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JALAP

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Originally appearing in Volume V15, Page 131 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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JALAP , a cathartic See also:

drug consisting of the tuberous roots of Ipomaea Purge, a convolvulaceous plant growing on the eastern declivities of the Mexican See also:Andes at an See also:elevation of 5000 to 8000 ft. above the level of the See also:sea, more especially about the neighbourhood of Chiconquiaco, and near See also:San See also:Salvador on the eastern slope of the Cofre de Perote. ' Jalap has been known in See also:Europe since the beginning of the 17th See also:century, and derives its name from the See also:city of See also:Jalapa in See also:Mexico, near which it grows, but its botanical source was not accurately determined until 1829, when Dr. J. R. See also:Coxe of See also:Philadelphia published a description Jalap (Iommaea Purga) ; about See also:half natural See also:size. resinous or starchy fracture. The See also:ordinary drug is distinguished in See also:commerce as See also:Vera Cruz jalap, from the name of the See also:port whence it is shipped. Jalap has been cultivated for many years in See also:India, chiefly at Ootacamund, and grows there as easily as a See also:yam, often producing clusters of tubers weighing over 9 lb; but these, as they differ in See also:appearance from the commercial See also:article, have not as yet obtained a See also:place in the See also:English See also:market. They are found, however, to be See also:rich in See also:resin, containing 18%. In See also:Jamaica also the plant has been grown, at first amongst the See also:cinchona trees, but more recently in new ground, as it was found to exhaust the See also:soil. Besides Mexican or Vera Cruz jalap, a drug called See also:Tampico jalap has been imported for some years in considerable quantity. It has a much more shrivelled appearance and paler See also:colour than ordinary jalap, and lacks the small transverse scars See also:present in the true drug.

This See also:

kind of jalap, the Purga de Sierra Gorda of the Mexicans, was traced by Hanbury to I pomaea simulans. In See also:early times See also:Jalaun seems to have been the See also:home of two See also:Rajput clans, the Chandels in the See also:east and the Kachwahas in the See also:west. The See also:town of See also:Kalpi on the See also:Jumna was conquered for the princes of See also:Ghor as early as 1196. Early in the 14th century the Bundelas occupied the greater See also:part of Jalaun, and even succeeded in holding the fortified See also:post of Kalpi. That important See also:possession was soon recovered by the Mussulmans, and passed under the sway of the See also:Mogul emperors. See also:Akbar's See also:governors at Kalpi maintained a nominal authority over the surrounding See also:district; and the Bundela chiefs were in a See also:state of chronic revolt, which culminated in the See also:war of See also:independence under Chhatar Sal. On the outbreak of his See also:rebellion in 1671 he occupied a large See also:province to the See also:south of the Jumna. Setting out from this basis, and assisted by the See also:Mahrattas, he reduced the whole of See also:Bundelkhand. On his See also:death he bequeathed one-third of his dominions to his Mahratta See also:allies, who before See also:long succeeded in annexing the whole of Bundelkhand. Under Mahratta See also:rule the See also:country was a See also:prey to See also:constant anarchy and See also:intestine strife. To this See also:period must he traced the origin of the poverty and desolation which are still conspicuous throughout the district. In 1.8o6 Kalpi was made over to the See also:British, and in 1840, on the death of Nana Gobind See also:Ras, his possessions lapsed to them also.

Various interchanges of territory took place, and in 1856 the present boundaries were substantially settled. Jalaun had a See also:

bad reputation during the See also:Mutiny. When the See also:news of the rising at See also:Cawnpore reached Kalpi, the men of the 53rd native See also:infantry deserted their See also:officers, and in See also:June the See also:Jhansi mutineers reached the district, and began their See also:murder of Europeans. The inhabitants everywhere revelled in the See also:licence of See also:plunder and murder which the Mutiny had spread through all Bundelkhand, and it was not till See also:September 1858 that the rebels were finally defeated.

End of Article: JALAP

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