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HOOD, JOHN BELL (1831–1879)

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Originally appearing in Volume V13, Page 665 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HOOD, See also:JOHN See also:BELL (1831–1879) , See also:American soldier, lieut.-See also:general of the Confederate See also:army, was See also:born at Owingsville, See also:Kentucky, in 1831, and graduated from See also:West Point military See also:academy in 1853. As an officer of the 2nd U.S. See also:cavalry (See also:Colonel See also:Sidney See also:Johnston) he saw service against See also:Indians, and later he was cavalry instructor at West Point. He resigned from the U.S. service in 1861, and became a colonel in the Confederate army. He was soon promoted brigadier-general, and at the See also:battle of Gaines's See also:Mill, where he was wounded, won the See also:brevet of See also:major-general for his gallant conduct. With the famous " See also:Texas See also:brigade " of the Army of See also:Northern See also:Virginia he served throughout the See also:campaign of 1862. At See also:Gettysburg he commanded one of the divisions of See also:Longstreet's See also:corps, receiving a See also:wound which disabled his See also:arm. With Longstreet he was transferred in the autumn of 1863 to the Army of See also:Tennessee. At the battle of Chickamauga (See also:September l9th, 2oth) Hood was severely wounded again and his See also:leg was amputated, but after six months he returned to See also:duty undaunted. He remained with the Army of Tennessee as a corps See also:commander, and when the general dissatisfaction with the See also:Fabian policy of General J. E. Johnston brought about the removal of that officer, Hood was put in his See also:place with the temporary See also:rank of general. He had won a See also:great reputation as a fighting general, and it was with the distinct understanding that battles were to be fought that he was placed at the See also:head of the Army of Tennessee.

But in spite of skill and courage he was uniformly unsuccessful in the battles around See also:

Atlanta. In the end he had to abandon the place, but he forthwith sought to attack See also:Sherman in another direction, and finally invaded Tennessee. His See also:march was pushed with the greatest See also:energy, but he failed to draw the See also:main See also:body of the enemy after him, and, while Sherman with a picked force made his " March to the See also:Sea," See also:Thomas collected an army to oppose Hood. A severe battle was fought at See also:Franklin on the 3oth of See also:November, and finally See also:Flood was defeated and his army almost annihilated in the battle of See also:Nashville. He was then relieved at his own See also:request (See also:January 23rd, 1865). After the See also:war he was engaged in business in New See also:Orleans, where he died of yellow See also:fever on the 3oth of See also:August 1879. His experiences in the See also:Civil War are narrated in his Advance and See also:Retreat (New Orleans, 188o). Hood's reputation as a bold and energetic See also:leader was well deserved, though his reckless vigour proved but a poor substitute for Johnston's careful husbanding of his strength at this declining See also:stage of the Confederacy.

End of Article: HOOD, JOHN BELL (1831–1879)

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