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See also:BURGH [See also:BOURKE, See also:BURKE] , the name of an historic Irish See also:house, associated with See also:Connaught for more than seven centuries. It was founded by See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William de Burgh, See also:brother of See also:Hubert de Burgh (q.v.). Before the See also:death of See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry II. (1189) he received a See also:- GRANT (from A.-Fr. graunter, O. Fr. greanter for creanter, popular Lat. creantare, for credentare, to entrust, Lat. credere, to believe, trust)
- GRANT, ANNE (1755-1838)
- GRANT, CHARLES (1746-1823)
- GRANT, GEORGE MONRO (1835–1902)
- GRANT, JAMES (1822–1887)
- GRANT, JAMES AUGUSTUS (1827–1892)
- GRANT, ROBERT (1814-1892)
- GRANT, SIR ALEXANDER
- GRANT, SIR FRANCIS (1803-1878)
- GRANT, SIR JAMES HOPE (1808–1895)
- GRANT, SIR PATRICK (1804-1895)
- GRANT, U
- GRANT, ULYSSES SIMPSON (1822-1885)
grant of lands from See also:John as See also:lord of See also:Ireland. At John's See also:accession (1199) he was installed in See also:Thomond and was See also:governor of See also:Limerick. In 1199–1201 he was supporting in turn Cathal Carrach and Cathal Crovderg for the native See also:throne, but he was expelled from Limerick in 1203, and, losing his Connaught, though not his See also:Munster estates, died in 1205. His son See also:Richard, in 1227, received the See also:land of " Connok" [Connaught], as forfeited by its See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king, whom he helped to fight. From 1228 to 1232 he held the high See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office of See also:justiciar of Ireland. In 1234 he sided with the See also:crown against Richard, See also:earl See also:marshal, who See also:fell in battleagainst him. Dying in 1243, he was succeeded as lord of See also:Con-naught by his son Richard, and then (1248) by his younger son See also:Walter, who .carried on the See also:family warfare against the native chieftains, and added greatly to his vast domains by obtaining (c. 1255) from See also:Prince See also:Edward a grant of " the See also:county of See also:Ulster," in consequence of which he was styled later earl of Ulster. At his death in 1271, he was succeeded by his son Richard as 2nd earl. In 1286 Richard ravaged and subdued Connaught, and deposed See also:Bryan O'See also:Neill as See also:chief native king, substituting a nominee of his own. The native king of Connaught was also attacked by him, in favour of that See also:branch of the O'Conors whom his own family supported. He led his forces from Ireland to support Edward I. in his Scottish See also:campaigns, and on Edward See also:Bruce's invasion of Ulster in 1315 Richard marched against him, but he had given his daughter See also:Elizabeth in See also:marriage to See also:Robert Bruce, afterwards king of See also:Scotland, about 1304. Occasionally summoned to See also:English parliaments, he spent most of his See also:forty years of activity in Ireland, where he was the greatest See also:noble of his See also:day, usually fighting the natives or his Anglo-See also:Norman rivals. The patent See also:roll of 1290 shows that in addition to his lands in Ulster, Connaught and Munster, he had held the Isle of See also:Man, but had surrendered it to the king.
His See also:grandson and successor William, the 3rd earl (1326–1333), was the son of John de Burgh by Elizabeth, See also:lady of See also:Clare, See also:sister and co-See also:heir of the last Clare earl of See also:Hertford (d. 1314). He married a daughter of Henry, earl of See also:Lancaster, and was appointed See also:lieutenant of Ireland in 1331, but was murdered in his 21st See also:year, leaving a daughter, the See also:sole heiress, not only of the de Burgh possessions, but of vast Clare estates. She was married in childhood to Lionel, son of Edward III., who was recognized in her right as earl of Ulster, and their See also:direct representative, the See also:duke of See also:York, ascended the throne in 1461 as Edward IV., since when the earldom of Ulster has been only held by members of the royal family.
On the See also:murder of the 3rd earl (1333), his male kinsmen, who had a better right, by native Irish ideas, to the See also:succession than his daughter, adopted Irish names and customs, and becoming virtually native chieftains succeeded in holding the bulk of the de Burgh territories. Their two See also:main branches were those of "MacWilliam Eigh ter" in See also:southern Connaught, and "MacWilliam Oughter " to the See also:north of them, in what is now See also:Mayo. The former held the territory of See also:Clanricarde, lying in the See also:neighbour-See also:hood of See also:Galway, and in 1543 their chief, as Ulick " Bourck, See also:alias Makwilliam," surrendered it to Henry VIII., receiving it back to hold, by English See also:custom, as earl of Clanricarde and Lord Dunkellin. The 4th earl (16or–1635) distinguished himself on the English See also:side in O'Neill's See also:rebellion and afterwards, and obtained the English earldom of St Albans in 1628, his son Ulick receiving further the Irish marquessate of Clanricarde (1646). His See also:cousin and heir, the 6th earl (1657–1666) was See also:uncle of the 8th and 9th earls (1687–1722), both of whom fought for See also:- JAMES
- JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
- JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
- JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
- JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
- JAMES, EPISTLE OF
- JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
- JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
- JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
- JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)
James II. and paid the See also:penalty for doing so in 1691, but the 9th earl was restored in 1702, and his See also:great-grandson, the 12th earl, was created See also:marquess of Clanricarde in 1789. He See also:left no son, but the marquessate was again revived in 1825, for his See also:nephew the 14th earl, whose heir is the See also:present marquess. The family, which changed its name from Bourke to de Burgh in 1752, and added that of See also:Canning in 1862, still own a vast See also:estate in County Galway.
In 1603 " the MacWilliam Oughter," See also:Theobald Bourke, similarly resigned his territory in Mayo, and received it back to hold by English See also:tenure. In 1627 he was created See also:Viscount Mayo. The 2nd and 3rd viscounts (1629–1663) suffered at See also:Cromwell's hands, but the 4th was restored to his estates (some 50,000 acres) in 1666. The See also:peerage became See also:extinct or dormant on the death of the 8th viscount in 1767. In 1781 John Bourke, a Mayo man, believed to be descended from the See also:line of " MacWilliam Oughter," was created Viscount Mayo, and four years later earl of Mayo, a peerage still extant. In 1872 the 6th earl was murdered in the Andaman Islands when See also:viceroy of See also:India.
The baronies of Bourke of Connell (158o) and. Bourke of Brittas (1618), both forfeited in 1691, were bestowed on branches
of the family which has also still representatives in the baronetage and landed gentry of Ireland.
The lords Burgh or See also:- BOROUGH (A.S. nominative burh, dative byrig, which produces some of the place-names ending in bury, a sheltered or fortified place, the camp of refuge of a tribe, the stronghold of a chieftain; cf. Ger. Burg, Fr. bor, bore, bourg)
- BOROUGH [BURROUGH, BURROWE, BORROWS], STEVEN (1525–1584)
Borough of See also:Gainsborough (1487–1599) were a See also:Lincolnshire family believed to be descended from a younger son of Hubert de Burgh. The 5th See also:baron was lord See also:deputy of Ireland in 2-597, and his younger brother, See also:Sir John (d. 1594), a distinguished soldier and sailor. (J. H.
End of Article: BURGH [BOURKE, BURKE]
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