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RESIN (through O.Fr. resine, modern r...

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Originally appearing in Volume V23, Page 183 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.

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RESIN (through O.Fr. resine, modern reline, from Lat. resina, prcbably Latinized from Greek Pirivrt, resin)

RESIN (through O.Fr. resine, See also:
MODERN
modern reline, from See also:
LAT
Lat. resina, prcbably Latinized from See also:
GREEK
GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND
Greek Pirivrt, resin) , a secretion formed in See also:

SPECIAL

special resin canals or passages of See also:

PLANTS

plants, from many of which, such as, for example, coniferous trees, it exudes in soft tears, hardening into solid masses in the See also:

air. Otherwise it may be obtained by making incisions in the bark or See also:

wood of the secreting plant. It can also be extracted from almost all plants by treatment of the See also:

TISSUE (Fr. tissu, tissue, participle of tisser, Lat. texere, to weave)

tissue with See also:

ALCOHOL

alcohol. Certain resins are obtained in a fossilized See also:

CONDITION (Lat. condicio, from condicere, to agree upon, arrange; not connected with conditio, from condere, conditum, to put together)

condition, See also:

AMBER

amber being the most notable instance of this class; See also:

AFRICAN

African See also:

COPAL (Mexican copalli, incense)

copal and the kauri See also:

GUM (Fr. gomme, Lat. gommi, Gr. Kµµ1, possibly a Coptic word; distinguish " gum," the fleshy covering of the base of a tooth, in O. Eng. gbma, palate, cf. Ger. Gaumen, roof of the mouth; the ultimate origin is probably the root gha, to open wide, seen in

gum of New See also:

ZEALAND (also SEALAND Or SEELAND; Danish Sjaelland)

Zealand are also procured in a semi-fossil condition. The resins which are obtained as natural exudations are in See also:

general mixtures of different, See also:

PECULIAR

peculiar acids, named the resin acids, which dissolve in alkalis to See also:

FORM (Lat. forma)

form resin soaps, from which the resin acids are regenerated by treatment with acids. They are closely related to the See also:

TERPENES

terpenes, with which they occur in plants and of which they are oxidation products. Examples of resin acids are abietic (sylvic) See also:

ACID (from the Lat. root ac-, sharp; acere, to be sour)

acid, C,8H28O2, occurring incolophony, and pimaric acid, C2OH3002, a constituent of gallipot resin. Abietic acid can be extracted from colophony by means of hot alcohol; it crystallizes in leaflets, and on oxidation yields trimellitic, isophthalic and terebic acid. Pimaric acid closely resembles abietic acid into which it passes when distilled in a vacuum; it has been supposed to consist of three isomers. Resins when soft are known as oleo-resins, and when containing benzoic or cinnamic acid they are called balsams. Other resinous products are in their natural condition mixed with gum or mucilaginous substances and known as gum-resins. The general conception of a resin is a noncrystalline See also:

BODY

body, insoluble in See also:

WATER

water, mostly soluble in alcohol, essential See also:

OILS (adopted from the Fr. oile, mod. huile, Lat. oleum, olive oil)

oils, See also:

ETHER, (C2H5)2O

ether and hot fatty oils, softening and melting under the See also:

INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence of See also:

HEAT (0. E. haktu, which like " hot," Old Eng. hat, is from the Teutonic type haita, hit, to be hot; cf. Ger. hitze, heiss; Dutch, hitte, heet, &c.)

heat, not capable of sublimation, and burning with a See also:

bright but smoky See also:

FLAME (Lat. flamma; the root flag- appears in flagrare, to burn, blaze, and Gr. d, XEryew)

flame.

A typical resin is a transparent or translucent See also:

mass, with a vitreous fracture and a faintly yellow or See also:

brown See also:

COLOUR (Lat. color, connected with celare, to hide, the root meaning, therefore, being that of a covering)

colour, inodorous or having only a slight See also:

TURPENTINE (in M. Eng. turbentine, adapted through the O. Fr. turbentine or terebentine from Lat. terebinthina, sc. resina, resin of the terebinth, Gr. eepiOtvOos or eippavOos)

turpentine odour and See also:

TASTE (from Lat. taxare, to touch sharply; tangere, to touch)

taste. Many See also:

compound resins, however, from their admixture with essential oils, are possessed of distinct and characteristic odours. The hard transparent resins, such as the copals, dammars, See also:

MASTIC, or MASTICH (Gr. µao-rixrt, probably connected with µaoavOai, to chew, since mastic is used in the East as a chewing gum)

mastic and See also:

SANDARACH (Fr. sandaraque, Lat. sandaraca, Gr. ravbapbsrl, realgar or red sulphide of arsenic, cf. Pers. sandarus, Skt. sindura, realgar)

sandarach, are principally used for varnishes and See also:

CEMENT (from Lat. caementum, rough pieces of stone, a shortened form of caedimentum, from caedere, to cut)

cement, while the softer odoriferous oleo-resins (See also:

FRANKINCENSE

frankincense, turpentine, See also:

COPAIBA, or COPAIVA (from Brazilian cupauba)

copaiba) and gum-resins containing essential oils (See also:

AMMONIACUM, or GUM AMMONIAC

ammoniacum, asafoetida, See also:

GAMBOGE (from Camboja, a name of the district whence it is obtained)

gamboge, See also:

MYRRH (from the Latinized form myrrha of Gr. µuppa; the Arabic murr, bitter, was applied to the substance from its bitterness)

myrrh, See also:

SCAMMONY

scammony) are more largely used for therapeutic purposes and See also:

INCENSE

incense. Amber (q.v.) is a fossil resin.

End of Article: RESIN (through O.Fr. resine, modern reline, from Lat. resina, prcbably Latinized from Greek Pirivrt, resin)

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