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METROPOLITAN (Lat. metropolitanus, Gr...

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Originally appearing in Volume V18, Page 301 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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METROPOLITAN (See also:Lat. metropolitanus, Gr. µnrpoiroXtrns) , in the See also:Christian See also:church, the See also:title of a See also:bishop who has the over-sight over bishops of subordinate See also:sees. In the Western church the metropolitan is practically the same as the See also:archbishop (q.v.); in the Eastern church he ranks above the archbishop, but below the See also:patriarch (q.v.). Metropolitans first appear in the See also:East in the 4th See also:century as presiding over a See also:province (provincia or irapXla), and their see is fixed in the See also:principal See also:town (o rporats) of the province, which remains the normal See also:custom both in East and See also:West. In See also:Africa, however, the metropolitan See also:jurisdiction was exercised by the See also:senior bishop (primas, primae sedis episcopus, senex) for the See also:time being, a custom which prevailed for a time also in See also:Spain. Thus, too, in the Scottish Episcopal Church and the See also:Protestant Episcopal Church of See also:America there are no metropolitans, the primas being the senior bishop.

End of Article: METROPOLITAN (Lat. metropolitanus, Gr. µnrpoiroXtrns)

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METROPOLIS (Gr. piir17Pi mother, srGXis, city)
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METSU, GABRIEL (1630—1667)