only pays single stakes all round. Sometimes, however, a player is allowed to go " See also:

Wellington " over " Nap," and even "See also:

BLUCHER, GEBHARD LEBERECHT VON (1742—1819)

Blucher" over" Wellington." In these cases the caller of " Wellington " wins four times the stake and loses twice the stake, the caller of " Blucher " receives six times and loses three times the stake. Sometimes a player is allowed to declare misere, i.e. no tricks. This ranks, as a declaration, between three and four, but the player pays a double stake on three, if he wins a See also:

TRICK

trick, and receives a single on three if he takes none.

End of Article: NAPOLEON

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