Online Encyclopedia
Search over 40,000 articles from the original, classic Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th Edition.
FISHERIES
Online EncyclopediaEncyclopedia Home :: FAT-FLA
del.icio.us it!
|
FISHERIES ,' a See also:general See also:term for the various operations engaged in for the See also:capture of•such aquatic creatures as are useful to See also:man. From See also:time immemorial See also:fish have been captured by various forms of spears, nets, hooks and more elaborate apparatus, and a See also:historical description of the methods and appliances that have been used would comprise a considerable portion of \a See also:treatise on the See also:history of man. For the most See also:part the operations of fishing have been comparable with those of See also:primitive See also:hunting rather than with See also:agriculture; they have taken the least possible See also:account of considerations affecting the See also:supply; when one locality has been fished out, another has been resorted to. The increasing pressure on every source of See also:food, and the enormous improvements in the catching See also:power of the engines involved, has made some See also:kind of regulation and See also:control inevitable, with the result that in practically every civilized See also:country there exists some authority for the investigation and regulation of fisheries.
The annexed table shows the See also:department of See also:state and the
The See also:early years of the 2gth See also:century witnessed another See also:great expansion of the See also:sea fisheries of the See also:United See also:Kingdom. The See also:herring' See also:fishery has been revolutionized partly by the successful introduction of See also:steam drifters, which have markedly increased the aggregate catching power, and partly by the See also:prosecution ofd the fishery on one part or other of the See also:British coasts during the greater part. of the See also:year.. The crews of many Scottish vessels which formerly worked at the herring and See also:line fisheries in alternate seasons of the year now devote their energies almost entirely to the herring fishery, which they pursue in See also:nomad fleets around all the coasts of Great See also:Britain. The See also:East Anglian drifters carry on their operations at different seasons of the year from See also:Shetland in the See also:north (for See also:herrings) to See also:Newlyn in the See also:west (for See also:mackerel). In See also:Scotland the value of the nets employed on steam drifters has increased from £3000 in 1899 to £6r,000 in 1906, and the See also:average See also:annual catch of herrings has increased from about four to about five million cwts. during the past ten years. In See also:England also the annual catch of herrings, which reached a See also:total of two million cwts. for the first time in 1899, has exceeded three millions in each year from 1902 to 1905.
In steam See also:trawling also great enterprise has been shown. In 5906 Messrs Hellyer of See also:Hull launched a new steam trawling See also:fleet of 50 vessels for working the North Sea grounds, and the delivery of new steam trawlers at See also:Grimsby was greater than at any previous See also:period, these vessels being designed more especially to exploit the distant fishing grounds, the range of which has been extended from See also:Morocco to the See also: About too vessels were added to the Grimsby fleet in the course of twelve months. These new vessels measure about 140 ft. in length and over 20 ft. in See also:beam, and exceed 250 tons See also:gross See also:tonnage, the See also:accommodation both for fish and crews being considerably in excess of that provided in vessels of this class hitherto.
Returns of the steam trawlers registered in 1907 in the See also:chief See also:European countries show the expanse of this See also:industry, and the
See also:Administration of Fisheries.
See also:Norway. See also:Sweden. See also:Denmark. See also:Germany. See also: Agriculture and Approximate Annual See also:Expenditure dustry and £5,500 £10,200 £12,500 See also:Woods and 1. Administration Agriculture. 4,500 6,300 2,500 Forests. 2. Scientific Fishery See also:Research . £15,000 £1,000 5,000 partment of Interior. Conducted by Maritime States £27,950 See also:Canada. U.S. See also:America. England and Scotland. See also:Ireland. See also:Wales. Department of State Marine and Fish- See also:Bureau of Fisheries Agriculture and Fishery See also:Board. Agriculture and Approximate Annual Expenditure eries. under See also:Commerce Fisheries. Technical In- i. Administration and Labour. £8,000 struction. 2. Scientific Fishery Research 14,000 (expended through agents) £i59,000 Conducted by £13,000 £to,000 48,000 Coastal States 800 £141,000 approximate expenditure on fisheries in some of the chief countries of the See also:world. The figures are only approximate and are based on the expenditure for 1907. In the See also:case of England and Wales the expenditure is not See also:complete, as under the Sea Fisheries Regulation See also:Act of 1888 the whole of the See also:coast of England and Wales could be placed under See also:local fisheries committees with power to See also:levy rates for fishery purposes, and in a certain number of districts See also:advantage has been taken of this act. But even with this addition, British expenditure on fisheries is less than that undertaken by most of the countries of See also:northern See also:Europe, although British fisheries are much more valuable than those of all the See also:rest of Europe together. Additional information and CommentsThere are no comments yet for this article.
» Add information or comments to this article.
Please link directly to this article:
Highlight the code below, right click, and select "copy." Then paste it into your website, email, or other HTML. Site content, images, and layout Copyright © 2006 - Net Industries, worldwide. |
|
|
[back] FISHER, JOHN ARBUTHNOT FISHER, 1ST BARON |
[next] FISHERY (LAW OF) |