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BELL, ANDREW (1753—1832)

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Originally appearing in Volume V03, Page 684 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BELL, See also:ANDREW (1753—1832) , See also:British divine and educationalist, was See also:born at St See also:Andrews on the 27th of See also:March 1753. He graduated at the university there, and afterwards spent some years as a See also:tutor in See also:Virginia, U.S.A. On his return he took orders, and in 1787 sailed for See also:India, where he held eight See also:army chaplaincies at the same See also:time. In 1789 he became See also:superintendent of the male See also:orphan See also:asylum at See also:Madras, and having been obliged from scarcity of teachers to introduce the See also:system of mutual tuition by the pupils, found the See also:scheme See also:answer so well that he 'became convinced of its universal applicability. In 1797, after his return to See also:London, he published a small pamphlet explaining his views on See also:education. Little public See also:attention was See also:drawn towards the " monitorial " See also:plan till See also:Joseph See also:Lancaster (q.v.), the Quaker, opened a school in See also:Southwark, conducting it in accordance with Bell's principles, and improving on his system. The success of the method, and the strong support given to Lancaster by the whole See also:body of Nonconformists gave immense impetus to the See also:movement. Similar See also:schools were established in greatnumbers; and the members of the See also:Church of See also:England, becoming alarmed at the patronage of such schools resting entirely in the hands of dissenters, resolved to set up similar institutions in which their own principles should be inculcated. In 1807 Bell was called from his rectory of See also:Swanage in See also:Dorset to organize a system of schools in accordance with these views, and in 1811 became superintendent of the newly formed " See also:National Society for Promoting the Education of the Poor in the Principles of the Established Church." For his valuable services he was in some degree recompensed by his preferment to a prebend of See also:Westminster, and to the mastership of Sherburn See also:hospital, See also:Durham. He tried, but without success, to plant his system in See also:Scotland and on the See also:continent. He died on the 27th of See also:January 1832, at See also:Cheltenham, and was buried in Westminster See also:Abbey. His See also:great See also:fortune was bequeathed almost entirely for educational purposes.

Of the £120,000 given in See also:

trust to the See also:provost of St Andrews, two See also:city ministers and the See also:professor of See also:Greek in the university, See also:half was devoted to the See also:founding of the important school, called the Madras See also:College, at St Andrews; £1o,000 was See also:left to each of the large cities, See also:Edinburgh, See also:Glasgow, See also:Leith, See also:Inverness and See also:Aberdeen, for school purposes; and £1o,00o was also given to the Royal See also:Naval School. See also:Southey's See also:Life of Dr Bell (3 vols.) is very tedious; J. D. Meiklejohn's An Old Educational Reformer is concise and accurate.

End of Article: BELL, ANDREW (1753—1832)

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