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VIRGINIA, UNIVERSITY OF

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Originally appearing in Volume V28, Page 126 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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VIRGINIA, UNIVERSITY OF , a See also:state institution for higher See also:education, situated at See also:Charlottesville among the See also:foot-hills of the See also:Blue See also:Ridge Mountains. Its buildings, arranged around a large rectangular See also:lawn and erected from a See also:plan prepared by See also:Thomas See also:Jefferson, are noted for their architectural effect. At the See also:head of the lawn is the Rotunda, modelled after the See also:Roman See also:Pantheon and now containing the university library; and at the foot of the lawn are three See also:modern recitation and laboratory buildings. On the sides are grouped buildings for each individual See also:professor and dormitories for students. There are also a See also:chapel, a gymnasium, a See also:hospital, and on the See also:summit of See also:Mount Jefferson See also:Hill, a mile See also:south-See also:west of the campus, is the M'Cormick See also:Observatory. The university comprises twenty-six See also:independent See also:schools, but the courses of instruction given in these are so co-ordinated as to See also:form six departments: two See also:academic—the See also:college and the See also:department of See also:graduate studies; and four professional—See also:law, See also:medicine, See also:engineering and See also:agriculture. The institution owns 522 acres of See also:land, has productive endowment funds amounting to $1,978,000, and receives from the state an See also:annual See also:appropriation of $8o,000. It is governed by a See also:rector, chosen by and from nine visitors, and a See also:board of visitors appointed by the See also:governor and two visitors ex officio, the state See also:superintendent of public instruction and the See also:president of the university; and the corporate name of the university is " The Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia." In 1904 See also:Edwin See also:Anderson See also:Alderman (b. 1861) was elected president. In 1910 the See also:faculty and See also:officers numbered no, the students (men only) 803, and the number of volumes in the See also:libraries 88,000. The university traces its beginning to an See also:act of the legislature in See also:January 1803 for incorporating the " Trustees of See also:Albemarle See also:Academy." In 1814, before the site of this proposed institution had been chosen, Thomas Jefferson was elected a trustee, and under his See also:influence the legislature, in See also:February 1816, authorized the See also:establishment of Central College in lieu of Albemarle Academy. The corner-See also:stone of Central College was laid in See also:October 1817, and Jefferson, who was rector of its board of trustees, evolved a plan for its development into the university of Virginia.

The legislature, thanks to the efforts of See also:

Joseph See also:Carrington Cabell, a See also:close See also:personal friend of Jefferson, adopted the plan in 1818 and 1819, and seven independent schools—See also:ancient See also:languages, modern languages, See also:mathematics, natural See also:philosophy, moral philosophy, See also:chemistry and medicine—were opened to students in See also:March 1825; a school of law was opened in 1826. In 1837 the School of Medicine became a department of three individual schools; and in 185o the School of Law became a department of two schools. After the See also:gift of $500,000 by See also:Andrew See also:Carnegie therg were established in 1909 the Andrew Carnegie School of Engineering, the See also:James See also:Madison School of Law, the James See also:Monroe School of See also:International Law, the James See also:Wilson School of See also:Political See also:Economy, the See also:Edgar See also:Allan See also:Poe School of See also:English and the See also:Walter See also:Reed School of See also:Pathology. Under Jefferson's plan only two degrees were granted : " Graduate," to any student who had completed the course of any one school; and " See also:Doctor" to a graduate in more than one school who had shown See also:powers of See also:research. But in 1831 for the Doctor's degree the faculty substituted, following See also:British See also:custom, the degree of See also:Master of Arts. The college now grants the degrees of " See also:Bachelor of Arts," " Cultural Bachelor of See also:Science " and " Vocational Bachelor of Science "; the Department of Graduate Studies, the degrees of " Graduate in a School," " Master of Arts," " Master of Science " and " Doctor of Philosophy "; the Department of Law, the degree of " Bachelor of See also:Laws "; the Department of Medicine, the degree of " Doctor of Medicine "; the Department of Engineering, she degrees of " See also:Civil Engineer," " See also:Mechanical Engineer," " See also:Electrical Engineer," " See also:Mining Engineer " and " Chemical Engineer "; and the Department of Agriculture, the degree of " Bachelor of Science in Agriculture." See J. S. See also:Patton, Jefferson, Cabell and the University of Virginia (New See also:York, 1906).

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